...PERSONAL STATEMENT I was born and grew up in a northernmost mountainous province of Vietnam bordering China. My entire childhood was surrounded by chronic poverty and pervasive ignorance in a little village where children of my age knew nothing but undulating ranges of grandeur mountains that even in my dream I would never have thought of one day I could break out of the vicious circle of illiteracy and innumeracy to become a lawyer and make an ambitious plan for further study in a world-class university in USA. Unlike peer friends whose sole dream was to have decent meals and warm clothes every day after school, I looked for another world from the foreign magazines that my dad subscribed for me using his scanty military salary. In my mind, a society where people were vested with rights to decent life, education and advancement was conjured up. And I cherished a passion to learn and explore that unknown world. As early as high school days, I realized that English was not only a valuable tool for me to discover the world but also helped shape my outlook with more comprehensive and impartial eyes. Thus, I kept learning days after days to build up my English competency in a hope for a day when I could communicate confidently and fluently as a native. I still remember my feeling when I read the book “Message from Nam” by Danielle Steel and knew for the first time how the American viewed the Vietnam War. But for a certain command of English, my view of the War would...
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...both in text and pictures. According to Gary (2011), between 1997 and 2000, more than 12,000 Internet-related businesses were started with more than $100 billion of investors. This shows the sheer growth in size and volume of EC is a very short span of time. Role of E-Commerce in Modern Business EC has made a huge impact on the way modern business is done. Porous geographic boundaries- EC has blurred the lines of international boundaries. Companies headquartered in USA, manufacture in China, Sell in Europe, process the transactions in India and thrive globally Internet allows business to be conducted 24/7. There are no overtime costs or other costs to be paid. Network Effects have been felt by both businesses and consumers (Gary 2011). Law of diminishing return does not apply to EC. In fact the reverse is true. As the number of participants increase, customers get more value from bigger product portfolio, additional INTERNATIONAL BARRIERS TO EC 3 competition among businesses etc. Businesses gain from a larger customer base, wider variety of tastes and hence a bigger space for different products and categories EC has helped...
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...Matthew Perry’s Exchange With Japan Commodore Matthew Perry’s Exchange with Japan made great contributions to trade not only in Japan, but with the rest of the world. Commodore Perry was a sailor, diplomat and an advocate of the naval steamship. He was apart of the United States Navy for forty-two years. Commodore Perry was the first westerner to visit the islands of Japan.The United States had a goal of reopening the trade ports in Japan with the rest of the world. For the United States, Japan would serve as a place for their steamships to restock their coal supply. Also, the United States wanted to assure that shipwrecked Japanese sailors got ample treatment. The third reason was simply trade. Japan would be...
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...1 million people, Japan is ranked third in terms of nominal GDP as of 2015. It is a country of ever evolving political and economical systems. Globalization has played a large part in the development in Japan's economy and stability. This island located in the Pacific ocean to the West of the United States, Japan has been heavily impacted by both American culture and politics. The geography of Japan makes it easily accessible to other Asian and Mediterranean countries as well, helping Japan grow in trade even further. Compared to the U.S., Japan has had a very different political systems, legal systems, economic developments, global economic changes, and economic transitional methods. Japan has been a democracy since 1947. Democracy was one of the terms of surrender after WWII, and the United States helped Japan rebuild after the war. Currently, Japan has two houses of parliament that is responsible for governance. From the majority party, a prime minister is elected via vote within the parties. This is different from the U.S., where popular vote tends to have a direct sway in who is elected as leader. The current prime minister is Shinzo Abe of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). The Liberal Democratic Party is known to be the more conservative party and they also held power in Japan from 1955 all the way to 1993 (PBS, 2008). The other major party within Japanese parliament is the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ). The Democratic Party of Japan is the more liberal...
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...Doing Business in Japan The U.S. Commercial Service provides guidance on doing business in Japan and offers valuable assistance to help U.S. businesses exporting to Japan. Why doing business in Japan? As the world’s fourth-largest buyer of American products, Japan is a market that American companies should not overlook, but approach with a thoughtful strategy. Japan is a technology powerhouse, a “proving ground” for consumer requirements, and stands in the vanguard with respect to the sweeping changes recently seen in developed market demographics. Most U.S. state economic development agencies are also well aware of the important foreign direct investment coming into their communities from Japan. While the reasons U.S. firms engage with Japan are diverse, savvy firms recognize that underestimating the strategic and tactical importance of the Japanese market may disadvantage them not only in Japan, but in the United States and third-country markets as well. Japan is back in the business news headlines in 2013, owing in part to a rising stock market, a sharply lower yen, and stirrings of domestic demand for both personal consumption and capital investment. The new economic policy linked to these developments is known as “Abenomics”-- a three pronged strategy of bold monetary loosening, fiscal stimulus centered on infrastructure spending, and growth-oriented structural reform. While the implications and ultimate success of this strategy in reigniting growth in Japan are far from...
