...DECISION MAKING • choices from two or more alternative courses of action • all organizational members make decisions • involves gathering what information is known, identifying the options and assessing the risk and making the best decisions with the information available in a timely matter • Decision-Making Process a comprehensive, 8-step process Developing Alternatives Developing Alternatives Allocating Weights to the Criteria Allocating Weights to the Criteria Identifying Decision Criteria Identifying Decision Criteria Problem Identification Problem Identification Evaluating Decision Effectiveness Evaluating Decision Effectiveness Implementing the alternative Implementing the alternative Selecting an alternative Selecting an alternative Analyzing alternative Analyzing alternative Step 1 - Identifying a Problem • must be such that it exerts pressure to act • manager is unlikely to characterize a situation as a problem unless s/he has resources necessary to act Step 2 - Identifying Decision Criteria Decision criteria - what’s relevant in making a decision. What factors are relevant in making a decision Step 3 - Allocating Weights to the Criteria Must weight the criteria to give them appropriate priority in the decision. Not all criteria are equally important. Step 4 - Developing Alternatives List the viable alternatives that could resolve the problem without evaluating them Step 5 - Analyzing Alternatives Each alternative is evaluated...
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... The first scenario involves an employer giving complicated directions for a task that the person must do. When I read the first complaint I could imagine the person complaining about their job being too hard. Before I could effectively assist this person, I would need to know more details and facts surrounding the asker relationship with the job as well as how he or she feels about being employed there. The second scenario involved emotions because my friend stormed in the room clearly furious over something that happened to her while she was at school that day. Since she’s already angry, I wouldn’t want to exacerbate the situation so I’d listen more and speak less by using the Prompting responses to get her to talk about her situation until she finds a solution. I’d use silences and brief encouragements to draw her out of that negative place into a positive one. The third scenario says my brother comes to me about a job offer he’s trying to decide about accepting. I would never tell him to take the job, but I will give him Supporting responses to make him weigh his decision carefully. I would tell my brother how I view him as a worker. I’d magnify his strengths and compare them to the qualifications for the job. I’d show care, concern and interest especially if making this decision seems to be a stressful one. Lastly, the person with whom I want to strengthen my relationship with is my cousin. Using the interpersonal attraction variables, the reason I'd want to form a relationship...
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...Therefore, it is important to carefully decide when choosing a major in order to have a good job after graduating. There are three main guidelines for students when considering their major in a college or university: their interests, their abilities or strong points, and social demand for the job field that their major qualifies them for. First of all, deciding a major should depend on students’ interests. Undoubtedly, finding subjects interesting to learn promotes students to spend time studying to know about them. Otherwise, all the obstacles such as boredom and tiredness that they may have when studying a major that they don’t like will discourage them. It can even make them change their mind to pursue one another major which leads to a waste of time and money. In addition, students should also understand their abilities, and strong points to make a better decision about their major. The fact is that, doing something that they are not good at may lead to some serious problems. For example, they may have to try much harder than the others to get the same good results, and they may get depressed when they can’t do well. On the contrary, when they study a major that is their strong point, it should not be too hard to perform well, which will put them at ease. Hence, they will be encouraged and have more motivation to study. As a final point, social demand for students’ skills in the job field is also a fundamental factor to be considered when deciding which major to pursue. For...
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...Module 4 Assignment Instructions Transfer of Training Paper Write a 1.5 to 2 page paper (typed, double-spaced) on the transfer of training. Include the following: What is “transfer of training”? Why is transfer of training important? What are potential barriers to transfer of training? What are strategies to avoid or overcome the barriers? Consider strategies before, during and after the training that promote the transfer of knowledge and skills into the workplace. Transfer of training refers to trainees obtaining knowledge or abilities they learn in a training room, and take back what they learned to their jobs. It’s important for trainees to take what they learn from training meetings and apply it to their job, because what they obtain will be important. Companies big and small spend millions of dollars each year on training courses for their employers. Transfer of training improves staff’s performance. Just in case an employer has a question about a certain situation at work and how to handle it; the trainer can inform all of their trainees what to do or not do. Organization have a lot to go over, and a trainer should train a group of individuals to save time. There is also a difference between training tasks and work tasks. Training tasks are tasks you’ve just learned and put to the test; as to where work tasks are tasks that you already know. A lot of employers use common sense when handling different scenarios they aren’t used to. What if the employer’s common...
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...problem and as long as the necessary outcome happens that is all that matters. This is true in the quote above; cats do their job by catching mice, it doesn’t matter what type or what color the cat is. I agree to this to some extent. In certain scenarios it’s not black and white and coming up with one simple solution. Some problems have depth behind them where it’s not just a “cat catching a mice”. More specificity is needed when it comes to in-depth problems. In most case scenarios the quote “Black cat, white cat;[who cares] as long as it catches mice “ applies, but not every scenario. The quote is most evident in when anyone is given a certain task, that person then takes on the responsibility of having to accomplish that task. For example, when a carpenter gets a customer that wants new cabinets in their kitchen. The carpenter then has to complete the requests of the customer, doesn’t matter how he gets the job done, but as long as the cabinets are completed. He could get his five workers to complete the job, or he could do it himself with his two top carpenters. The task is given first and it does not matter how or who gets the task done but as long as the cabinets are complete. In the end when the customer sees the final product they will be happy either way, which is where the “[who cares] “in the quote comes into play. The cat does its job in the household by catching the mice, it doesn’t matter what type of cat. Just like building cabinets, in the end as long as the...
