...In the year of 1643, a magnificent scientist passed on, but another was born. Isaac Newton entered this world the same year Galileo left it, and he became one of the most famous scientists of all time. (“How Isaac Newton Changed the World”, 2008, para. 7) He explored a wide range of topics and made many groundbreaking discoveries, but he is most famous for his law of gravitation. The name Isaac Newton might bring the image of an old man getting hit in the head by a falling apple, but in reality, he’s much more than that. He shaped the way we view things today, and has accomplished everything despite having an exceedingly depressing backstory. Newton was born January 4th, 1643, and nobody expected him to amount to much (or live, for that matter)....
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...Abstract When reading about Isaac Newton, he is presented as a physicist and mathematician. One whom through his exquisite work formulated, amongst other; the laws of motion, universal gravity, and is considered one of the founders of calculus. Although his work has been widely accepted as major stepping stones in what became known as the scientific revolution, the significance of religion in Isaac’s life can often be overshadowed by his accomplishments. This paper seeks to explore the religious views of Isaac Newton and how these views helped shape him into the legendary scientist he was to become. In order to understand the significance of Isaac Newton the Christian, we must first indulge ourselves in the times that he lived his life. His views tended to steer away from popular belief, which forced him to become very private and elusive about his faith. But, if we are to understand how a mind like Newton’s could change the course of history, we must begin with the man behind the book, and the religious views that drove him. Keywords: Newton, Christianity, Science, Heresy, Principa Isaac Newton and Religion Isaac Newton, the Christian Despite being born into an Angelistic household, Isaac Newton never seemed to be overly fond of attending church or strictly following the Angelic faith. He even went so far as to at a point question the King James Bible on, amongst other things, the “three in heaven”, as he claimed that the older Greek Bibles did not mention such a thing...
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...Name Professor Course Date Isaac Newton the Last Magician Biography This is a one hour movie documentary narrated by Helen McCrory trying to give an insight to the life of Isaac newton and how he changed our understanding about how the universe works. The documentary asks question to experts of the history surrounding Isaac newton. In the documentary Isaac newton is brought out as a pessimist as he would enjoy his own company, his life revolved around research and a lot of studying in the laboratory in religious activities like heretical, alchemy and also the study if the hidden. Newton did not believe anything that he read, this was evident when he was the age of twenty one by declining to agree with scientific research which was more than two millennia old and decided to come up with his own through conclusion and to do this he had to perform a number of experiments. We get the notion that he was a skeptic and anything could be questioned of its legitimacy. Newton had a secretive life that came to light two hundred years after his death, this was his passion for cultic behavior where he considered himself a scientific Christ who was sent to save the world from scientific fiction, this is ironic as he was also born on Christmas morning just like Jesus the messiah in the bible. He is called the last magician because after his death there has not been any other iconic person like he was that has made a fraction of the changes in science that he did. His discoveries...
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...information on this page is available on theKid's Page. | The motion of an aircraft through the air can be explained and described by physical principals discovered over 300 years ago by Sir Isaac Newton. Newton worked in many areas of mathematics and physics. He developed the theories ofgravitation in 1666, when he was only 23 years old. Some twenty years later, in 1686, he presented his three laws of motion in the "Principia Mathematica Philosophiae Naturalis." The laws are shown above, and the application of these laws to aerodynamics are given on separate slides.Newton's first law states that every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force. This is normally taken as the definition of inertia. The key point here is that if there is no net force acting on an object (if all the external forces cancel each other out) then the object will maintain a constant velocity. If that velocity is zero, then the object remains at rest. If an external force is applied, the velocity will change because of the force.The second law explains how the velocity of an object changes when it is subjected to an external force. The law defines aforce to be equal to change in momentum (mass times velocity) per change in time. Newton also developed the calculus of mathematics, and the "changes" expressed in the second law are most accurately defined in differential forms. (Calculus can also be used to...
