...A Critical Review of Corruption and the Watchdog Role of the News Media by Sheila Coronel Introduction In Corruption and the Watchdog Role of the News Media, Sheila Coronel presents the role of media as a watchdog to keep the government in check. Coronel also examines the actual situation of the “watchdogging” by the media including its vulnerabilities to certain factors such as globalization, deregulation, economic impact, culture and many more. She presents the scenario in a form of research in which she shares her arguments and analysis as a veteran investigative journalist. This paper will review Coronel’s research as well as her primary arguments including her policy recommendations, and will evaluate the quality of Coronel’s research, writing, and focus. Summary Coronel begins his paper by reviewing the general premise of media as a watchdog of the society in monitoring government and exposing its excesses. She presents evidences on the retraction of this role around the world thanks to “globalization, the fall of authoritarian and socialist regimes, and the deregulation of the media worldwide.” To ponder on the watchdog role of media, Coronel asks the following important questions: Is the press acting as watchdog always desirable? In countries where the media are hobbled by draconian state restrictions or driven largely by the imperatives of profit-obsessed markets, is such a role even possible? What enabling conditions make a watchdog press...
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...created because the women involved in philanthropic causes are generally from the middle- and upper-class. The question that was whether this was self-police and policing of others was raised. Was it that some women were morally superior? In other words, with relation to sex work or ‘prostitution,’ can it be seen that the women who want freedom and autonomy in some fashion restrain the freedom of “bad women.” Moreover, in connection to how women may have felt the need to go out and carve out their own profession, it seems plausible that women’s role in the 18th and 19th century as caregivers in the realm of home was a catalyze in propelling women into charity work. Nevertheless, is Agustin’s argument still valid and is she perhaps too harsh on the people doing good, considering that her argument is that by doing good someone else is always punished? In general, however, “Rise of Social” seemed to be in some manners disconnected. The main themes were the victims’ discourse, Foucault’s power-knowledge, and families entering the public sphere. With regards to the Fox News film clip, it was undoubtedly a sensationalized health project that projected sex work in an inherently biased fashion. With a conservative right spin, the clip illustrated a situation that...
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...journalism, fuelled by profitability in the wake of government reductions in subsidies. In addition to political liberalisation, competitive media markets, and degrees of social and political ferment, journalistic and entrepreneurial agency is a factor, fostered by the protection of journalists from physical harm, jail, harassment through lawsuits, and restrictions on access to information. The watchdog and the market: The contradictory nature of the market is described as: "On one hand, market liberalization and competition have encouraged the emergence of, and in many places, also sustained, investigative reporting. But at the same time, market pressures are a major obstacle to its continued viability.” Where donor funding is available, non-profits sometimes take on the watchdog role. "They fill a gap in media systems where market, ownership, or political pressures make investigative reporting by commercial or state-owned media difficult if not impossible. These centers are involved in training and reporting and serve as models of excellence that are helping raise the standards of local journalism. Elsewhere, startup ventures by individual journalists are taking the lead in cutting-edge investigations. In Malaysia, the web-based news site Malaysiakini is filling the information gap in a...
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...The Detection of Gravitational Waves, How Close Are We? Since the realization that the general theory of relativity predicts gravitational waves, there have been attempts to actually detect these waves. Indirect observations have been made that support their existence but no direct measurement. This paper gives a brief explanation of gravitational waves and discusses the current condition of the experimental search for gravitational waves. It deals with the newest techniques that will enable their detection. The focus of the paper is on three experimental groups: LIGO, VIRGO, and LISA. From our research of these groups we believe that the detection of gravitational waves will occur within the next decade. Gravitational waves: Understanding and Detection Gravitational waves carry information about catastrophic events in the universe. We give a brief description of gravitational waves with an overview of the current projects underway to detect them. We begin by discussing the theoretical prediction of gravitational waves from Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. We listseveral possible sources of these waves and describe how they produce gravitational waves. We also discussthe characteristic signals each source sendsto Earth. We outline advantages and challenges for several detection methods now being...
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...Subject: Analysis of a Professional Journal Date: Mar, 31, 2016 Introduction I am evaluating a journal article titled: Algorithmic accountability. The article was published in Digital Journalism, in November 7, 2014. The author of the article is Nicholas Diakopoulos from College of Journalism, University of M aryland . Evaluation This article focuses on the concept of “Algorithmic Accountability Reporting” as a way of investing biases and influences employed by algorithms in todays society and how new age computational journalists should approach it. This article is directed at journalists who are scrutinizing algorithms to understand biases and false analysis portrayed by algorithms. The article is well structured. Text is organized in coherent sections which logically connects the entire article. The article starts with the brief introduction which outlines the points which will be covered in the article. Introduction also answers the questions of – what is this article about, who is the target audience, what are the current issues faced in journalism and how methods described in this article will help address those issue. Author, then mentions few real world examples of software companies which collect user data and then build ingenious algorithms to classify, group and eventually target people for their benefits – and how in doing so – they often open risks and flaws. The author exposes potential flaws by raising very valid questions about the decisions made...
