...Cologne Chania Calvi Copenhagen Catania Damascus Dubrovnik Delhi Djerba Dalaman Moscow Dnepropetrovsk Donetsk Country Denmark Spain Switzerland Russia Spain Netherlands Greece Sweden Turkey Greece France Turkey Romania Spain Serbia United Kingdom Turkey Thailand Italy Bulgaria India Germany Italy United Kingdom Belgium France Hungary Croatia Italy Egypt France Greece Germany Greece France Denmark Italy Syrian Croatia India Tunisia Turkey Russia Ukraine Ukraine DRS DUB DUS DXB EBL EDI EFL EMA ERF ESB EVN EXT FAO FCO FDH FLR FMO FNC FRA FUE GOJ GOT GPA GRZ GVA GYD HAJ HAM HEL HER HRG HRK IAD IAS IBZ IKA INN IST IVL JED JFK JKH JMK JNX JSI JTR Dresden Dublin Dusseldorf Dubai Erbil Edinburgh Kefallinia Nottingham Erfurt Ankara Yerevan Exeter Faro Rome Friedrichshafen Florence Muenster Madeira Frankfurt Fuerteventura Nizhniy Novgorod Gothenburg Patras Graz Geneva Baku Hanover Hamburg Helsinki Heraklion Hurghada Kharkov Washington Iasi Ibiza Tehran Innsbruck Istanbul Ivalo Jjeddah New York Chios Mykonos Naxos Skiathos Thira Germany Ireland Germany United Arab Emirates Iraq United Kingdom Greece United Kingdom Germany Turkey Armenia United Kingdom Portugal Italy Germany Italy Germany Portugal Germany Spain Russia Sweden Greece Austria Switzerland Azerbaijan Germany Germany Finland Greece Egypt Ukraine USA Romania Spain Iran Austria Turkey Finland Saudi arabia USA Greece Greece Greece Greece...
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...The Unification of Italy and Germany During the nineteenth century, two nations disrupted the balance of power in Europe (Spielvogel 663). The unification of Italy and the unification of Germany were the new nation that disrupted the balance of power (Spielvogel 663). Count Camillo di Cavour, Italy, and Count Otto von Bismarck, Germany, are the reason these nations are able to exist and become unified during this time period (Spielvogel 663-669). Both men shared beliefs; however, they had strategies that differed. Furthermore, without both of these men, present day Germany and Italy would not be possible (Spielvogel 663-669). Italy’s first push for revolution was during the years 1848-1849, where they were unsuccessful (Spielvogel 663)....
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...Hitler, Mussolini and the British, 1935-36 The year 1935 began with the question of Germany getting back its coal producing Saar region – a region just south of independent Luxembourg, and about as big. The treaty that had ended World War I, signed at Versailles, had entrusted the Saar region to the League of Nations and an occupation by France, and a plebiscite was to decide the region's future. A little over two thousand people (0.4 percent) in the Saar voted to join France; nine percent voted to remain under the League of Nations; and ninety percent voted to join Germany. Hitler responded by saying he was proud of the German people. He announced that Germany had no more territorial claims against France (in other words no claim on Alsace and Lorraine) and he spoke of hope that the decision regarding the Saar was a decisive step on the road to gradual reconciliation with Germany's former enemies. Instead of moving closer to reconciliation, as the year progressed Europe moved closer to war. In 1935 Britain announced an increase in armaments, and the French increased conscripted military service from one to two years because of a shortage of young men of draft age. Hitler said he was responding to the failure of other European powers to disarm and to the Soviet Union having enlarged its military forces. He announced to the world that Germany was rearming, that he was establishing military conscription, enlarging Germany's army to thirty-six divisions and increasing Germany's...
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...Disenchantment of France, Italy, Bolshevik Russia and the defeated powers; implications of the USA’s failure to ratify the settlement French aims for Paris Peace Conference * France naturally wished to limit the Germany military as much as possible so future attacks would be impossible. France was angry at the unprovoked Schlieffen Plan which had led to death of over 1.3 million French soldiers aswell as had caused destruction of most of northern France. Losses and damages were tremendous and as a result France wanted to guarantee that Germany could never attack again. * Beside this France demanded the return of provinces Alsace and Lorraine. These had been annexed by Germany during the Franco-Prussian war. * France also desired the creation of the state of Poland, aswell as other states in central Europe such as Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia to balance German power. * France also wanted an independent Rhineland state which would weaken German economically. * France also wanted Saar as a compensation for war. French dissatisfaction with Treaty of Versailles * Georges Clemenceau, Prime Minister of France, did not get everything he wanted out of the Treaty. He was satisfied with Clause 231 (which blamed Germany for the war), the disarmament clauses of the treaty, getting back Alsace-Lorraine, and being given Germany colonies as mandates on behalf of the League of Nations. * But even this did not go far enough. Clemenceau had wanted Germany weakened to...
