...Review Article Mumbai’s Development Mafia’s: Globalization, Organized Crime and Land Development Jordan Morrison 209148123 ENVS 4225: Urban Sustainability November 17, 2010 Mumbai’s Development Mafia’s: Globalization ,Organized Crime and Land Development LIZA WEINSTIEN International Journal of Urban and Regional Research Volume 32, Issue 1, pages 22-39, March 2008 Abstract For over a decade, researchers have analyzed the effects of liberalization and globalization on urban development, considering the local political implications of shifts at the national and global scales. Taking the case of Mumbai, this article examines how the past 15 years of political reforms in India have reshaped property markets and the politics of land development. Among the newly empowered actors, local criminal syndicates, often with global connections, have seized political opportunities created by these shifts to gain influence over land development. The rise of Mumbai's organized criminal activity in the 1950s was closely linked to India's macroeconomic policies, with strict regulation of imports fuelling the growth of black market smuggling. Liberalization and deregulation since the early 1990s have diminished demand for smuggled consumer goods and criminal syndicates have since diversified their operations. With skyrocketing real estate prices in the 1990s, bolstered by global land speculation, the mafia began investing in property development. Supported by an illicit nexus of politicians...
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...<Faculty Name> <Grade Earned> <Date Graded> What are the Business practices in retail and wholesale firework sales for the State of Washington Tribes? Writing up your Topical Research and Doctoral Learning Plan Marjoree Corless Northcentral University The Business Practices in Retail and Wholesale Firework Sales for the State of Washington Tribes This paper examines the legal rights that American Indians/Tribes have on their tribal lands when they are attempting to promote and develop economic developments in their communities, with a particular emphasis on the sale of fireworks. The paper will examine the hierarchy and relationship of agencies involved in the economic development practices for Tribes, and how the small entrepreneurial businesses, such as fireworks is Indian Country can be achieved. This paper attempts to demonstrate and support the hypothesis that economic developments for tribes are essential for American Indian people to become self-sufficient. Background Tribes that are federally recognized and are exercising their governmental authority over their Tribal lands inside the states they reside in. Also, according to the 2010 Census, the American Indian population was at 5.2 million people which were a total 1.7 percent of the entire population, in the...
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...IMPACTS OF GROWING POPULATION IN MT. MATUTUM PROTECTED LANDSCAPE ROLANDO T. VISAYA & JOCIEL M. TECSON Students ERM - 216 Submitted to: MARIE ANTONETTE S. PAŇA, MSc ERM ERM 216 – DYNAMICS OF POPULATION, RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENT University of Southeastern Philippines, Obrero, Davao City ERM 216– DYNAMICS OF POPULATION, RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENT ROLANDO T. VISAYA, JOCIEL M. TECSON TERM PAPER I. Executive Summary Increasing population is contributing serious environmental threat on all component of the natural environment particularly on Mt. Matutum Protected Landscape (MMPL). Impact of man’s activities on all component of the natural environment on MMPL particularly the effect of increasing population, resource exploitation, and industrial advancement. Matutum is one of the vital ecosystems that significantly fuels the economy of the SOCSKSARGEN (South Cotabato-Sultan Kudarat-SaranganiGeneral Santos City) growth corridor of Southeastern Mindanao and of Region XII. Its forest resource provides invaluable benefits from various wood based products for both domestic and export consumption. The plant and animal species found in the forests offer vast potentials as renewable sources of food, fiber, medicine and materials for industrial uses while its natural features provide aesthetics and recreation. It is an important watershed serving as headwater and catchment of several major drainages in the area. It supplies 25 percent of the water requirement...