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...At his death on 20 March 1727,[1] Isaac Newton left papers relating to all areas of the intellectual pursuits he had followed since arriving at Trinity College, Cambridge, in the summer of 1661.[2] His friend, relative by marriage (to Newton's half-niece Catherine Barton) and successor at the Mint, John Conduitt, posted a bond for Newton's debts and claimed entitlement to this material, Newton having died intestate. The appraisers, Comyns and Ward, felt that only the papers later published as Newton's Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended were fit to be published, and they valued the work at £250.[3] Between 20 and 26 May 1727, Thomas Pellet drew up an inventory listing 81 items of which he considered only five fit to be printed, namely no. 33 ('de Motu Corporum or the liber secundus, in 56 half sheets in folio');[4] no. 38 ('31 half sheets in folio being paradoxical questions concerning Athanasius');[5] no. 61 ('an imperfect mathematical tract');[6] no. 80 ('an abstract of the Chronology being 12 half sheets in folio & the Chronology being 92 half sheets in folio'),[7] and no. 81 ('40 half sheets in folio being the History of the Prophecies in 10 chapters & part of the 11th unfinished').[8] As is evident from a number of manuscripts adorned with Conduitt's notes and corrections -- for example the manuscript of 'An historical account of two notable corruptions of Scripture in a Letter to a Friend' (now New College, Oxford, Ms. 361.4) -- he took a serious scholarly interest...
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...Isaac Newton Biography On January 4, 1643 in Woolsthorpe, England one of the greatest scientists of all time, Isaac Newton, was born. Isaac Newton’s first major scientific discovery was the refractive telescope, which is used to gather and focus light. Newton is also well known for his discovery of the color spectrum but nothing can compare to his greatest accomplishment, the three laws of motion. His first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia, states “Every object persists in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed on it.” Which means that without an outside force acting on an object the object will continue at a constant pace. However, if an outside force acts on an objecting it will change speed and direction according to the amount of force applied. The second law of motion states ” Force is equal to the change in momentum per change in time. For a constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration.” This means that an objects change of momentum is equal to the amount of force causing it to change. Newton’s third and final law states “For every action there is a equal and opposite reaction.” This means that as one object hits the other it is giving an equal force...
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...– Thompson Biography of Isaac Newton Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727), English natural philosopher, generally regarded as the most original and influential theorist in the history of science. In addition to his invention of the infinitesimal calculus and a new theory of light and color, Newton transformed the structure of physical science with his three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. As the keystone of the scientific revolution of the 17th century, Newton's work combined the contributions of Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Descartes, and others into a new and powerful synthesis. Three centuries later the resulting structure - classical mechanics - continues to be a useful but no less elegant monument to his genius. Life & Character - Isaac Newton was born prematurely on Christmas day 1642 (4 January 1643, New Style) in Woolsthorpe, a hamlet near Grantham in Lincolnshire. The posthumous son of an illiterate yeoman (also named Isaac), the fatherless infant was small enough at birth to fit 'into a quartpot.' When he was barely three years old Newton's mother, Hanna (Ayscough), placed her first born with his grandmother in order to remarry and raise a second family with Barnabas Smith, a wealthy rector from nearby North Witham. Much has been made of Newton's posthumous birth, his prolonged separation from his mother, and his unrivaled hatred of his stepfather. Until Hanna returned to Woolsthorpe in 1653 after the death of her second husband, Newton was denied...
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...2013- 2014 A Requirement in Mathematics IV: Calculus Controversy: Leibniz vs. Newton by Noronsalih Ali, Jra Submitted to Ms. Moneerah A. Bint- Usman Dedication I would like to dedicate this research to my adviser, teacher Monie. And to all of the people who inspired me, especially my parents for their support and to God for giving me enough knowledge to make this study successful. Acknowledgement Abstract This research explores more about the history of the two Mathematicians and how did they invent calculus with the same idea. This is a study about a controversy in Mathematics where Sir Isaac and Gottfried von Leibniz were involved. It tackles about who was the real father of calculus and who gets the credit of inventing it. Inside this paper, the researcher will also discuss a brief summary about Calculus, and short biography of the Mathematicians that were involved in this matter. Many people debates about this matter and we will also tackle some of it in this study. Introduction: So who really invented calculus first? Was it Sir Isaac Newton or Gottfried von Leibniz? Well let's do some investigation. There is no doubt about it that Newton and Leibniz made great mathematical breakthroughs but even before they began studying Calculus there were other people such as Archimedes and Euclid who discovered the infinite and infinitesimal. Much of Newton and Leibniz's work was based off of previous discoveries of the subject. In this controversy...