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...their report they would like to see a higher legal standard applied in accessing phone records by government. The report proposed an end to the bulk collection of records, calling on the NSA to approach phone companies and ask for records as when investigators need them on a case-by-case basis. Government officials seemed to open in considering this arrangement but voiced concern that investigative speed may be lost in the interest of privacy protection (Washington Post, 2013) The article argued that for the NSA to make a strong case, it must demonstrate the national security benefit to the program. It further did mentioned of the U.S. District Judge Richard J. Leon who issued an injunction to prevent the bulk collection of the data. His actions gives the government a chance to appeal and he ruled that the NSA phone-records database collection is likely in violation of the Constitution’s Fourth Amendment restrictions on unreasonable searches (Washington Post, 2013). The judge also rejected the applicability of the 1979 ruling that offered no constitutional protection to metadata, with the argument that Americans’ “relationship with technology has changed drastically now that cellphones and...
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...Argument template The given argument presents a couple of assumptions and facts to arrive at the conclusion that ______claim_______, (which in term) _________conclusion_______. The argument cities the (example, survey data) as an evidence in support of its claim that ____________. An overview of the argument would lead the reader to be convinced of the authenticity of the claim made. However, on closer scrutiny / on analyzing the given argument from all perspectives, one can indentify various weak links/loopholes/flaws that make the argument weak/ stand out as conspicuous logical flaws. These flaws are going to be discussed in the succeeding paragraphs. 1 Insufficient / implausible support Firstly, ________________may not be the primary / main reason for ____________. This assumption appears to be illogical as there can be various factors for _________. ______ may be attributes to _________. ________ are all important factors to be considered. Therefore, the claim_____________ seems far-fetched and illogical/ vague / unsound/ambiguous. 2 Confusing correlation with causation Secondly, the claim that ______________ is a classic case of confusing correlation with causation. _________ may in fact ____________. It dose follow that ___________. Perhaps ______________ for entirely different reasons. The claim alone does not suffice as a supportive reason for _________. 3 Basing on current trend Thirdly, the argument holds its relevance on the assumption that the number...
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...of approximately 1,000 women and was, at the time the letter was written, the beneficial owner of a number of Cypress shares. The letter was a form letter, and it carried the stamped signature of Doris Gormley, OSF. In the letter, Sister Doris, speaking for the Sisters of St. Francis of Philadelphia as a Cypress shareholder, expressed the view that a company "is best represented by a Board of qualified Directors reflecting the equality of the sexes, races, and ethnic groups." The letter went on to say that it is the congregation's policy "to withhold authority to vote for nominees of a Board of Directors that does not include women and minorities." In response to the letter, an individual wrote an argument in defense of our current selection process. On top of this defensive argument, the writer outlined the pitfalls associated with investors questioning our practices on the grounds of creating “responsible corporations”. This response letter is detailed and outlines facts and figures to support its claims concerning these pitfalls. Yet, this letter espouses its point using a confrontational tone and terminology designed to insult the intended audience. The individual has also proposed sending this letter to all Cypress shareholders and a select group of sympathetic veterans of the affirmative-action debate. Discussion The response letter can be broken down into three parts. The first part is outlines the current selection process for the board of directors as well...
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...Glossary for Philosophy 101 Logic – the study of argument, the study of inference. Statement/proposition – something that is true or false. Argument – a set of statements, some of which are premises and one of which is the conclusion. The conclusion is said to follow from the premises. Premise – a proposition in an argument from which the conclusion follows. Conclusion – a proposition in an argument which follows from the premise(s). Valid argument – an argument whose structure is such that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true. (Alternative “negative” definition: an argument whose structure is such that it is impossible for its conclusion to be false when its premises are true.) Invalid argument – an argument whose structure is such that it is possible for its conclusion to be false when its premises are true. Sound argument – a valid argument with true premises. Tautology – a proposition which is always true, due to its logical structure. (Self-)Contradiction – a proposition which is always false, due to its logical structure. Contingent proposition – a proposition which can be either true or false, due to its logical structure. reductio ad absurdum – (“reduction to the absurd”), proof by contradiction – a form of argument in which we attempt to reach a contradiction, which is then used to deny the supposition that led to the contradiction. Necessary and sufficient conditions A condition is said to be necessary for something when that condition...
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...well as three examples to support each definition. All answers must be typed – print out a final copy for teacher and self E.C. = +5pts on Quiz and notes if completed by the end of the hour today 1. |wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn | | | | |Definition |Example #1 | |Example: |Claim or argument is rejected on the basis of some irrelevant |Why should your views on welfare reform matter when we all know | |Ad Hominem |fact about the author of or the person presenting the claim or |that your parents make a lot of money. | | |argument | | |Tu Quoque | An attempt to discredit the opponent's position by exposing |Bill: “It is wrong to use animals as clothing. | | |his failure to act consistently in accordance with that |Ted: “But you are wearing a leather jacket.” | | |position. | ...
