...[pic] Center for Management and Leadership Master of Business Administration MODULE: FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING Lecturer Ryan Isebia Subject Financial Accounting Objective of this module The objective of this module is to help the students develop a sufficient understanding of the basic concepts underlying financial statements so that they can apply the concepts to new and different situations. Furthermore, this module seeks to train students in accounting terminology and methods so that they can interpret, analyze, and evaluate financial statements published in corporate annual reports. The text for this module presents the concepts of financial accounting in a logical format. Essential topics are covered in sufficient depth to substantiate basic technical understanding and to support the application of the material to organizational problems. Each chapter begins with the learning objectives of the chapter. The chapters contain an in-depth presentation of the subjects. To aid the students, the chapters also contain at the end of each section some questions, exercises, problems and cases. Furthermore, at the end of each chapter the key terms and concepts that have been addressed in the chapters are presented. These sections serve as excellent means for the students to review and master the material. Class format: The module will consist: ▪ Class lectures ▪ Selfstudy ▪ Assignments – in class and...
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...FASB Codification Project The Financial Accounting Standards Board, FASB, was implemented in 1973 in the private sector. It was meant to set up the standards for which financial accounting should operate. Its duty was to establish and improve the standards of financial accounting and reporting the financial matters to the general public as well as guiding and educating them. It also helps the auditors, issuers, and users who benefit from financial information. The FASB codification process includes all the accounting values issued by a standard setter. The standard setter is in the levels ‘A’ right through ‘D’ of the present US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, GAAP, ladder. Also included is the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, AICPA, and the Emerging Issues Task Force, EITF (FASB, 1984). The codification process involves the assigning of numbers or letters to documents to enable faster access to those documents as well as their retrieval. The FASB codification project will allow thousands of declarations currently in US GAAP to be organized into about 90 accounting subjects. Contents in every subject are then subdivided into subtopics followed by sections and lastly paragraphs. The paragraph is the sole part that contains the important material. The other higher levels are there to help in arranging the contents of the paragraph. A number is allocated to particular contents in each level (Smith 2005). Then the levels are displayed suitably using...
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...The impact of ICT on accounting practice in Nigeria CHAPTER ONE Introduction 1.1 Background of the study In the recent past centuries, before the inception of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), the accountants of an organization were using a socially acceptable behavioural method of reporting accounting and economic reports, carried out during accounting year ends, the preparation of accounting records, book such as the profit and loss account, the balance sheet, cash book, cash flow statement, income and expenditure accounts. The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), on accounting practice in Nigeria has become a subject of fundamental importance and concerns to all business enterprise and indeed a prerequisite for local and international competitiveness. It is obvious that the way accountants plan and take decision on what and how to provide their service in the accounting profession has been affected immensely by Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This has continued to change the manner in which accounting practice and their corporate relationships are organized worldwide and the variety of innovative device available to improve and facilitate the speed and quality service delivery. It is obvious that the biggest impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been made on accounting; and it is the ability of companies to develop and use computerized system to...
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...The impact of ICT on accounting practice in Nigeria CHAPTER ONE Introduction 1.1 Background of the study In the recent past centuries, before the inception of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), the accountants of an organization were using a socially acceptable behavioural method of reporting accounting and economic reports, carried out during accounting year ends, the preparation of accounting records, book such as the profit and loss account, the balance sheet, cash book, cash flow statement, income and expenditure accounts. The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), on accounting practice in Nigeria has become a subject of fundamental importance and concerns to all business enterprise and indeed a prerequisite for local and international competitiveness. It is obvious that the way accountants plan and take decision on what and how to provide their service in the accounting profession has been affected immensely by Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This has continued to change the manner in which accounting practice and their corporate relationships are organized worldwide and the variety of innovative device available to improve and facilitate the speed and quality service delivery. It is obvious that the biggest impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been made on accounting; and it is the ability of companies to develop and use computerized system to...
