...Module 1 Final Project Part 3: Leadership Critique The leadership theories in this course flowed and ended up cascading for me starting with the expectations set by a leader (Pygmalion Effect); J.S. Livingston (2003) influencing the follower’s performance. Lower expectations for a subordinate resulted in their performance being of poor quality whereas higher expectations resulted in better performance. Livingston went on to also highlight that the expectations had to be realistic if they were to be achieved by the subordinate. This leads me to the leadership style that is exhibited by the leader who sets the expectations for his/her followers. A lot of research was done to study the leadership styles of various individuals and the studies revealed that there are a lot of influential factors that determine these leadership styles Bill George et al (2007:130) discovered in their research that a person is...
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...Literature Review Change is inevitable in this economic climate. According to Millar, Hind and Magala (2012), unforeseen economic, social and environmental and usage of our natural resources is a concern for organizations, and these factors make it impossible for organizations do not address change. Change can occur anytime. Change can have a positive and negative impact on an organisation and its stakeholders due to the psychological make-up of the individuals. An agent is needed to lead the change process. According to Nasbaum (2014, p.13) a leader is the key person who has a vested interest, a personal drive to get in the driving seat and act on a situation that needs changing and be able to guide his team. Leaders can no longer standstill; they need to be proactive and remodel their organization if they are to stay ahead of the curve or survive. However, change is complicated, and managing change process is difficult (Sirken, Keenan and Jackson,2005, p. 110). First things leaders need to do are examine why change is necessary for their organization. It can be for simple reasons; there has been a decline in profits or wanting to increase market share or add another revenue stream to their core business (Nusbaum, (2014). McLagan (2010) argues when managing change, the leader needs to have faith and passion for the work and commitment of their follower’s right from the outset and ensure stakeholders accept the fact that change is inevitable in a dynamic business...
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...Table of Contents Introduction 2 Definition of Leadership and Management 2 1.1 Traits of a successful leader 3 1.2 Theories of leadership and Management 5 The Great man theory 5 Trait theory 6 Behavioural theory 6 Role theory 6 Leadership grid 7 Situational leadership theory 7 Path goal theory 7 Transformational leadership 7 Collective leadership 8 1.3 Challenges of leadership and management practice 8 Definition of Motivation 9 2.1 Theories of Motivation 9 Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs 9 Frederick Herzberg's Two Factors Theory 11 Douglas McGregor’s theory X and theory Y 11 The expectancy theory 12 The goal setting theory 12 The equity theory 12 2.2 Roles of Leadership and Management in Motivation 12 2.3 Contribution of Performance Management systems 15 Definition of Group 16 Definition of Team 16 Difference between Groups and Teams 16 3.1 How to develop a team 16 3.2 Different models of team leadership 17 Tuckman’s team development model 18 3.3 Importance of Teams within Organisation 19 Conclusion 19 References 20 Leadership Management Introduction Leadership is important for an organization to run its management system successfully. It is necessary for an organization to run properly and manage the employee in such a way the organization can get maximum output from them. A good leader of an organization can operate the activities of the business including set the purpose and organizational objectives, define...
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...The past thirty years have witnessed the most powerful emergence of entrepreneurial activity in the world. Entrepreneurs are now described as aggressive catalysts for change in the world of business; individuals who recognize opportunities where others see chaos, contradiction, or confusion. They have been compared to Olympic athletes challenging themselves to break new barriers, to longdistance runners dealing with the agony of the miles, to symphony orchestra conductors who balance the different skills and sounds into a cohesive whole, or to top-gun pilots who continually push the envelope of speed and daring. The U.S. economy has been revitalized because of the efforts of entrepreneurs, and the world has turned now to free enterprise as a model for economic development. The passion and drive of entrepreneurs move the world of business forward as they challenge the unknown and continuously create the future (Kuratko, 2002). Several methods have been used to measure the impact of entrepreneurial ventures on the economy—for example, efforts to start a firm (which may not be successful), incorporation of a firm (which may never go into business), changes in net tax returns filed (reflecting new filings minus filings no longer received), and a substantial amount of full-time and part-time self-employment. According to the Small Business Administration, 672,000 new businesses were created in 2005; the largest in US history (even 12% higher than the...
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...CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, FULLERTON Israel Tefera POSC 577 The American Presidency UH 33234 Thursdays, 7 – 9:45 PM Office Hours Thursdays 4 - 6:00 PM or by appointment LH 1232 Email: IsraelTefera@csu.fullerton.edu Course Description This course is about the United States Presidency. Specifically, students will be able to examine 1. The origins of the Presidency, 2. Vote Choice in Presidential Elections, 3. The Presidency’s contribution to American Political Development (APD), 4. The Media and its effects on the Presidency, 5. Leadership styles / techniques of Presidents, 6. The different roles played by Presidents and 7. The relationship the Presidency has with the United States Congress and the Courts. Assignments and Grade Breakdown...