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...Paper-I Principles of Geography Physical Geography i) Geomorphology : Factors controlling landform development; endogenetic and exogenetic forces; Origin and evolution of the earth’s crust; Fundamentals of geomagnetism; Physical conditions of the earth’s interior; Geosynclines; Continental drift; Isostasy; Plate tectonics; Recent views on mountain building; Vulcanicity; Earthquakes and Tsunamis; Concepts of geomorphic cycles and Landscape development ; Denudation chronology; Channel morphology; Erosion surfaces; Slope development ;Appl ied Geomorphology: Geohydrology, economic geology and environment ii) Climatology : Temperature and pressure belts of the world; Heat budget of the earth; Atmospheric circulation; atmospheric stability and instability. Planetary and local winds; Monsoons and jet streams; Air masses and fronto genesis, Temperate and tropical cyclones; Types and distribution of precipitation; Weather and Climate; Koppen’s, Thornthwaite’s and Trewartha’s classification of world climates; Hydrological cycle; Global climatic change and role and response of man in climatic changes, Applied climatology and Urban climate. iii) Oceanography : Bottom topography of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans; Temperature and salinity of the oceans; Heat and salt budgets, Ocean deposits; Waves, currents and tides; Marine resources: biotic, mineral and energy resources; Coral reefs, coral bleaching; sealevel changes; law of the sea and marine pollution. iv) Biogeography :...
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...in shaping the rhythms of economic development dates back to Montesquieu and has been recently revived by Jared Diamond in his book “Guns, germs and steel: The fates of human societies.” This perspective was applied to explain long term patterns of economic growth by Jeffrey Sachs, who argues that growth is related to geographic variables like climate, disease ecology and distance from the coast (Sachs 2003). On the other hand, economists like Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson, and Engerman and Sokoloff argue against simple geographic hypothesis and illustrate that geography can only affect patterns of growth through the choice of institutions that influence economic performance. Looking at the current situation, one can observe tremendous differences in living standards between developed and developing countries. There is a variety of explanations why economic performances have diverged so extremely. However, the two main candidates to explain the causes of the big divergence are geography and institutions. The geography hypothesis emphasizes nature forces and geography as the main factors determining economic performance. Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson (2002), however refute this hypothesis and illustrate that geography can affect economic growth only through an indirect channel, by affecting the choice of institutions. They believe in the correlation between geography and prosperity, but argue that it does not prove causation. In the paper, concerning the reversal of fortunes...
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...POLICY AND PEACEBUILDING FINAL PAPER University of Notre Dame THE LAND QUESTION AND DISPLACMENT IN KENYA: SUPPORT FOR EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL LAND POLICY By William Kiptoo EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 2010 Kenya enacted the National Land Policy following the promulgation of the new through the referendum. This was achieved through many years of consultation between the government and stakeholders of the land sector, mainly civil society organizations. The need for land reform was also identified by the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation as key to long-term peace and reconciliation. The policy aims to address Kenya’s land tenure problems that have caused political violence during elections and mass displacements of the local population due to unresolved land grievances. Internal displacement and land problems in Kenya are a product of the colonial legacy, where the land policy favored the white settlers against the African natives. After independence successive governments inherited these policies and land became political tool to rewards loyalties further creating divisions and discontent. A myriads of land-related conflicts followed pitting communities against each other as political elites continue to benefits. The inability of the government of Kenya to adequately address the land question has implied that the basic needs of significant proportion of the Kenyan population are not met. The basis of the new law is address the root causes of...
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...TITLE DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND PLANNING COURSE CODE DG 420 PROGRAMME BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS IN DEGREE IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES LECTURER DR I MBERENGWA ASSIGNMENT TITLE ARTICLE REVIEW: AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE FAST TRACK LAND REFORM PROGRAMME ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN ZIMBABWE: A CASE OF VUNGU RURAL DISTRICT (2000-2009) BY: CHIEDZA KIMBERLEY CHABHONGORA, CRISPEN HAHLANI AND PERCYSLAGE CHIGORA (2010) TITLE: An analysis of the impact of the fast track land reform programme on disaster management in Zimbabwe: A case of Vungu rural district (2000-2009). PROBLEM: The fast track land reform program (FTLRP) in Zimbabwe did not adequately address disaster management and environmental sustainability. The process was chaotic and failed to meet the real needs of the people but in fact strived to achieve political agendas. The FTLRP was poorly planned because there was no supportive infrastructure and systems that were meant to assist the newly resettled famers. As such production on the farms dropped significantly leading to the farmers engaging in other livelihood activities which were detrimental to the environment and which increased the vulnerability of the people to drought. OBJECTIVES: • To analyze the implications of the FTLRP on disaster management in Zimbabwe. • To establish the link between the planning of the land reform programme, the role...