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...union of twenty-seven independent states based on the European Communities and founded to enhance political, economic and social co-operation. Formerly known as European Community (EC) or European Economic Community (EEC). All information about EU: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union The business implication of the EU: http://books.google.com.vn/books?id=73nQYLkj4lIC&pg=PA519&lpg=PA519&dq=eu%27s+effect+on+international+business+law&source=bl&ots=jZi4MvJL_n&sig=UZV5j9RNWCPcvCUyZin5nYd3DHU&hl=vi&ei=jHSbTI3FDo2osQPK8LzVBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false Page 518/ Text book: IBL and its environment. The impact of EU on international trade The European Union has had a significant influence upon international trade, especially in respect of the countries that are member states in the Union. However, it has also had an impact on global trade generally. Internally, trading between the member states within the European Union has become less restrictive, because of the laws and regulations passed. Trade barriers between member states have been virtually eliminated and strict regulations have been applied to ensure fair competition for all. It is partially resulting from these moves that countries like those in the Baltic States are clamoring to join the EU. The EU also protects its member states from unfair competition tactics that other nations might use. The economic power of the Union is such that it can act in this way to greater...
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...The Case of Japan Author(s): Daniel M. Bernhofen and John C. Brown Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 112, No. 1 (February 2004), pp. 48-67 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/379944 . Accessed: 10/02/2012 10:27 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Political Economy. http://www.jstor.org A Direct Test of the Theory of Comparative Advantage: The Case of Japan Daniel M. Bernhofen and John C. Brown Clark University We exploit Japan’s sudden and complete opening up to international trade in the 1860s to test the empirical validity of one of the oldest and most fundamental propositions in economics: the theory of comparative advantage. Historical evidence supports the assertion that the characteristics of the Japanese economy at the time were compatible with the key assumptions of the neoclassical trade model. Using...
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...| * Site Map * Help * Contact ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Search Terms: Bottom of Form You are here: Eurofound > EIROnline > 2004 > 11 > Industrial relations in Japan 2003-4My Eurofound: Login or Sign Up Industrial relations in Japan 2003-4 This record reviews 2003-4's main developments in industrial relations in Japan, and focuses on the topical issues of migration and pensions reform. Economic developments In 2003, Japan's GDP fell by 0.1% over 2002 in nominal terms, but increased by 2.5% in real terms, which significantly exceeded the real growth rate in 2002 (a fall of 0.3%). Private demand, especially private capital investment, showed significant growth of 9.3% (after a fall of 7.2% in 2002). Due to the recovery in overseas economic conditions, Japan's exports also rose by 10.1%, exceeding the 2002 level (8.0%). On the other hand, private final consumption expenditure remained virtually flat in 2003, with only 0.8% growth on the preceding year's level (0.9%). Conversely, public demand shrank by 2.1% (due to a reduction in public works). According to the Cabinet Office's 2004 'Annual Report on Japanese economy and public finance/economic survey of Japan', Japan's economic growth in 2003 can be attributed to: i) increased private demand; ii) improvements in corporate financial positions through reduction of excessive debt and employment; and iii) the brisk performance of Japan's stronger industrial...
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...Fan (ID No. 0655330) & Jitin Kochhar (ID No. 0654351) ITM151: Global Trade Research Assignment #2 Research Outline 1 Oct. 14, 2012 Professor Floyd Simpkins St. Clair College COUNTRY A: JAPAN 1. Political Environment Political Stability: Political stability of the country indicates towards the positive or negative affect on the Trade of a particular product. Our product is Canadian chocolate which can have a great potential to perform business in Japanese market because of its strong Political Stability. The Political Stability is based on a given country's record of peaceful transitions of power, ability of a government to stay in office and carry out its policies vis a vis risk credible risks of government collapse. Japan’s Political Stability index is 9 on a scale of 10. This shows a high Political stability. (Watch, 2011-2012) Barrier: Import Tariff Rate: 10% (Tariff, 2011) Risks: • Strict Trade policy for chocolate trading. • Diplomatic events in surrounding countries, results in less trade. Opportunities: Japan is the world’s fifth largest agri-food importer and one of the most significant export destinations for Canadian agri-food products. More and more Japanese consumers are willing to pay a premium price for quality food with healthy ingredients, as these consumers are increasingly interested in their health. This makes Japan a potentially attractive market for Canadian exporters of high-quality chocolate...
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...Japan’s Export: A Business Opportunity Maria Griselda Dillet Marketing 4308 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Japan 5 Government and Politics 5 Foreign Relations 6 Economy 6 Imports and Export 7 Imports 8 Export 9 Business Opportunity 10 Making the Opportunity Work 13 Recommendations 14 Declaration 16 Works Cited 17 Executive Summary Japan is a country east of South Korea, China, Russia and North Korea. It consists of 6852 islands. The country’s authority is vested in the monarchy. There is an Emperor, who is a ceremonial figure. The country has two parliaments, i.e. the House of Representatives and the House of Councilors. Japan has strong foreign relations being a member of the APEC, G8 and ASEAN. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1956. It is the third in the world as far as the national economy is rated. Japan’s main imports are raw materials, fuels, machinery and equipment, textiles, chemicals and foodstuffs. Its main import partners are the United States, Saudi Arabia, European Union, China and United Arab Emirates. The country’s main exports are motor vehicles, office machinery, semiconductors, scientific and optical equipment and other electronic components. It exports products to the United States, European Union, South Korea, Hong Kong, China and Taiwan. The idea is to start a company and locate it in one of the African countries. This company will be involved...
