...ingredients whose effects on the human body were untested However, permissions were eventually obtained, and Red Bull became exceptionally successful in all the markets in which it was launched. It was generally acknowledged that Red Bull's success was the product of the company's innovative marketing efforts. This case study discusses the marketing strategy adopted by Red Bull GmbH, including the company's effective employment of buzz marketing in new markets, and its sponsorship of sporting activities, especially extreme alternative sports, to enhance its image. The case also talks about Red Bull's target markets, and its pricing and differentiation strategies. It includes a section on the various controversies surrounding Red Bull, and the effects of these on its brand image. The competitive situation in the energy drinks market and Red Bull's position vis-à-vis competitors, is also discussed. The case concludes with a commentary on Red Bull's attempts at brand extension, and the company's future prospects in the light of its excessive dependence on a single product. Issues: » To understand how savvy marketing can transform an ordinary product into a powerful brand. » To study the use of buzz marketing in establishing a product in new markets. » To appreciate the importance of...
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...“How does the development of core competencies provide both advantages and disadvantages for an organisation? What steps can managers take to prevent core competencies becoming core rigidities?” In today’s world competition among firms becomes globalized and more intense. In order to become superiorly competitive, companies should enhance its competencies in a way that will allow them to achieve dominant position in a market. One way of accomplishing it is by development of core competencies. Competencies are considered core if they are skillfully performed and are principal to company’s strategy and its competiveness (Thompson et al, 2013). They are result of ‘collective learning’ activities (Prohalad and Hamel, 1990), a combination of unique skills, assets and routines (Teese, Pisano and Shuen, 1990), and knowledge sets, which altogether strategically differentiate company (Leonard-Barton, 1992) and by being valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable by nature they provide basis for sustainable competitive advantage (Hafeez, Zhang and Malak, 2002). To begin with, the development of core competencies provides numerous advantages for an organization. Prahalad and Hamel (1990) in their research ‘Core Competence of the Corporation’ argue that these benefits can be seen as the following: development of new core and diversified products and consequently potential ability to enter new markets. Scholars have also emphasized the importance of the effective competence building...
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...Background DeLorenzo was born in 1948 in Northfield, Massachusetts. Sheikh Talal DeLorenzo is the grandson of Italian immigrants from Sicily. He currently resides in Ashburn, Northern Virginia with his Pakistani wife and three children. Education DeLorenzo attended the secular Northfield-Mount Hernon Preparatory School in Northfield, Massachusetts. He then enrolled in the undergraduate program at Cornell University but dropped out. He studied Islamic sciences under prominent Deobandi scholars at madrassa Jamia Uloom Islamia, Binori Town, Karachi, Pakistan (see details below). DeLorenzo completed three years of doctoral studies on the Legal Rulingsof the Quran at Bahawalpur University, Pakistan, and allegedly studied in Egypt. DeLorenzo‟s professional experience and affiliations include teaching courses on “The Principles of Islamic Investment,” Dow Jones University. He is also the Director for the Master‟s Program for Imams, Graduate School of Islamic and Social Sciences (GSISS), Leesburg, Virginia. He has served as Director of Education for the Islamic Saudi Academy, Fairfax, Virginia, as Guest Scholar at the American Learning Institute for Muslims (ALIM), Canton, Michigan and as an Advisor on Islamic affairs and education to the President of Pakistan, 1981-1984. DeLorenzo has many affiliations with Islamist Organizations:...
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...The idea of the placebo effect has been around for centuries. Placebos were originally used to please patients when a successful treatment wasn’t available. It was never thought that a placebo might actually improve the health of a patient or cure them in any way (Kerr). Many experiments have been conducted to determine how successful placebos are capable of being. As placebo studies become more efficient and more data is collected, doctors have begun to prescribe placebos more frequently. People have started to understand the positive effects placebos are capable of having; therefore, in order to benefit the maximum number of people, placebos should be prescribed in hospitals through doctors. Placebos should be prescribed by doctors because they are an inexpensive way to improve the health of the patients physically and mentally. There are many reasons that prescribed placebos are beneficial. One reason is that they are an inexpensive way to get treatment. For some people,...