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... and a good seller about their products. Historically, using successful sports stars has been a typical characteristic of Nike’s commercial. Michael Jordan was one of their main promoters. They are using a lot of rhetorical techniques like ethos, pathos and logos to catch consumers’ attention. Its successful visual appealing makes consumers cannot escape even take a glance of it and want to buy their products. Briefly Introduce the Visual Content of the Ads 1. This advertisement is a Nike advertisement in the old time. 2. It shows a famous basketball player, Michael Jordan, in the air about to most finish off a slam dunk. There are two lines of words in large size on the top right of the advertisement, showing “Michael Jordan: 1, Isaac Newton: 0” this shows that Michael Jordan is basically defying gravity by being that high up in the air. Thus, this goes against Newton’s law of Universal gravitation. 3. Below these two lines, there is a logo of Nike Company----a check mark. The whole design of this ad is very simple and clear. Rhetorical Analysis of the Ads: Ethos, Pathos and Logos. Ethos: 1. The use of ethos is clearly delineated by endorse Michael Jordan. 2. He is a world famous basketball star and has a good reputation. 3. He is wearing Nike shoes in the ad and Jumping that high in the air. His reputation makes audiences and consumers to believe the high quality of Nike shoes. 4. The Jordan ad carried a secondary effect that the capacity to relate to the consumer...
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...Hennig Brand discovered phosphorus in 1669, in Hamburg, Germany, preparing it from urine. (Urine naturally contains considerable quantities of dissolved phosphates.) Brand called the substance he had discovered ‘cold fire’ because it was luminous, glowing in the dark. He did not reveal his method publicly, choosing instead to sell it to Johann Daniel Kraft and Kunckel von Lowenstern. For further payment he also revealed his secret to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, better known for discovering calculus independently of Isaac Newton. Leibniz, also thinking as an alchemist, mistakenly believed Brand might be able to discover the philosophers’ stone by producing a large quantity of phosphorus. Brand’s method is believed to have consisted of evaporating urine to leave a black residue that was then left for a few months. The residue was then heated with sand, driving off a variety of gases and oils which were condensed in water. The final substance to be driven off, condensing as a white solid, was phosphorus. This was a typically alchemical method – alchemists examined the properties of body fluids, hoping to better understand living things in their search for the philosophers’ stone, which they believed offered the prospect of eternal life. Brand’s method became more widely known in 1737 when an unknown person sold it to the Academy of Sciences in Paris. Phosphorus was produced by this method until the 1770s when Swedish scientist Carl Wilhelm Scheele – the discoverer of chlorine and...
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...scientist must be curious about the world Example: Galileo Galileo's curiosity about the heavenly bodies made him the first person to use a telescope to study the moon, the sun, the planets and the stars. 2. A scientist is logical and systematic Example: Among the reasons why Gregor Mendel discovered the principles of heredity when others have failed was his logical experimental methods and his careful and accurate record keeping. 3. A scientist is open-minded and free of bias Example: An open-minded person is one who can modify plans or discard hypotheses if necessary. One such person was Johannes Kepler who was hired to develop evidence that planets moved along perfect circles. 4. A scientist is intellectually honest Example: Isaac Newton built his laws of motion on the previous work of Galileo and others. 5. A scientist works hard and is persistent Example: Marie Curie was the first person ever to be awarded the Nobel Prize twice. It was not surprising considering how hard she worked. 6. A scientist does not jump to conclusions Example: John Dalton's atomic theory was backed by experimental evidence. He was not the first to propose that the atom was the smallest particle of matter, but he was the first to use experimental evidence to support his theory. 7. A scientist is a creative and critical thinker Example: Albert Einstein was able to derive his theory of relativity because he went beyond what was given and known at that time. He saw links and connections where...