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...Case 1: Heart Attack Managing People and Ethics 3/25/2011 Management 301- Business Organization and Management Eboni Thrower, Jennifer Jackson, Gerald Grant III, Taneisha Pryor Dr. Makamson 1.___________________________ 2.___________________________ 3.____________________________ 4.____________________________ I. Problem Statement Was Mr. Hamid wrong for firing Shauna? Mr. Hamid placed an ad for a part-time bookkeeper at a local college and Shauna came across it. The work Mr. Hamid needed finished for his company would only require the bookkeeper to stay in work with him for about two months. She applied for the job and received the job the same day. During the interview Mr. Hamid stated that he would pay her $150 per week. Realizing that if she accepted $150 per week she would not be making as much money as she would if she worked on an hourly rate; she had to come up with a plan. Shauna negotiated with Mr. Hamid and agreed to work Monday, Wednesday and Friday for seven hours a day for 21 hours a week at $10 per hour. In this agreement Shauna would be put on a three month probationary period, which consisted of no time off, vacation, sick days or holidays off. Shauna was a hard worker and an excellent bookkeeper for Mr. Hamid. She always completed every project and obligation that was ever asked of her beforehand. Shauna constantly asked Mr. Hamid for extra work to do in the office to keep her busy. She never took any time off from work, nor did she ever...
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...Are tattoos appropriate in the workplace? Tattoos may or may not be appropriated in the workplace, because depending on what or where the tattoo located, there may or may not be an issue for the employers. It depends also on the employers industry and the type of job. Employees should be aware of the issues and the policy that prohibit tattoos. More and more employees are getting tattoos whether they are invisible or visible. There are some workplace can get exposed to a liability if the presence of the tattoo was an issue in making the hiring decision. The key for employers to have written policy that employees should be required to read and sign, about "no visible tattoos." Employers are reluctant to hire those with visible tattoos. Because, some tattoos are distracting, and it very unprofessional. Some people look at your tattoos and judges your appearance and stereotype you. I know applying for a job, you shouldn't have invisible tattoo, and because they might assume that the tattoo have a bad meaning. There shouldn't be any revealing tattoos during interviews. According to an article by Jennifer D. Melville even though tattoos are not allowed in the workplace, you can still have them just more in an unraveling setting. In a professional business setting, tattoos are unacceptable and should not be seen at all. I believe that tattoos do have a meaning when trying to get in a workplace, some peoples that have tattoos whether...
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...Personal Essay: Twenty and Serious I was 19, and it was my first week on the job as marketing director for a leading financial services organization in North America. Our awkward exchange was one of many I've experienced as a young woman in a big job. People expect a much older-looking person, not a girl who could pass for a college sorority sister, to be speaking to them about life insurance or finance. I guess I have always looked young for my age. When I was a freshman at a community college, people mistook me for 16. Now that I am almost 21, bouncers still eyed my ID suspiciously checking for validity even at an 18 or older event. Looking younger than your years is a bonus when you're over 40 (or so I hear) but a bummer when you're a 20 year old kid like me, especially a kid who landed a dream job and is trying to command some respect. Before I started my career, being mistaken for someone younger was no big deal. But during my first job as a Marketing Director, I quickly realized that looking "too young" could be a curse for me at work, one that would keep fueling my insecurities even when I landed a position of authority. In my first marketing director job, I had an encounter that scarred me for years. An older woman I was meeting with about our finance services looked me up and down and squealed with amusement: "Well, don't you look all of 12?" Her voice dripped with snobbery. It was hard enough being the lowest person on the totem pole in the office, but having my...
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...better work environment where we as people would be able to excel within the work place, having more creative thoughts, being able to problem solve more complex situations. Effective communication is good to have so that both parties will be able to convey the message in which each will understand. It will also help with everyday life setting whether it be dealing with work related relationships , or personal life. I have a experience a few times where I was to use effective communication in the workplace. One time I can recall, were there had been a discrepancy between a co-worker and I that was work related . I work for a Bank, within their retail card service department, lending for private label credit cards where I have to make decisions for financing based on a clients credit ratings, and my co-worker and I had a issue pertaining to lending of credit to the client. A few weeks had went pass where my co-worker and I had not spoken to each; although we were both on the same team, we had no form of communication towards each other, we were both stubborn when it came to issue at hand and wasn't backing down to each other opinions. It soon became a problem where it was becoming noticeable in the work place, and affecting my quality of work. Not only was the discrepancy affecting me and work-related relationship with my co-worker, but it was also affecting my team as well. One day after about a week or so, my co-worker and I had a sit down, and went over the situation that...