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...Why Germany Lost World War I Since the beginning of World War I, Germany fought through a great number of boundaries no one thought could be broken. With the help of their Allies, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, Germany managed to gain the upper hand the year following the start of the war. Up until the Battle of the Somme on July 1st, 1916, Germany and the other central powers were hoping to quickly defeat the Allies. These hopes were soon to be discouraged as Germany starts to struggle on account of its insufficient Allies and the lack of supplies due in part to the British blockade. Being that Germany was geographically surrounded by foes, it was near impossible for the newly formed country to gain access to outside supplies. When the United States entered the war on the Allies side in 1917, the fate of the Germans was practically sealed. These factors worked against the central powers, and allowed the Allies to put an end to World War I victoriously. On August 1st, 1914, Germany mobilized their army and declared war on Russia. The following day, Germany waged war on Belgium after demanding to allow the German army to cross its borders. On August 3rd, Germany declared war on France and invaded Belgium, which causes Britain to declare war on Germany shortly thereafter. A domino effect takes place during this short period in 1914 that causes World War I. By now, Germany was forced to divide their great army to fight a two-front war against France and Russia...
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...to its powerbase. With land being the primary means of travel between the East and West, having control of the corridor would be extremely favorable for any leading power to impose taxes, control the flow of goods, and serve as a barrier against future invaders. Before 1914 the five Great Powers; Great Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia controlled Europe. In order to avoid conflict early on, the major powers went through great lengths to maintain a balance of power constructed from a complex network of political and military alliances throughout the continent. Germany was the chief orchestrator of these alliances when is first made a secret alliance with Austria-Hungary in 1879 (Duffy, "The Causes of World War One"). Three years later Italy joined this “Dual Alliance” to form the Triple Alliance because it was annoyed with France for stopping its plans to colonize North Africa. In 1870 Germany’s industrial and economic power had grown greatly after the unification and the foundation of an empire built from the Old Prussian Empire. Tucker and Wheeler provide excellent details of how Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck, who successfully united Germany, carefully and tactfully, planned treaties with the other Great Powers. Strategically, for the sake the...
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...Talis Brunovskis MIS 235 SEC D 1. SELECT lastname, firstname, employeeid, title, city, region, reportsto, hiredate FROM MIS235.employees ORDER BY hiredate LASTNAME | FIRSTNAME | EMPLOYEEID | TITLE | CITY | REGION | REPORTSTO | HIREDATE | Leverling | Janet | 3 | Sales Representative | Kirkland | WA | 2 | 14-AUG-05 | Davolio | Nancy | 1 | Sales Representative | Seattle | WA | 2 | 13-SEP-05 | Fuller | Andrew | 2 | Vice President, Sales | Tacoma | WA | | 27-DEC-05 | Peacock | Margaret | 4 | Sales Representative | Redmond | WA | 2 | 15-SEP-06 | Suyama | Michael | 6 | Sales Representative | London | | 5 | 01-MAR-07 | Buchanan | Steven | 5 | Sales Manager | London | | 2 | 01-MAR-07 | King | Robert | 7 | Sales Representative | London | | 5 | 17-MAY-07 | Callahan | Laura | 8 | Inside Sales Coordinator | Seattle | WA | 2 | 20-MAY-07 | Dodsworth | Anne | 9 | Sales Representative | London | | 5 | 29-MAR-08 | 2. COMPANYNAME | CONTACTNAME | COUNTRY | Refrescos Americanas LTDA | Carlos Diaz | Brazil | Ma Maison | Jean-Guy...
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...after the Franco-Prussian war in 1870, Germany became the European strongest power until the fall of Germany in 1914. The unification of Germany brought about changes to the European diplomatic scene, with the appointment of Otto von Bismarck as the German chancellor in 1871 by Kaiser Williams 1, he reorganized the German military and increased industrialization in Germany. Through Bismarck’s political strategies Germany was able to become European’s instrument for peace and balance of power. According to some research we realize that during the reign of Napoleon Bonarphte coalition were also formed against the French aggression, therefore we can say the alliance systems had been occurring in Europe before the coming of Bismarck, but for the purpose of our study the system of alliance that was going to change the political order of Europe, both in the east and west was formed between 1871-1907. This system of alliance was not aggressive but gradually it generated into the outbreak of the First World War which occurred as a result to the Balkan crisis and various territorial dispute in Africa and Europe.The alliance system was started by Bismarck, the German chancellor from 1871-1890. After the franco-prussian war, Bismarck held that Germany was a “satiated state” which should give up the ideas of expansion or further conquest. Thus Bismarck organized system of alliances designed to maintain Germany’s hegemony on the European continent. France was determined to challenge the...
