...Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 9 ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANK ISLAMIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE ISLAMIC BANKING: ANSWERS TO SOME FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Mabid Ali Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal Occasional Paper No.4 1422H 2001 Mabid Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal 10 Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 11Mabid Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal 12 Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 13 FOREWORD In the last quarter of a century, there has been a great interest in the Islamic banking system both at private and public levels. There is an earnest and widespread desire to understand the system. Academicians, bankers and general public, all, have some genuine questions and concerns. Policy makers in the monetary and financial sectors of the IDB member countries have also often asked the Islamic Research and Training Institute (IRTI) some basic questions of theoretical and practical importance about the elimination of interest from the national economies of Muslim countries and the transformation of the prevailing conventional system to an Islamic one. Some of these questions reflect a desire to understand the basic concepts of Islamic finance while others relate to the creation of an enabling environment through macroeconomic reform and structural adjustments that are needed to establish the Islamic financial system and the complications that arise when an effort is made to bring about the transformation...
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...Islamic Banking and Finance: History Development Slide #1 Some Issues History Of IBF Development of IBF -Overview- 2. Islamic Banking and Finance: History and Development History and Development of IBF in Bahrain Full Fledged IB vs. IB windows • Word ‘bank’ comes from the word ‘banco’ - A table or a bench on which Italian money-changers used to display their monies and records and conduct their transactions History of Islamic Banking and Finance • Arabic financial and economic system preIslam – Trading based arrangements were common • Bay’ al-musawamah (bargaining) • Bay’ al-muzayadah (auctioning) • Bay’ al-amanah (trust sale) – Al-murabahah (resale with profit) – Al-tawliyyah (resale at cost) – Al-wadiah (resale at loss or below cost) History of IBAF- (2) – Barter trade was common – Al-sarf (money exchange) • Lack of standardization – for e.g., 10 grams of gold in coin form = 15 grams of gold in bracelet form – Institutionalization of riba – Widespread gharar and maysir – Monopoly, fraud and economic injustice was common History of IBAF- (3) • With the advent of Islam, – Eradication of riba institutions and practices – Eradication of gharar transactions – Institutionalization of fair and equitable markets • No monopoly, fraud • Standardization of money and commodity exchanges – Hadith on the six commodities – Islamization of many business organizations and institutions • Mudarabah, musyarakah, salam, muzara’ah (sharecropping or partnership...
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...1.0 Abstract Islamic Finance is an abstract concept until the first half of the twentieth century. In Malaysia, it has been almost three decades when the first Islamic bank makes its debut. Islamic banks have to compete with its competitors which is a conventional banks which have longer history than Islamic banks. For this competition, Islamic Finance have to know the awareness, understanding and perceptions of Malaysians towards it. Islamic Finance not only available for Muslims, but it also available for non-Muslims as well. In Malaysia, 40% of the population is non-Muslims and hence non-Muslims market is equally important to Islamic Finance (Bashir & Mail, 2011; Latiff, 2007). The purpose of this research is to examine the level of awareness, understanding and perceptions of Muslims in Malaysia of Islamic Banking products and services. In additional, this study also aims to investigate if any demographic influence it’s means the structure of population of the awareness, understanding and perceptions of Islamic Finance products and services among Muslims in Malaysia. A total of 50 respondents from different course and carrier in Unikl are selected for the purpose of this study. For the analysis, we used the primary data and Secondary data was adopted to analyse the results. The results show that more than half of the respondents are aware of the Islamic Finance in Malaysia but they do not aware of most of the products and services offered by Islamic banks. Muslims understanding...
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...team Part 2 changes in banking philosophy or principles Mision vision obj corporate strategy Part 3 changes in banking practices and practical application of islamic bank Implement islamic or not Trading activities Product Annual reports Donation Sponsorship Part 4 problem Effect Solution Financial statement PART ONE Board of Directors | | Mr. Salah Mohd I Al Jaidah Chairman | | Dr. Saleh Jameel Malaikah Deputy Chairman | | | | Dr. Fouad Hayel Saeed Director | | Mr. Shahzad Shahbaz Director | | | | Mr. Subrata Kumar Mitra Director | | Mr. Syed Maqbul Quader Director | | | | | | | | | Dato’ Dr Md Khir Bin Abdul Rahman Independent Non Executive Director | | Dato’ Noorazman Bin Abd Aziz Independent Non Executive Director | | | | Dato' Sri Dr. Muhammad Shafee Bin Muhammad Abdullah Independent Non Executive Director | | | | Management Team | | | Datuk Mohamed Azahari Kamil Chief Executive Officer | | | | | | Roslan Hj Shafiei Chief Operating Officer | | | Abdul Latif Bujang Masli Chief Financial Officer | | | | | | Sharifah Normah Acting Head, Risk Management | | | Azidy Bin Daud Treasurer | | | | | | Faris Yahya Head, Investment Banking | | | Zamri Shariff Head, Asset Management | | | | | | Mohd Fauzi Mohd Salleh Acting Head, Corporate Banking | | | Balasubramaniam...