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...goes on by breaking several of these words down to their base meaning and then places them into context, for example “virtually spotless” a claim made on nearly every dish and laundry cleaning product on the market. The word virtually is used by advertisers as a almost guarantee but actually by definition means not in fact. Several of these weasel words are brought to trial and put to the sword in the same fashion. William Lutz's logos is very powerful in the argument using the words own definition and the advertisements writers lack of context to let it defeat itself. His use of pathos is strong points to warn his readers to look deeper at words such as “like magic” and “helps...”. His ethos in the argument do relay a sense of reliability in the piece, but could be called into question by a more conservative reader for his use of a comical but slightly out of place rewriting psalms 23rd. One problem With These Word I Can Sell You Anything, is a lack of counter argument, or even having room where a counter argument can come into play. An advertiser could argue two strong points ageinst Lutz. One that advertisements aren't written to solely to mislead consumers, and that words like...
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...describe the continuing issue that the United States faces in regards to repeat offenders. In the article "Stopping The Madness: A New Reentry System For Juvenile Corrections." Author's Scott Sells, Irene Sullivan and Donald DeVore focus on some of the reasons that contribute to youth recidivism and programs that can help minimize this issue. Without first determining the causes of the issue we can not begin to address resolutions. This article focuses on an interview as well as studies and evidence based theories tto combat this issue that we are faced with. The artilce discusses issues that contribute to failing reentry programs which ultimately result in high recidivism in young offenders. Although they provide a strong logical argument, and sufficient evidence the authors do not go into detail the effects of implementing such facilities will have on those who do not have family. Also the authors reasoning for implementing the PLL program is justified but can come across as bias. "Look this was my second committment and here's the problem. I went from this totally structured environment for eight long months back to a totally unstructured home with no real plan before i left [residential]. I am going back to the same home [life]...
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...CETM11 Portfolio item 1 –A comparative literature review This is worth 30% of your module The following learning outcomes are assessed: Knowledge 1. A critical appreciation of the nature of research and the goals of academic reading, information searching and communication. 2 A critical appreciation of the clarity, scientific approach and structure of academic writing. This item will allow you to get feedback on skills that you need to help with the Research Plan in Portfolio item 2. TASK You are required to do a comparative literature review of the following topics (you may need to customise the title to include the domain) Choose one of the following topics on which to do a comparative literature review (word limit 2000 words): * The impact of personality traits of the project leaders in project success * Managing change management * Communication skills and project success * Network security and social networking * The role of effective IT management strategies in organisations * Assessing risks in home and public access wireless networks * Ethics in the design of business applications You may find the Q5 technique useful to map out the structure of each paper before you do the review. The task You will select a topic then find two or more academic papers that address the topic. You are required to write a comparative review of the topic from the perspective of these papers. This may require you to examine several schools of thought...
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...or a phrase that makes something less important, gives a way out if challenged, and specific words to upscale something. Class two devices succeed on unwarranted assumptions. Class three, which is my favorite, is humor or exaggeration. I use this one all the time and never realized that there was a specific name for what I was doing. Class four is using or conforming a definition to meet your needs. The devices when used properly can captivate the audience. If they are used wrong it can get the audience in an uproar very quickly. If the author or speaker uses these devises the way they are intended to one could not argue against them and they would have an air tight opinion. A very experienced person using these devices can convey their argument to any group and have them at least stop and think. If these devices are once again used correctly the claims that are made could sound extremely creditable. It will once again depend on how they are used and if confronted how the author could explain his claims without skipping a beat. If he had to think about the confrontation before he responded I believe that his claims would take a hit, but if his rebutted immediately then that would save him and his...
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...propositions. eg.I am taller than you, It is raining, She will win the race. Premise- A statement that is offered in support of a conclusion Conclusion - A statement that is held to be supported by a premise or premises eg. All whales are mammals. Moby Dick is a whale. Moby Dick is a mammal. Argument- a set of statements one of which (the conclusion) is taken to be supported by the remaining statements (the premises). • The conclusion is what the speaker wants you to accept. • The premises state the reasons or evidence for accepting the conclusion. Inference- is the process of reasoning from a premise (or premises) to a conclusion (or conclusions) based on those premises. Explanation- tells you why something happened. Argument- tells you why you should believe something. • Arguments have something to prove; explanations do not. eg. 1. Adam stole the money, for three people saw him do it. 2. Adam stole the money because he needed to buy food. Premise-Indicator words: Since, Because, For, as, given that, inasmuch as, for the reason that Conclusion Indicator Words: Thus, Therefore, Hence, Entail(s), it follows that, we may conclude, consequently, so In arguments, premises do not always come before conclusions; conclusions do not always come after premises eg. Religious beliefs cannot be proven. If something is a matter...
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