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...Comparative Urbanism, 1st Draft Prof. McDonogh 4-11-2016 Table of Contents Introduction i. In general ii. Study Areas iii. Literature Review: Transport and Suburbia Spatial Development I. Context of Beijing i. Urban Form ii. Work-House Relocation iii. Commuting Patterns and Transport Development II. Context of Philadelphia i. Urban Form ii. Work-House Relocation iii. Commuting Patterns and Transport Development Public Transportation Strategies I. Beijing Subway i. Historical Background ii. Governance and Investment II. Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority Regional Rail i. Historical Background ii. Governance and Investment Transit and Commuting i. Yanjiao: Excess commute ii. King of Prussia: Reverse Commute Discussion and Conclusion Appendix: Images Bibliography Introduction In recent decades, one of the main arguments in relation to increasing transport demand and changing commuting pattern has focused on urban growth. Many existing studies have found strong evidence between land development and travel behaviors. Global urban sprawl has been accompanied by changes in individuals’ housing and employment locations, which in turn brings changes in commuting time, distance and destination. However, there are relatively few studies that explore the role of public transportation in this linkage. Revealing the form and function of public transit can...
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...Should College Players Get Paid To Play By De’Angelo Beasley Learn Across Life Span Post University Febuaury 25, 2013 The argument that a college athletic scholarship is an equal quid pro quo for a college education has been utilized since athletic scholarships were approved by the NCAA in 1950’s. A college graduate can in fact make a great deal more money over a lifetime when compared to non-graduates. For instance, a “full athletic scholarships” do not provide a “free” education (as it does not cover all costs incurred from matriculation to graduation. In many cases, the university does not live up to its end of the bargain of providing an education; as evidenced by the dismal number in the graduation rates, especially among African Americans. Furthermore, the athletic scholarship is only a one-year (renewable) agreement that can be terminated by the coach or university in any given year for any reason. In debating the pay-for-play issue in college athletics, the history of the governing body (i.e., currently the NCAA), their mission and view of amateurism, the past history of college athletes benefitting financially, and the degree to which athletes benefit from the university experience must all be examined. The counter point section of this paper addresses each point made by my colleague. Using the Eitzen (12) analogy comparing the NCAA and big-time athletic programs to the old southern plantation system will be the underpinning wellspring for the subject...
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...Re g Big toda ister yf Sa o vin r gs ! Business Enabling • Strategic Innovation • Capability Building FIVE WAYS TO REGISTER +971 4 335 2437 +971 4 335 2438 register@iirme.com IIR Holdings Ltd. P.O Box 21743, Dubai, UAE Business Enabling • Strategic Innovation • Capability Building www.hrsummitexpo.com AY2001 Tuesday 20 November 2012 Wednesday 21 November 2012 Thursday 22 November 2012 DAVE ULRICH NEW AND EXCLUSIVE FOR 2012 Full Day Masterclass C Full Day Masterclass D A Day With The World’s Most Influential Person in HR FOR THE FIRST TIME LEARNING SESSIONS FOR YOU AND YOUR COLLEAGUES TO ATTEND! Bring your entire HR Team to the show as this year’s event features two expertled operational Forums, and over 15 Open Seminars and HR Clinics – learning is guaranteed for everyone. Super Sunday 18 November 2012 Monday 19 November 2012 Dave Ulrich Guru Day HR Excellence Awards** HR Clinics (Open Seminars)* HR Summit (Main) Learning & Development Forum HR Clinics (Open Seminars)* HR Summit (Main) Recruitment & Talent Acquisition Forum* HR Clinics (Open Seminars)* Full Day Masterclass A Full Day Masterclass B GROUP DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE CALL: +971 4 335 2483 E-MAIL: a.watts@iirme.com An Interactive Day with Dave Ulrich – Hear directly from the world’s most influential person in HR. Not to be missed! A Reinvented Programme – The agenda is constructed around the 6 pillars that make HR successful and effective An Unrivalled...