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...Nazi Germany and the Spanish Civil War Continuity in Hitler’s Foreign Policy Tom Goldstein Professor Herf HIST441 May 15, 2001 The Spanish Civil War (1936-9) was a very important event during the tense1930s in Europe. Although it did not make World War II inevitable, it increased the likelihood of a general war a great deal. The war had a tremendous impact on Spain itself, leaving much of the state’s economic and social infrastructure in ruins and leaving thousands dead. But the war also saw involvement from other European states as both sides of the conflict – the Right-wing Nationalists and the Left-wing Republicans (a.k.a. Loyalists) – requested and received foreign aid not only in terms of financial assets, but also in terms of war material and troops. Adolf Hitler’s Germany was one of the foreign countries most involved in the conflict, contributing economic loans as well as several thousand troops to the Nationalist cause. Hitler’s involvement in the Spanish war was consistent with a larger Nazi foreign policy aimed at diverting British and French attention from Central and Eastern Europe so that he would be unhindered in his plans for eastern expansion. However, the ramifications of the Spanish war for the rest of Europe were great in other ways. The Spanish Civil War was a major contributor to the hardening of the division between the democracies (Britain and France) and the dictatorships (Italy and Germany). Germany also...
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...A lot of events throughout the world led to the beginning of World War II. In many ways, World War II was a direct result of the turmoil left behind by World War I. The war began in September 1939 when Britain and France declared war on Germany following Germany's invasion of Poland. To fully understand how the war began we must take a look at the various causes. The Treaty of Versailles ended World War I between Germany and the Allied Powers. Because Germany had lost the war, the treaty was very harsh against Germany. In 1919, Lloyd George of England, Orlando of Italy, Clemenceau of France and Woodrow Wilson from the US met to discuss how Germany was to be made to pay for the damage world war one had caused. Germany was forced to accept the responsibility of the war damages suffered by the Allies. The treaty required that Germany pay a huge sum of money called reparations. The German people were very unhappy about the treaty and thought that it was too harsh. Germany could not afford to pay the money and during the 1920s the people in Germany were very poor. There were not many jobs and the price of food and basic goods was high. The Germans were desperate for someone to turn around their economy and restore their national pride. Because were dissatisfied with the government, they voted to power a man who promised to rip up the Treaty of Versailles. His name was Adolf Hitler. In order to keep world peace, The League of Nations was formed. It was intended that all countries...
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... you downloaded recently. You are required to illustrate your report with data and charts. I) Introduction: “The international trade is the exchange of goods, services and capital between countries” (Haekal, 2012). Trade exists for centuries but had known an international dimension with the globalisation. In this report, we will see some advantages and disadvantages of the international trade, through the examples of two countries: France and Italy. II) The advantages of trade: It exists many advantages to the international trade. We will see three of them, which are, meet the need of the country, create jobs and attract foreign investments in the country. 1) Meeting the need of the country: By open its economy to the world, a country increase its growth and the satisfaction of the need of the people. The offer of goods and services ...
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...1940 to October 31, 1940 November 1940 September 1940 June 1941 September 27, 1941 October 1941 November 1941 December 1941 December 7, 1941 December 1941 December 25, 1941 December 1941 1942 – 1944 1942 February 1942 Hitler comes to power in Germany. Hitler and Mussolini sign pact. Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues are looted and burned by Nazis. Many Jews are killed, and thousands are taken to concentration camps. France and Great Britain declare war on Germany. Canada declares war on Germany. Poland surrenders to Germany. First Canadian troops arrive in Britain. Germany invades Denmark and Norway. Germany invades Holland, Belgium, and Luxembourg. Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister of Great Britain. Germany invades France. Dutch army surrenders to Germany. German Army reaches the English Channel. Belgium surrenders to Germany. Italy declares war on Britain and France. France surrenders to Germany. Canada expands war effort. Battle of Britain begins: Canada participates in air fights over the English Channel. Troops and equipment from Canada start moving in carriers across the Atlantic. Battle of the Atlantic is underway. Italy invades Egypt and Greece. Germany invades Russia. Russia (Soviet Union) joins Allied powers. Japan joins the Axis powers. Canada agrees to send two divisions of the Canadian army to Hong Kong to defend the British colony against Japan. First Canadian Army is established in England under General...