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... | | |Axia College/College of Natural Science | | |HCA/270 Version 3 | | |Finance for the Health Care Professional | Copyright © 2011, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is designed as an introduction to the terminology, processes, functions, and financial reports commonly encountered in health care operations. This course introduces the concepts of basic managerial financial functions, such as budgeting, reimbursement methods, and the responsibilities of health care financial management. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies...
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...ACCOUNTING THEORY AND PRACTICE (FAR 600) Teaching and Learning Arrangements (SEMESTER: JAN 2007 – APRIL 2007) COURSE CODE : FAR 600 PROGRAM : BACHELOR OF ACCOUNTING (HONS) CREDIT HOURS : 4 CONTACT HOURS : 4 STATUS : CORE SYNOPSIS This financial accounting course exposes students to accounting theory, corporate accounting policies and financial reporting practices. The importance of history is introduced through a brief discussion on accounting history from both experiences of both western and Muslim Civilization. In understanding the theoretical framework of accounting, the various perspectives on financial accounting theory are examined with particular emphasis on their rationale and implications on accounting practice. General concepts of theory formulation are discussed and types of accounting perspectives and research are also introduced in this course. Corporate Accounting Policies are explained by the development of the Conceptual Framework and the Importance of a Regulatory Environment. The Standard Setting process in Malaysia is discussed. An analytical approach of the accounting standards is adopted by examining the recognition, measurement, disclosure and presentation of accounting information is discussed. Significant emphasis is placed on Asset Measurement, Nature of Liabilities, Types of Equity, Recognition of Revenue and Income Finally contemporary accounting practices and...
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...Financial Statement Analysis Angel J. Elias Rivera ACC 561-PR June 15, 2015 Manfredo Rodriguez-Boissen Financial Statement Analisys The accounting is one of the most important areas within a business. This shows us the financial position of the company. There are four financial statements which are Balance sheet, Income Statement, cash flow and changes in equity. Those statements are regulated by the FASB which has brought the GAAP to stablish the same accounting for the US business. In the International perspective is the IASB which as wrote some interpretation in the IFRS. Those one are in conversion to regulate the accounting practice in the whole world. Financial Accounting Standards Board is the independent agency that establishes accounting principles and accounting procedures which are the generally accepted accounting principles within the United States. The body of these procedures and principles are called Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. FASB was established by the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 to be the body to set accounting standards for all public companies in the U.S. The mission of the FASB is to establish and improve standards of financial accounting and reporting that foster financial reporting by nongovernmental entities that provides decision-useful information to investors and other users of financial reports. (FASB,2014) The International Accounting Standards Board is an independent private-sector body that develops and approves...
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...Creation Date: Revised by: Revision Date: Current Semester: Approved by: Business Graduate Studies Accounting for Managerial Decision Making ACCT 701 56 N/A N/A Yes Basil Chan, John Harris Summer 2013 Geoffrey Prince Summer 2014 Winter 2015 Chairperson/Dean Students are expected to review and understand all areas of the course outline. Retain this course outline for future transfer credit applications. A fee may be charged for additional copies. This course outline is available in alternative formats upon request. ACCT 701 CENTENNIAL COLLEGE Accounting for Managerial Decision Making Course Description This course will introduce the student to the principles of management accounting. Topics include costvolume-profit relationships, relevant costing, performance measurement, and the application of management accounting concepts and techniques to support business decision making. Program Outcomes Successful completion of this and other courses in the program culminates in the achievement of the Vocational Learning Outcomes (program outcomes) set by the Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities in the Program Standard. The VLOs express the learning a student must reliably demonstrate before graduation. To ensure a meaningful learning experience and to better understand how this course and program prepare graduates for success, students are encouraged to review the Program Standard by visiting http://www.tcu.gov.on.ca/pepg/audiences/colleges/progstan/. For...