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...PPA 604 Complete Course /Urban Planning or Redevelopment Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/ppa-604-complete-course/ PPA 604 Week 1 DQ 1 Define the concepts of interconnectedness and complexity as it relates to urban planning. Why are these two concepts so important to urban planning? Explain what Woodrow Wilson (1887) meant when he claimed that politics and administration should be considered to exist separately from each other. How do the concepts of interconnectedness and complexity compare to the theory posited by Woodrow Wilson claiming that administration is separate from politics? Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings. PPA 604 Week 1 DQ 2 What were the major forces behind urban growth in early United States history? What influence did urban growth have on urban concentration and population density? What new demands were placed on city governments when population density increased? What steps did city governments take to help deal with new demands resulting from the influx in population? Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings PPA 604 Week 2 DQ 1 Discuss the process that must occur in order for government to proclaim eminent domain to assume control over the private property of citizens. How does eminent domain differ from the concept of government zoning? How does eminent domain differ from police power as it relates to the government assuming control over private property? Discuss at least...
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...PPA 604 Complete Course /Urban Planning or Redevelopment Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/ppa-604-complete-course/ PPA 604 Week 1 DQ 1 Define the concepts of interconnectedness and complexity as it relates to urban planning. Why are these two concepts so important to urban planning? Explain what Woodrow Wilson (1887) meant when he claimed that politics and administration should be considered to exist separately from each other. How do the concepts of interconnectedness and complexity compare to the theory posited by Woodrow Wilson claiming that administration is separate from politics? Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings. PPA 604 Week 1 DQ 2 What were the major forces behind urban growth in early United States history? What influence did urban growth have on urban concentration and population density? What new demands were placed on city governments when population density increased? What steps did city governments take to help deal with new demands resulting from the influx in population? Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings PPA 604 Week 2 DQ 1 Discuss the process that must occur in order for government to proclaim eminent domain to assume control over the private property of citizens. How does eminent domain differ from the concept of government zoning? How does eminent domain differ from police power as it relates to the government assuming control over private property? Discuss at least...
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...Marketing Theory http://mtq.sagepub.com/ Marketing the hegemony of development: of pulp fictions and green deserts Steffen Böhm and Vinícius Brei Marketing Theory 2008 8: 339 DOI: 10.1177/1470593108096540 The online version of this article can be found at: http://mtq.sagepub.com/content/8/4/339 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Marketing Theory can be found at: Email Alerts: http://mtq.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://mtq.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://mtq.sagepub.com/content/8/4/339.refs.html Downloaded from mtq.sagepub.com at Glasgow University Library on July 5, 2011 Volume 8(4): 339–366 Copyright © 2008 SAGE www.sagepublications.com DOI: 10.1177/1470593108096540 articles Marketing the hegemony of development: of pulp fictions and green deserts1 Steffen Böhm University of Essex, UK Vinícius Brei Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil Abstract. In this paper we analyze the role of marketing in the construction of what can be called the hegemony of development. Through an investigation of the marketing practices of the pulp and paper industry in South America and the resistances that are articulated by a range of civil society actors against the expansion of this industry, we problematize marketing as a political and contested...
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...CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL OVERVIEW OF WOMEN DEVELOPMENT 2.1. Introduction The previous chapter (Chapter 1) gave the problem and background of this research. Chapter two will begin by reviewing available literature on studies done on the topic. This chapter will provide a substantially better insight into the dimensions and complexity of the problem and how others have contributed to the topic. A variety of sources will be used to review literature, including research reports, dissertations, government publications and theses; accessed through journals, textbooks and internet. The chapter will end by giving an overview of approaches that paves the way for a clearer understanding of the research problem and identifies the knowledge gap this study seeks to fill. Women in Development (WID), Women and Development (WAD) and Gender and Development (GAD) approach will be discussed in relation to women access to land in Zimbabwe. 2.2. Customary law and land question For many people, customary law is the most important law in their lives, controlling areas of their lives like their marriages, their property, and their right to inherit. Due to customary law in Zimbabwe like in many other African countries with patriarchal systems, women can only access land through marriage or other male relatives. According to Ghosh (2010) customary law refers to African traditions which have become an intrinsic part of the accepted and expected conduct in Zimbabwean black communities. This law defines...