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...Racism in the Criminal Justice System Racism in police treatment of minorities has created great disparities in incarceration amongst the races. Blatant cases of racist law enforcement that are covered in the news are a testament to the fact that racism within police departments exists from coast to coast. However, these are only the cases that people find out about; there are countless other cases of police racism and brutality that are not reported. A series of reports that have been published in the last few years have shown that young black men are being incarcerated at a rate far greater than their number in the overall population. In the fall of 1995, Vincent Schiraldi, executive director of the Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice in San Francisco, released a study that found that nationally 33% of the black men in their 20~s were under the control of the criminal justice system in some way, shape or form. This shows an increase from 1991, when 25% of the black men nationwide ages 20 to 29 were incarcerated, on probation, or on parole (Butterfield 1996). Schiraldi, attributed the higher incarceration rates for black men to tougher punishment for the use of crack cocaine than for other drugs; harsh new sentencing laws; the prison construction boom; and poverty, lack of good jobs and poor education in inner cities. We will address how tougher punishments have resulted in worse treatment for minorities in the criminal justice system. The tougher punishment for the...
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...deterrent for future crimes. It is important that the United States come to some conclusion so we can end the death penalty debate; we want the truth, not assumptions that can be argued to no end. This paper will discuss the ins and outs of the death penalty, why it has created much debate, why it is not a deterrent of murder, and that it is mostly used as a political tool. There have been many studies done to both effects; the death penalty deters crime, or it does not deter crime because the previous studies were flawed. First presented is a brief history to better understand where the death penalty comes from. The next section will discuss the modern approaches to the death penalty including landmark cases that changed the way the death penalty is executed in the United States. Following this section is an explanation of deterrence and its effects, and other controversies that exist. Finally the paper will discuss the death penalty as a political tool, and why we should remedy the debates once and for all by abolishing the death penalty. There will be many studies discussed for and against the death penalty, however to introduce a different approach to this greatly researched topic, this paper will analyze the gubernatorial races from 1980-2009, and the majority view of...
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...Technovation 34 (2014) 339–341 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Technovation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/technovation Editorial The challenge of cyber supply chain security to research and practice – An introduction a b s t r a c t The tremendous potential to assist or degrade economic and national security performance make security in the cyber supply chain a topic of critical importance. This is reflected by the tremendous activity in the public and private sector to better understand the myriad of cyber challenges, identifying existing gaps and needs and closing these gaps as quickly and firmly as possible through government policy initiatives, public/private partnerships, and legal/insurance penalty and incentive regimes. However when we examine the academic literature, the research and publications in this area are rather sparse. Consequently, this special issue on Security in the Cyber Supply Chain is intended to act as a resource to practitioners and as a call to research. & 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Introduction In general, the cyber supply chain provides tremendous advances in efficiency and effectiveness. The economy gains through transactions being more efficient through the low cost rapid transmission of information related to supply chain management. Not only does this rapid transmission reduce cost, but it also provides value through increased effectiveness allowing for services and decisions that were not possible...
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...PAPER 28 THE HISTORY OF THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT FROM THE LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT DAY READING LIST: 2012-13 C. A. Bayly cab1002@cam.ac.uk 1 The History of The Indian Subcontinent From The Late Eighteenth Century To The Present Day A fifth of the world's population lives in the Indian subcontinent. While today the region’s place in the global world order is widely recognised, this is in fact only the most recent chapter in a longer history. This paper offers an understanding of the part played by the Indian subcontinent role and its people in the making of the modern world. From the decline of the great empire of the Mughals and the rise of British hegemony, to the rise of nationalism, the coming of independence and partition, the consolidation of new nation states despite regional wars and conflicts, and the emergence of India as the largest democracy in the world, this paper is a comprehensive and analytical survey of the subcontinent's modern history. The dynamic and complex relationships between changing forms of political power and religious identities, economic transformations, and social and cultural change are studied in the period from 1757 to 2007. In normal circumstances students will be given 6 supervisions in groups of 1 or 2. Key themes and brief overview: The paper begins by examining the rise of British power in the context of economic developments indigenous to southern Asia; it analyses the role played by Indian polities and social groups...