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...Cost Accounting : An Introduction MODULE - 6B Elementary Cost Accounting 27 COST ACCOUNTING : AN INTRODUCTION After passing your senior secondary examination, if you set up a small manufacturing unit, say manufacturing of packing boxes, a problem will arise what price of each box you should quote to the buyer. Many factors are considered while fixing the price of a product/item such as competitors’ price etc. One of the basic factors is the cost of its production. Cost is essential not only to fix price but also to ascertain the margin of profit. Knowledge of the cost determination is also necessary to keep a check on the cost of product/control on wastages, etc. The accounting used to study the various aspects of cost is known as cost accounting. In this lesson, you will learn about meaning, importance, limitations etc. of cost accounting. Notes OBJECTIVES After studying this lesson, you will be able to: state the meaning and scope of cost accounting; explain the objectives of cost accounting; differentiate between cost accounting and financial accounting; state importance of cost accounting; explain limitations of cost accounting. 27.1 MEANING AND SCOPE OF COST ACCOUNTING Cost accounting is the process of determining and accumulating the cost of product or activity. It is a process of accounting for the incurrence and the control of cost. It also covers classification, analysis, and interpretation of cost. In other words, it is a system of accounting, which provides...
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...- 6B Elementary Cost Accounting Notes 95 Cost Accounting : An Introduction ACCOUNTANCY After passing your senior secondary examination, if you set up a small manufacturing unit, say manufacturing of packing boxes, a problem will arise what price of each box you should quote to the buyer. Many factors are considered while fixing the price of a product/item such as competitors’ price etc. One of the basic factors is the cost of its production. Cost is essential not only to fix price but also to ascertain the margin of profit. Knowledge of the cost determination is also necessary to keep a check on the cost of product/control on wastages, etc. The accounting used to study the various aspects of cost is known as cost accounting. In this lesson, you will learn about meaning, importance, limitations etc. of cost accounting. OBJECTIVES After studying this lesson, you will be able to: state the meaning and scope of cost accounting; explain the objectives of cost accounting; differentiate between cost accounting and financial accounting; state importance of cost accounting; explain limitations of cost accounting. 27.1 MEANING AND SCOPE OF COST ACCOUNTING Cost accounting is the process of determining and accumulating the cost of product or activity. It is a process of accounting for the incurrence and the control of cost. It also covers classification, analysis, and interpretation of cost. In other words, it is a system of accounting, which provides the ...
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...Introduction It is not easy to fully describe these words (finance and accounting) as both have very wide meanings and applications in the business world. Most business has an aim to make profit and to remain solvent and the above two concepts play an important role in achieving this objective. This paper aims to answer the above questions and further goes on to say why both should and are considered a vital part of business and their importance in the whole business set up. Literature Review Accounting has been defined as the soul of the business (Collin P, 2004). Accounting is described as the means by which information is communicated in a firm, and is thus known as the language of business. Accounting is described as a vital function in preventing fraud and corporate corruptions in organisations (Glautier, M.W.E. and B. Underdown, Accounting theory and practice). Accounting is important as it provides information to external parties (stakeholders) by providing a true picture on the business financial position. Finance is described as an administrative function aimed at raising funds for the business (B.B Howard. Introduction to Business Finance). Finance is aimed to maximise the value of the firm and attain the main objectives of the firm; I. Shareholders wealth maximisation II. Profit maximisation This is achieved by determining the optimum capital structure and the efficient utilisation of resources by analysing risk and return (B. B Howard. Introduction to Business...
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...Ch.1-1 The city of Sacramento, California published their Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) in December 2014 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014. The CAFR breaks down and explains the financial accounting for the city during that time. Under both federal and state law, this report is in compliance with the accountability required so the voters can see how the money the city collects and receives is utilized. They cite the Article IX of the City’s Charter to prove accountability and establish a third party verification of the report. Article IX allows under Section 44 for an independent auditor to review and certify the CAFR is accurate. Under this review, they describe the charter-government functions of Sacramento. The Introduction Letter is broken down into distinct sections, each touching on various operational aspects of the city including estimated population, services the government provides to the populace, and overview of the city’s profile. This profile includes the location and general statistics of the city itself. One section of the introduction letter is how the financial funds the city uses are set and defined. There are four separate, legal entities that make up the fiscal operations of the City. In discussing the current and future plans of the city, a positive note was reported that the city, using funds collected from Measure U, a ½ cent increase of sales and use taxes, provided enough extra funding for the city to maintain general...