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...event where Italy took Ethiopia. By the year 1935, most of Africa was already overwhelmed with European imperialism. However, Ethiopia was one of the few African states that seemed to have dodged the bullet. Around this time is when Italian fascist politician Benito Mussolini said, “Hey, my regime is full of youth! It’s full of vigor! I ought to show this off to the world and make Italy a big man on campus! I think I’ll take one of these little freshman punks and terrify him into giving me and my gang his lunch money every day from now on. Wait, do I see that scrawny little punk Ethiopia? Is he just walking through the halls without a bully on his back? Yo, Ethiopia, come here…” Ethiopia may have been poorly equipped, but they still put up an amazingly feisty fight with their spears and shields. Still, their capital, Addis Ababa, fell to Italy’s military might and fresher technology and tactics in 1936 (Hunt, An Age of Catastrophes 846). How did the League of Nations respond to this? They were disappointed enough to vote sanctions against Italy. Regardless of that, Britain and France kept the sanctions from going into effect since they didn’t want an embargo on oil (Hunt, An Age of Catastrophes 846). I also believe these two nations thought, “We still don’t want to lose Italy like this! If Germany goes crazy, we might need Italy to back us up against this monster! Snap out of it, Italy, and come back to the days of the Entente!” I also think that, although France has its pride...
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...Northern Europe Travel times Kiruna Rovaniemi 16:00 Trondheim 3:50 6:45 9:30 Östersund Bergen Oslo Glasgow Westport 3:30 2:20 7:00 Turku 6:20 1:50 Helsinki Aberdeen 8:40 Stockholm Belfast 4:00 0:50 Edinburgh 4:25 4:05 11:15 5:15 Dublin 3:15 Cork 2:45 Holyhead Bristol 5:05 Birmingham 1:45 1:45 4:30 1:35 København Hamburg 6:10 Amsterdam Switzerland 6:05 4:35 8:40 Penzance 1:53 2:38 London 2:20 Köln Bruxelles 1:47 Berlin Warszawa 5:50 5:45 Rennes Paris 2:00 3:00 2:15 1:25 3:10 3:55 1:10 4:20 3:40 Frankfurt 3:10 6:05 4:10 7:05 Praha 7:30 4:30 11:20 2:45 1:55 3:55 München 4:00 7:45 2:35 1:00 Wien 7:20 9:00 2:20 Santiago 7:05 4:30 Bordeaux Santander Bern 6:15 Budapest 13:50 7:30 Lyon 1:40 3:50 9:00 Ljubljana 6:05 Porto 2:45 10:10 11:00 Milano 5:10 Zagreb Montpellier Pamplona 2:20 Venezia 2:03 Bologna 3:00 2:50 1:45 5:30 2:55 València 4:40 Marseille Nice 2:35 Firenze 0:37 1:35 Ancona 15:00 5:35 6:05 9:10 9:00 9:32 Beograd 8:45 12:10 9:00 Bucureşti Split Sarajevo 4:00 1:10 8:05 Lisboa 3:50 Madrid 2:35 Barcelona Sofia Skopje 4:00 9:00 6:40 Faro Roma Bar Bari 9:30 12:55 12:00 Sevilla Istanbul 2:45 Napoli 7:30 Thessaloniki 4:25 6:00 Málaga Igoumenitsa Patras Catania 3:35 Athinai Piraeus 11:50 6:30 Rhodes...
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...Name | Head of State | Allies | Disputes | Britain | King George V (1901-1936) Constitutional Monarchy | France, Russia | Naval arms race economic rivalry with Germany | France | President Raymond Poincaire Parliamentary Democracy | Britain, Russia | Wanted the return of the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine from Germany | Russia | Tsar Nicholas II (1894-1917) Monarchy | Britain, France | Rivals with Austria for control of the Balkans Strained relations with Britain. | Triple Alliance | Germany | Kaiser William II (1888-1918) Constitutional Monarchy | Italy, Austria- Hungary. | Rivals with France over Alsace, Britain over her navy. | Austria- Hungary | Kaiser Franz Joseph (1848-1916) Constitutional Monarchy | Italy, Germany | Rivalry with Russia over the Balkans, Territorial disputes with her ally, Italy | Italy | King Victor Emmanuel III (1900-1946) Constitutional Monarchy | Austria, Germany | Disputes with France in North Africa large Italian communities lived in the Austrian Empire. | The direct cause of WWI was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand at Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. However historians feel that a number of factors contributed to the rivalry between the Great powers that allowed war on such a wide-scale to break out. A major historical debate still rages about who has the ultimate responsibility for the outbreak of war. Germany and Austria are usually regarded as the main culprits. However unlike World War Two there is no one easily...
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