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...occurred? | My co-worker thought that I was trying to take over as the representative of his student. | How could the misunderstanding have been avoided? | The misunderstanding could have been avoided if the co-worker would have called me back before going to his supervisor. | In this situation, I was the one who made the first mistake; that being that I didn’t put my notes into our database when my student referred her husband as a possible student. My student’s husband then called the next day and spoke with my co-worker, Michael, who took all of his information and enrolled him. I received a phone call from my student the next asking why I had told her one thing and Michael had told her husband another. With Michael being new to the job, I thought he made a simple mistake, so I called and left him a voicemail suggesting that we talk about the students to make sure that we were on the same page in what we were telling our students. I then wrote my supervisor an email telling him what I did and said. Michael, upon hearing the message, went to his supervisor because he had the impression that I was trying to take his student from him. His supervisor went to mine asking what was going on. My supervisor explained everything and the matter was resolved. As a result, both the students did not complete the enrollment process or start school. The main thing I learned from this whole ordeal was to make sure that all of my notes are complete and to make sure...
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...benefits of tuition reimbursement to student-employees. She states that these companies help a student with their school costs as well as money in pocket. As well as filling your pockets the author explains how building a solid resume while in college is also important. Ramachandran sums up her article with explaining how important your schoolwork can be. She states some helpful tips; do not expect to pay off college while still in college. The author brings everything into perspective by explaining that students that work 10 hours a week on average have a much better GPA than those students that work 25 or more hours. With dealing with the financial stress of college jobs are not always the answer. Financial aid advisors can help you get money that you won’t have to pay off until later. “After all, the primary job for those in college is to be a...
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...many organizations implementing the same. It provides flexibility to work part-time and work from home, which is a critical issue for many working females particularly and also among the male members where they can manage their family and work life very well. It provides a heightened sense of loyalty to the employees because they know that their boss trusts them to do their job sincerely, which in turn increases their pride and responsibility towards their work. It has been witnessed that productivity improves when the focus on work improves. It allows people to develop a better understanding of their job and eliminate office space time-wasters like "fake meetings" etc. ROWE also eliminates the illusion of productivity created by the "come early, leave late" mentality many firms require for promotion. Thus the focus is primarily towards results instead of punching the time clock or logging desk time. 2. Identify factors in the ROWE program that might make using it for retail employees more difficult than using it for managers and employees in corporate offices, technical centers, and nonretail jobs and locations. The ROWE-type program has been implemented by various organizations across a broad spectrum in different departments such as IT, back office, etc. But at places like retail stores or bank branches, where one to one customer interaction and service...
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...environment may cause can be detrimental to a person’s health. When anyone| | |is stressed, it can create a number of problems with their health. | |Identify a situation in which you experienced stress in the workplace or provide a |Fictional example: I had been scheduled to work 4 late shifts, out of 5 working days. Every other | |fictional example. |employee only had to work 1 late shift. I brought it to her attention and explained that it was not part| | |of the job requirements when I was hired on. She was visibly upset that I had brought it up and did not | | |want to discuss it at all. Instead, she changed the schedule and made it unbearably tense for the | |...
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...website. The matter of stress is serious and is an ongoing concern. As indicated by both articles that the tough economic times that lead to significant changes within the workplace, has contributed to the increased in stress factors among workers and greatly affect businesses. One major stress factor stemmed from the economic crisis is uncertainty or the fear for the lost of job. The American Psychological Association explains that bankruptcies are among the list of things that caused hundreds of thousands of workers their jobs. Additionally, while millions more have been shifted to unfamiliar tasks within their companies, this dramatic shifting has caused many to wonder how much longer they will be employed. Holmes-Rahe Life Events Scale, in the PDU Magazine Article, also pointed out that many of the most stressful events are related to the workplace and in addition to the lost of job, “firings” on the list mentioned, is the changes in financial status. Undoubtedly, being put out of a job has alarming effects on the individual. According to the American Psychological Association, “the loss of a job can be devastating, putting unemployed workers at risk for physical illness, marital strain, anxiety, depression and even suicide”. In the same light, the PDU Magazine Article has listed the same effects and more, but looked at these effects as a “heavy price” since they take a toll on the individual not only physically but psychologically. Employers and employees within various...
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...limitations in the workplace, but older employees have more limitations than the younger workers. Many studies have been conducted on age and work performance, and there were no difference in older workers and younger workers performance. They both have positive and negative effects in the workplace, but there no research that will make the claim that one age group performance is better than the other (Warr, 1993). However, most people think that older workers are more stability, experience, productivity, and this is commonly not originate in younger workers. They believe with all the good work ethic that older employees have they should do well in the workplace. There has been a study that shows that older workers are more faithful to their job, more realistic and more responsible about their standing in a business, as contrasted to younger employees. Both younger and older employees have their advantages and disadvantages in the workforce. Both groups have some decline in the workplace, and it will be difficult to say which...
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