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...eate Value for People II. The Human Side of Business 7. Motivating and Managing People and Groups in Business Organizations © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2007 234 Chapter Seven SATISFIED CUSTOMERS. Unlike the other moving companies she had seen, Sheets decided that Two Men would put a premium on customer service. “Moving had a cruddy reputation,” she says. “I made sure everything was spotless. And we went out of our way for the customers.” Sheets put her movers in uniforms and gave them business cards, charged by the hour instead of weight, and paid for any damage to be fixed. The company’s mission statement remains: “Treat everyone the way you would want your Grandma treated.” From the start, Sheets handed out postage-paid reply cards, with just five questions, to her cus- tomers. Last year, the company received 66,000 responses. Sheets says that only 1% of the comments are negative—and she uses them as an opportunity. “We want to get it right with our customers,” she says. “Sometimes we send them flowers or a gift if something went wrong.” As a result, Two Men gets about 95% of its business from word-of-mouth refer- rals, eliminating the need for much advertising. With no formal business background, Sheets says she has relied mostly on her own instincts and expe- rience. She credits her time volunteering at a hospital crisis intervention center with helping her to handle customers over the phone. “It taught me empathy and how to listen,” she says. STICK MEN U. When it came...
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...Confirming Pages bye80180_appB_539-654.qxd 11/19/09 9:17 AM Page 539 technology ventures - management dell’imprenditorialità e dell’innovazione Richard C. Dorf, Andrew J. Nelson, Roberto Vona Copyright © 2011 – The McGraw-Hill Companies srl A P P E N D I X B Cases 539 bye80180_appB_539-654.qxd 11/19/09 9:17 AM Page 540 Confirming Pages technology ventures - management dell’imprenditorialità e dell’innovazione Richard C. Dorf, Andrew J. Nelson, Roberto Vona Copyright © 2011 – The McGraw-Hill Companies srl 540 APPENDIX B Cases TREXEL We’ve never met a customer who wasn’t interested in our technology. —David Bernstein, CEO of Trexel David Bernstein hung up the phone with Alex d’Arbeloff, Trexel’s largest investor, and contemplated an upcoming Board of Directors meeting scheduled for June 25, 1998. The meeting was only 10 weeks away and Bernstein, Trexel’s president and chief executive officer, needed to present a coherent vision of the company’s new strategy. Bernstein believed that Trexel’s patented technology for manufacturing foamed plastics had the potential to revolutionize much of the worldwide plastics industry. His innovative process technology, known as MuCell, allowed the Woburn, Massachusetts company to produce foamed plastic utilizing 25% to 50% less material than traditional solid plastics without a significant decrease in the strength of the plastic. Bernstein believed the market for products produced via this...
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...Lorna Deans Cornerstone Seminar IDS101 Dec 21, 2012 The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Small Businesses Small businesses are critical to the U.S. economy. They create about one-half of all private sector jobs and generate more than half of all revenues. It is critical to take into consideration how regulations and litigation impact small businesses. The biggest impact consideration is the financial impact to a companies’ bottom line (RAND Corporation). The U.S. economy slowly coming out of a recession, small businesses are struggling to overcome imposing environmental regulations from Washington. With record low rates of small business startups, people would argue that these imposing regulations are turning out all positive results. Small businesses unlike their larger business counterparts, cannot afford to hire specialty firms to help them make their way through these regulations. It also takes a lot of time and money to keep up with all the rules imposed on them. Such regulations impose costs on small businesses ranging from capital investments in upgrading current working environments to civil or criminal penalties. An effect of these regulations would be lower hiring projections for the near future. Other effects could be that the U.S. will not see a significant change in the unemployment rates and small businesses will lose out on revenues generated by hiring more employees (Alford). The definition of a small business is one that employs 500 employees...
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...Project Cost Control Tools & Techniques Jason Owens, jason@jasonowens.com Scott Burke Matthew Krynovich DJ Mance Last Updated: 1/15/07 Project Cost Control Tools & Techniques Introduction Contributors: Owens, Jason, jason@jasonowens.com Burke, Scott Krynovich, Matthew Mance, DJ The formatting and minor edits of this document have been updated since its original creation. Contact information for some of the contributing authors has been removed for reasons of privacy and in no way indicates a lesser degree of contribution. All project team members have contributed equally to this paper. Copyright © 2007 All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without written permission. Jason Owens, jason@jasonowens.com Page 2 of 26 Project Cost Control Tools & Techniques Introduction Executive Summary This paper reviews certain tools and techniques that can be used in order to help those responsible for managing a project to potentially better control and manage project costs. The aspects of life-cycle costing are presented and opportunities for optimizing cost management are presented. Finally, a table summarizing the recommendations are presented in the conclusion. Jason Owens, jason@jasonowens.com Page 3 of 26 Project Cost Control Tools & Techniques Introduction Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................
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