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...has heard of the concerns that bringing Japan out of isolation has brought forth. This letter is written on behalf of many other Dutch traders who completely support your most wise decision to open up the gates of Japan. Coming out of isolation has helped strengthen both our economies and relationship. Despite the benefits that opening trade has led to many benefits for both the Dutch and Japanese, we are aware of the doubt that rests among your people. As a country, we completely support your choice and hope that the uncertainty part of your people hold will not prevent, but further our countries trade. Because of our trade in the Edo Period, we gained considerable wealth exporting beautiful Japanese products, such as silk, porcelain and cotton, as well as providing bits of knowledge for Japan and outside nations. However that wealth never went past a certain point because of the restricted laws, and as a result many of the Japanese products we received came through China. During the mid Edo period both our countries suffered a huge loss due to the crash of the Dutch East India Company. Independent Dutch traders were also unapproved by the bakufu, which worsened the situation. As the only foreign company Japan traded with, your limited link to the outside world decreased substantially and the Netherlands lost its advantage against other western countries. Not only this, but our government then became unstable. With the lack of trade and an unsteady governing body, the Netherlands...
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...markets will be beneficial for the organization to start exporting company products, the proposal will cover the economic, financial & cultural factors prevailing in the countries being recommended in this report. The environment, competition and the market trends in domestic & international market & the developments have a direct impact on success. It is imperative to have a better understanding of the prevailing market scenario, which will help us to plan well and take good decisions. Target Countries for Expansion * Japan * Canada * Brazil * France JAPAN Japan is one of the most developed countries in the world and the economy of the japan is the third largest in the world by nominal GDP & purchasing power parity it is also the world’s second largest developed economy. Japan’s purchasing power parity is the fourth highest in the world and people have high level of expenditures, and the people in japan...
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...increased world poverty and income inequalities, child labor, environmental pollution and many other problems. 2. Nations usually impose restrictions on the free international flow of goods, services and factors. Differences in language, customs and laws also hamper these international flows. In addition, international flows of goods, services and resources may involve receipts and payments in different currencies, which may change in value in relation to one another through time. International relations are to be contrasted with the interregional relations, which face no such restrictions as tariffs and are conducted in terms of the same currency, usually in the same language, and under basically the same set of customs and laws. 3. A rough measure of the degree of economic interdependence of a nation with the rest of the world is given by the ratio or percentage of its exports to its gross domestic product (GDP). For small, developed nations, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, the ratio can reach as high as 60 to 90. For large nations, such as Germany, England, France and Italy, the ratio ranges from 25 to 35. For the United States it is between 12 and 17 and growing. 4. The United States relies less on international trade for its high standard of living than most other developed nations because it is continental in size with immense natural and human resources. As such, it can produce with relative efficiency most of the products it needs. Contrast this to the position...
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...officially the State of Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin" which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun". | BANGLADESHBangladesh officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a country in South Asia, located on the fertile Bengal delta. It is bordered by the Republic of India to its north, west and east, by the Union of Myanmar (Burma) to its south-east and by the Bay of Bengal to its south. It is separated from the Democratic Republic of Nepal and the Kingdom of Bhutan by the narrow Indian Siliguri Corridor. Together with the neighboring Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language. | * POLITICAL FACTORS JAPAN | FORM OF GOVERNMENT | Japan has a constitutional monarchy as its current form of government. However the Emperor is only a ceremonial figurehead and his powers are very limited. He is defined by the constitution as "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people". The Prime Minister holds the power with the elected members of the Diet (Japan’s parliament). Akihito is the current Emperor of Japan. Naruhito, Crown Prince of Japan, stands as next...
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...Marks) 2. What are some of the anti-competitive behaviours SesamWare might be guilty of? How did/might SesamWare’s behavior adversely affect free market competition upon which international trade depends? ( 5 Marks) 3. Is there an international law governing Sesame’s behaviour? How will competition laws be enforced globally? (5 Marks) 4. If SesamWare had been headquartered in a country that had no competition laws, as is the case in many developing countries, or if SesamWare never entered into a contract (for example to buy out a competitor) with a party from the U.S., how could the U.S. claim jurisdiction over the enforcement of its competition laws?? (5 Marks) 1. Assuming that ParaWorld is an open-world game, the scope for IP infringement seems to be infinite. Being a gamer who has played many open world games, it would be difficult to know what kind of infringements would ParaWorld had committed without playing the game and knowing about its rules and environment. The following infringements are likely to have been committed by ParaWorld: * Trademark Infringement: ParaWorld, being a simulation of the real business world, would have replicated trademark logos of Coca-Cola, Mcdonalds and Subway etc without the permission of the owners. * Undisclosed Information and Trade Secrets: The simulation could have revealed certain undisclosed sensitive information of governments and businesses which results in breach of privacy, and national security. * Anti-Competitive...
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