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...INTRODUCTION Rensis Likerthas called motivation as the core of management. Motivation is an effective instrument in the hands of the management in inspiring the work force .It is the major task of every manager to motivate his subordinate or to create the will to work among the subordinates. It should also be remembered that the worker may be immensely capable of doing some work, nothing can be achieved if he is not willing to work .creation of a will to work is motivation in simple but true sense of term. Motivation is an important function which very manager performs for actuating the people to work for accomplishment of objectives of the organization .Issuance of well conceived instructions and orders does not mean that they will be followed .A manager has to make appropriate use of motivation to enthuse the employees to follow them. Effective motivation succeeds not only in having an order accepted but also in gaining a determination to see that it is executed efficiently and effectively. In order to motivate workers to work for the organizational goals, the managers must determine the motives or needs of the workers and provide an environment in which appropriate incentives are available for their satisfaction .If the management is successful in doing so; it will also be successful in increasing the willingness of the workers to work. This will increase efficiency and effectiveness of the organization .There will be better utilization of resources and workers abilities...
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...The Leadership Grid Abstract The Leadership Grid was originally developed by Robert Blake and Jane Mouton during their research time at the University of Texas between 1950 and 1960. Many have compared their Leadership Grid against the Situational Leadership Theory developed by Hersey and Blanchard. Some of these differences include the degree of interaction between the two common variables addressed by both theories. These two common variables are task and people. The two theories contradict in how these variables interact. In addition, the Leadership Grid is concentrated mostly on the attitude of the leader. Situational Leadership, on the other hand, concentrates on the maturity level of the follower and the appropriate leadership behaviors that correspond with each. Finally, the Leadership Grid believes that there is one best way to react in a certain situation, while Situational Leadership contends that there is no such “one best” leadership style for any given situation. Managerial Grid History and Description The Managerial Grid was initially developed by Robert Blake and Jane Mouton as a diagnostic tool which would allow managers to assess their leadership style or behavior (Dictionary of Human Resource Management 2001). Blake and Mouton worked together at the psychology department at the University of Texas between 1950 and 1960. It was there that they first developed the concept of the Managerial Grid (Robert R Blake and Jane S Mouton: The Managerial...
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...Managing Operational Behaviour Assignment -Case Study of Li Shufu, chairman of Geely 2014.1.14 Managing Operational Behaviour Assignment -Case Study of Li Shufu, chairman of Geely 2014.1.14 Content 1 Introduction 3 2 Background Information 3 3 Gaining Support and Trust 3 4 Use networking to sustain the powerful station 9 5 Conclusion 12 1 Introduction Managing organizational behaviour (MOB) comprises a wide variety of topics, such as motivation, leadership and organizational design, which relate to different aspects of behaviour in organizations (Knights et al., 2007). Specialists within different function of business are inevitably working with others. Likewise, generalist managers are involved in coordinating their activities with different specialist functions. Crucially, these are not only simply impersonal activities requiring technical skills, but also organizing capabilities that are identified as leadership, communication and motivation. This paper will provide a case study of Li Shufu, chairman of Geely Automobile Holdings. The first part will focus on how Li gained trust and support at Volvo Car Corporation after acquisition, and then the seconded will look at how Li derived and sustained power from the networking. 2 Background Information Established in 1927, Volvo Car Corporation has been one of the best-known luxury automobile manufacturers in the world. And in 2010, Volvo Car Corporation was acquired by Zhejiang Geely Holding...
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...Change Management Theory Name Institution Date Drivers for change Synergetic solutions Inc. as a company had specialized in assembling computers from major leading brands then later sold the computers at a subsidized price. The need for growth and expansion brought the issue of computer networking into perspective (Burnes, 2004). It was agreed that the organization should take part in this venture. In the event of effecting a change in any organization external and internal factors must be taken into consideration. At Synergetic, employee dissatisfaction is one of the major internal drivers. The employees have to be positively motivated to ensure that they welcome the changes and they take the initiative to learn new skills to aid the success of the change that was intended. “Morale largely surges when employees are empowered to aid reduce the impact of the company’s products and processes” (National Research Council Canada, 2003). Through incentives and bonuses for the employees they ensured success in one of the internal drivers of change. Another internal driver was better quality of their products in the market. Synergetic solutions had to come up with ways to ensure that what they were giving out in the market was performing at ultimate level. One other internal driver of change was humble financial performances which caused anxiety among employees. The fear that there might be future belt-tightening or company shutdown was a major fear...