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...methods, however. Over time, a step-by-step process of discovery evolved that became known as the scientific method.to explain the data, scientists used reasoning to propose a logical hypothesis, or possible explanation. The 1500s and 1600s saw drmatic changes in many branches of science, especially medicine and chemistry. Medieval physicians relied on the works of the ancient physician Galen. In the early 1540s, French physician Amroise Pare developed a new and more effective ointment for preventing infection. The branch of sciene now called chemistry was in medieval times called alchemy. In the 1600s, English chemist Robert Boyle refined the alchemists' view of chemicals as basic building blocks. As a student in England, Issac Newton devoured the works of the...
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...here: 3. What are the five steps in the scientific method? Type your response here: 4. Why did most Medieval philosophers and scientists feel that experimentation was unnecessary? Type your response here: 5. Why did the Enlightenment writer Voltaire get into so much trouble in France and elsewhere? Type your response here: Part 2 Write a well-developed essay of two to three paragraphs on one of the topics below. Make sure you use specific information from this lesson and, if need be, from previous lessons. Proofread your essay to eliminate errors in grammar and spelling. (Each question is worth 15 points) 1. Choice #1: Compare and contrast the careers of Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton. What discoveries did each make? How were their methods similar or different? How were both received by the religious and political authorities of the day? A complete answer will include an assessment of the political and cultural climate in which each thinker lived. Choice#2: Write an essay explaining how the Scientific Revolution influenced Enlightenment thinkers in other disciplines. Your essay should mention at least two of the following thinkers and topics:...
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...“Response on the Anthropic Principle” The Anthropic Principle, formally proposed at a conference in Poland by Brandon Carter in 1973, is a theory that strongly suggests that humanity holds a special place in the Universe. This topic has become widely discussed and debated topic among scientists. Two branches of the theory are the strong anthropic principle (SAP) and the weak anthropic principle (WAP). The SAP states, “The Universe must have those properties which allow life to develop within it at some stage in its history” (www.physics.sfsu.edu). This branch of the anthropic principle has commonly been used in the argument for intelligent design (ID), which puts forth the proposition that a designer is responsible for the balance of the laws of mathematics and physics that ultimately hold our universe together. The WAP says, “The observed values of all physical and cosmological quantities are not equally probable but they take on the values restricted by the requirement that there exist sites where carbon-based life can evolve and by the requirement that the Universe be old enough for it to have already done so” (www.physics.sfsu.edu). This is simply saying that if people were not here to observe and if the universe did not work as it does, then we could not ask why we are here and why the universe works like it does. Although the SAP and WAP are somewhat different, ultimately they both appear to agree that human life is special given all of the circumstances it takes for us...
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...its most famous proponent Sir Isaac Newton. The basic framework of the theory states that due to natural laws of the universe that everything obeys, there can be no such thing as freedom. Sir Isaac Newton is incorrect in his theory, physical determinism does not indicate whether or not freedom is possible in our reality. Like many other scientists, Sir Isaac Newton believed in the concept of universal causation. Universal causation means simply that there is a cause for everything that occurs in the universe, and that one event leads to another event. In Ethics: Theory and Practice by Jacques P. Thiroux and Keith W. Krasemann, they point out that most scientists believe in this for one main reason. In their search for reasoning and acuity for predictions freedom is physically not possible. Thiroux and Krasemann tell us Sir Isaac Newton was a firm believer that, “…our entire realm of nature and the universe is governed by natural laws…” (4). Many of the laws that he speaks of are the ones that he discovered himself, such as his famous three laws and the law of gravity. Sir Newton reasoned that, because humans are also physical beings, they controlled by these laws. There are some issues that arise from this theory however. Thiroux and Krasemann go on to point out that if all of these laws are completely true then there is no true freedom for anyone.(4) If there is truly no freedom then we are all bound just by the laws that Sir Newton talks about. Humans are no more...
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