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...Agroforestry in the drylands of eastern Africa: a call to action Bashir Jama and Abdi Zeila Agroforestry in the drylands of eastern Africa: a call to action Bashir Jama and Abdi Zeila World Agroforestry Centre LIMITED CIRCULATION Titles in the Working Paper Series aim to disseminate information on agroforestry research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community. Other series from the World Agroforestry Centre are: Agroforestry Perspectives, Technical Manuals, and Occasional Papers. Correct Citation: Jama B and Zeila A. 2005. Agroforestry in the drylands of eastern Africa: a call to action. ICRAF Working Paper – no. 1. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre. Published by the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Eastern and Central Africa Regional Programme United Nations Avenue PO Box 30677 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 20 7224 000, via USA +1 650 833 6645 Fax: +254 20 7224 001, via USA +1 650 833 6646 Email: b.jama@cgiar.org Internet: www.worldagroforestry.org © World Agroforestry Centre 2005 ICRAF Working Paper no. 1 Photos: World Agroforestry Centre Staff Articles appearing in this publication may be quoted or reproduced without charge, provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes. All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and...
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...American International Journal of Contemporary Research Vol. 4 No. 1; January 2014 Kenya’s Social Development Proposals and Challenges: Review of Kenya Vision 2030 First Medium-Term Plan, 2008-2012 Ezekiel Mbitha Mwenzwa Department of Social Sciences Karatina University P. O. Box 1951, Karatina, Kenya. Joseph Akuma Misati Department of Sociology Maasai Mara University P. O. Box 861 20500, Narok, Kenya. Abstract Kenya faces several development challenges including poverty, disease, unemployment, negative civic engagement among others. The development bottlenecks worsened following the introduction of the IMF/World Bank-propelled Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) of the late 1970s and early 1980s. While the SAPs had envisaged benefits, they largely became part of the problem rather than the solution to development in Kenya. Accompanying these were negative civic engagements, particularly, ethnic conflict and political maladministration especially after the re-introduction of multiparty politics in the early 1990s. These drawbacks notwithstanding, development planning went on culminating in the Economic Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment Creation (ERSWEC) 2003-2007 in 2002 and its successor, the Kenya Vision 2030 in 2007. While the former was implemented, the latter is on course with the First Five Year Medium-Term Plan running from 2008 to 2012 recently concluded. The blueprint is driven by three pillars, namely; The economic, social and...
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...In this paper I will be arguing the importance for development efforts to specifically address the needs indigenous populations to promote sustainable livelihoods, while preserving their indigenous identities and rights.. These topics will be explored through a brief examination of the history on Guatemalan rights and discrimination, and through examining the evolution of corporate development efforts, NGO work and their involvement with the Maya. This paper will also discuss criticisms of current models. Key Words: Development, Indigenous Rights, Sustainable Livelihoods The Evolution of Economic and Rights-Based Development for the Indigenous Maya of Guatemala It is well established that indigenous populations tend to be disproportionately...
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...Agrosearch (2008 & 2009) 10 No. 1&2: 75 - 88 COMPARING PROFITABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF RESOURCE USE IN VEGETABLE PRODUCTION UNDER PRIVATE AND GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED IRRIGATION SCHEMES IN NIGERIA ZAKARIYA’U, L. and OGUNGBILE, A.O. 1 1 2 Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, Commercial Agriculture Development Project, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Abuja, Nigeria. 2 Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. ABSTRACT This study compared resource allocation, yield, net farm income and resource use efficiency under private and government controlled vegetable irrigation schemes. Production data covering three vegetable enterprises were collected from 280 respondents. This consisted of 141 from private and 139 from government irrigation schemes, in the Kwanar-Are irrigation areas of Katsina State, Nigeria. Descriptive and econometric analyses were used to analyze the sample data. Our results indicated that though more purchased inputs are allocated in government scheme, the private scheme was more efficient in terms of resource use. Average net farm incomes per hectare were N373,040, N427,070 and N285,975 for pepper, tomato and onion enterprises respectively under the private irrigation schemes. They were N210,045, N325,891 and N244,748 for pepper, tomato and onion enterprises respectively in the government irrigation schemes. Similarly, average returns on naira investment were higher under the private irrigation...
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