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...Running Head: Self Leadership (Name) (Course) (Professor) (University) (Date) Literature review The meaning and importance of self leadership has become apparent in the past two decades and this is attributable to several diverse changes that are taking place in the world today. Changes such as need for organizational suppleness, innovativeness and learning skills have resulted to organizations in various industries competing to achieve the most effective management of resources to empower their operations. Management training has gained focus on self leadership as there is need for companies to acquire human resource who are able to cope to the dynamic business environment (Sydanmaanlakka, 2002). This calls for the need to change management from the old conventional style to a shared leadership system. Shared leadership requires the transition from the command and control to employee involvement in decision making process (Pearce, 2007). In order to effect shared leadership, there is need to encourage self leadership which basically entails self direction and self motivation. One cannot influence others if he or she is not in a position to influence oneself. Self leadership in organizations is fostered through the involvement of employees in decision making processes as well as fostering their self leadership skills which will then trigger shared leadership responsibility as (Stewart, et al, 1999) puts it. According to (DiLeillo&...
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...information and goals tailored to them and the simulation encouraged players not to share personal information to others, thus mirroring real-life situations. In the past years, it has been shown that students generally learn from their mistakes in the first simulation and perform better in the second. However Team ‘_____ ’ deviated from this idea, starting with 50% and deteriorating to 38%. The major improvement in performance between the simulations can be explained by the intragroup changes between Everest 1 and Everest 2. This will be closely examined by comparing and contrasting both personal and team’s experiences, using results in the two Everest simulations, analysing them under two critical organisational concepts: Groups & Teams, and Leadership. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2...
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...Jordan Belfort, More Noise From Victims After Movie Launch Audience and victims are becoming more curious and alert after the success of the movie “the wolf of wall street” by Leonardo Dicaprio , people all over the globe and myself are questioning , Belfort: Good or Bad ? Rich or Broke? hiding money or not and when will victims claim their money back. Some victims claimed that they have lost all their money savings, others said that the movie showed Belfort as a myth of which triggered them to ask for more actions to have their money and many claimed that these type of movies shouldn’t show these people as heroes instead they should have shown real victims and how they suffer rather than showing the partying, prostitution and drugs. The movie globally affected public opinion in terms of injustice towards such frauds. 1989, as a talented salesperson who graduated with a Biology degree decided to set up his own company Stratton Oakmont, building up on his learnings from working as a stock broker in LF Rothschild which was to be known prestigious at that time before falling in 1987. The ambitious Belfort taught his employees sales calls for penny stocks and lead this company to being a boiler room: a term used to describe high pressure sales environment. Employees followed him blindly and he gained their trust with his everyday speeches and high commissions. It was said that he had around 1,000 broker dealing with a $billion worth of trades. The pump and dump scheme he followed...
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...Steve Jobs: The Leader of Choice Donal G. Matheny Anderson University Abstract It is a widely accepted notion that leadership is an inherent trait. However, there are many proponents of evolutionary views which imply that leadership may be developed. It is indeed quite hard to verify the validity of any of the theories for it is almost impossible to account for initial inclinations and environment of a future leader. However, Steve Jobs’s experience proves that making of the greatest leaders requires a combination of both natural traits and experience in the context of specific situations. Nowadays everybody is talking about Steve Jobs and his revolutionary products. He undoubtedly created an immense viral obsession with new a generation of products and in some way created the market for these products. However, the path of his development as a leader proved to be faulty in some places. Steve Jobs has carved out a great leader from the obsessed entrepreneur he was a long time ago. Steve Jobs: The Leader of Choice Steve Jobs will be remembered for many accomplishments in his life, such as taking technology to the masses, the creation of Apple, and most notably and arguably most famous, the IPOD. His biggest accomplishment, though, is his road to becoming one of the great leaders of our time. He was able to achieve this through his many failures, his creativity, and determination to succeed. All of these combined to make an innovative leader with a vision and desire...
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... |can impact on the performance of the business. | | |AC 1.3 |Discuss the factors which influence individual behaviour at work. | | | | | | | | | | | | |Learning Outcome 2 |Understand different approaches to management and leadership |Report | |AC 2.1 | Compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different | | | |organizations |...
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...Business Leadership EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Steven Paul "Steve" Jobs, the man who saved a company that was literally a fiscal quarter away from bankruptcy and proceeded to grow it into the largest company in the world by market capital the company ‘The Apple’. Steve Jobs was an American businessman, designer and inventor. He is best known as the co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc. Through Apple, he was widely recognized as a charismatic pioneer of the personal computer revolution. Good leadership is major, particularly in today’s competitive global economy, and can make the difference between the success and the failure of the organization. As per the sentence Steve jobs is the concrete example of a lifetime natural successful leader, evidence is the Apple’s success. Apple’s market capitalization is over $300 Billion (Elmer-Dewitt, 2011) making it the second most valuable publicly traded company in the world, surpassing even giant (and rival) Microsoft. Steve Jobs was an American businessman, designer and inventor. He is best known as the co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc. Through Apple, he was widely recognized as a charismatic pioneer of the personal computer revolution. He was different from many other corporate leaders in that he always knew what he wanted. When he returned to Apple after his decade-long banishment starting in the mid-80′s, the company was on the margin of bankruptcy. He actually wrote some of the...
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