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...An Examination of LBJ Distribution Company Internal Controls Infrastructure Pre IPO ACCT 504: Financial Accounting Keller Graduate School of Management Professor Ganesh Pandit Date: February 9, 2014 Pre IPO Examination of LBJ Distribution Company Internal Controls Infrastructure Prepared for: President, LBJ Distribution Company Prepared By: Véron S.A. Lake Company: LLMCO Date: 9 February 2014 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Purpose 4 Legal Requirement of Internal Controls 5 IPO Readiness: Financial Internal Controls 5 IPO Readiness: Recommendations 6 Reliable Monthly Reports 6 Adequate Staffing of Financial Departments 6 Implementation of Audit Infrastructure 6 IPO Readiness: LBJ Internal Control Strengths 7 Pre-numbered Invoices 7 Recommendations: Indelible Ink Machine 7 IPO Readiness: LBJ Internal Control Weaknesses 7 Staffing: Accounting Department 7 Staffing: Human Resource Department 8 Recommendations: Handling Petty Cash 8 Recommendations: IT Department Physical Controls 9 Conclusion 9 Works Cited 10 Introduction A company going public today is different than what it was in the dot com era; this is because the IPO landscape has changed significantly in the last decade (KPMG, 2013). Recently experts has seen compression in the markets, decreasing or shifting mergers and acquisition activity, faltering businesses and more scrutiny on balance sheets and company cash as well as access to capital (KPMG, 2013; Morgan...
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... Introduction Part: 1 Social Relevance of Accounting Information 1.1. Accounting Standards 1.2. Need for Accounting Standards Part 2: Types of Accounting Standards Rules Based Accounting Principle Based Accounting System Part: 3 Comparisons of Principle and Rules Based Accounting Standards Conceptual Framework Flexibility of Rules and Principles International Accounting Platform Comparability of Financial Statements Realistic Representation of Accounting Information Part:4 Findings of the Research Study Part :5 Conclusion Reference Appendix Appendix 1: Narration on Figure 1 - Qualities of Accounting Information Abstract The proposed research paper attempts to illustrate the importance of a global accounting system and the impact of standards on the global market, as well as, providing the means for comparable financial reporting for decision making by both investors and corporations. This research provides understanding about the major differences of a Rules-based and Principal Based Accounting Systems, including the benefits and drawbacks of such a shift. Proponents of principles-based accounting blame the Rules-Based Accounting System for the major accounting scandals. They believe that the Rules-Based system encourages the use of financial structuring to achieve desired accounting results, which will undermine the quality of financial reporting. Supporters of rules-based accounting argue that principles-based accounting relies...
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...An Examination of LBJ Distribution Company Internal Controls Infrastructure Pre IPO ACCT 504: Financial Accounting Keller Graduate School of Management Professor Ganesh Pandit Date: February 9, 2014 Pre IPO Examination of LBJ Distribution Company Internal Controls Infrastructure Prepared for: President, LBJ Distribution Company Prepared By: Véron S.A. Lake Company: LLMCO Date: 9 February 2014 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Purpose 4 Legal Requirement of Internal Controls 5 IPO Readiness: Financial Internal Controls 5 IPO Readiness: Recommendations 6 Reliable Monthly Reports 6 Adequate Staffing of Financial Departments 6 Implementation of Audit Infrastructure 6 IPO Readiness: LBJ Internal Control Strengths 7 Pre-numbered Invoices 7 Recommendations: Indelible Ink Machine 7 IPO Readiness: LBJ Internal Control Weaknesses 7 Staffing: Accounting Department 7 Staffing: Human Resource Department 8 Recommendations: Handling Petty Cash 8 Recommendations: IT Department Physical Controls 9 Conclusion 9 Works Cited 10 Introduction A company going public today is different than what it was in the dot com era; this is because the IPO landscape has changed significantly in the last decade (KPMG, 2013). Recently experts has seen compression in the markets, decreasing or shifting mergers and acquisition activity, faltering businesses and more scrutiny on balance sheets and company cash as well as access to capital (KPMG, 2013; Morgan...
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