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...1. What is Islamic Finance? Islamic Finance Definition Islamic Finance is differs from conventional finance in that Islam prohibits charging interest on loans. It involves the provision of financial products and services by institution offering Islamic Financial Services (IIFS) for Shariah approved underlying transaction and economic activities, based on contract that comply with Shariah law. Shariah is the factor that distinguish Islamic Finance from Conventional Finance. . Islamic finance is a form of finance that is based on Shariah, or the body of Islamic law. Shariah, “the way to the source of life” is filled with moral purpose and lessons on the truth, and is more than just a set of legal rules. Shariah represents the idea that all human beings and governments are subject to justice under the law. It is common to use the term “Shariah-complaint” to describe anything that is permissible under Islamic law. Shariah prohibits the acceptance of a specific interest or fees (Riba) for loans of money. Islamic finance involves structuring financial instruments and financial transactions to satisfy traditional Muslim strictures against the payment of interest and against engaging in gambling. It is a field of growing importance for conservative Muslims, especially in the Middle East, who are uncomfortable with Western-style bonds and banking that involve explicit payments of interest Shariah, the law of Islam, originates from two principal sources: the Quran, the Holy Book...
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...Developments of Islamic Banking in Pakistan & Malaysia: An Analytical Review Abstract This study compares Islamic banking operations currently practiced in Pakistan and Malaysia. Both countries started Islamic banking in early 1980’s but employed entirely different approaches. Pakistan attempted to convert the entire financial system in accordance with Islamic law at once at national level. Malaysia adopted the gradual application approach. It allowed Islamic and conventional banking systems to operate and to compete for deposits on parallel basis. This study examines the Pakistani and Malaysian approaches towards the implementation of Islamic banking in their respective countries. It recognizes lack of commitment and long term planning problems in case of Pakistan. Introduction Islamic banking system has emerged as a competitive and a viable substitute for the conventional banking system during the last three decades. It is especially true for Muslim world where presently Islamic banking strides at two separate fronts. At one side, efforts are also underway to covert the entire financial systems in accordance to Islamic laws (Shariah). At the other side, separate Islamic banks are allowed to operate in parallel to conventional interest based banks. Pakistan and Malaysia are the two good examples of above mentioned approaches. Both countries adopted different tracks for the same ultimate destination of developing full fledge viable Islamic financial...
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...sectors in 2007 and 2009 and there are no significant differences in 2008, which indicates the effect of the crisis on both sectors. IBs outperform TBs in 2007 and TBs outperform IBs in 2009. This result indicates the spread of the crisis to the real economy where IBs usually operate. INTRODUCTION Forty years ago Islamic Finance was virtually an unknown system; interestingly it has expanded to become a distinctive and fast growing segment of the International Financials markets. With a growth rate that ranges from 15% to 20% (EL- Qoroshy 2005). Islamic Finance in general and Islamic banking in specific become main players in the financial world. According to the IMF survey (2010) the total capital managed under Islamic Finance systems was estimated to be $820 billion at the end of 2008. More than 200 Islamic Banks operate in over than 70 countries concentrated in the MENA region and many western countries (Hassan & lewis, 2007). Obviously, the Islamic Banking sector attracts more attention during the financial crisis started in 2008. This attention is justified by the minor effect of the crisis on the financial institutions that comply to Islamic sharia’a (laws) (Chapra, 2008). In...
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...What is Sharia Banking? London is the leading Islamic banking center in the West, and the Netherlands is seeking to overtake London in this regard. Wall Street is becoming enamored with Islamic banking (also known as Sharia banking) and this banking model is rapidly gaining acceptance in the Western world. Unlike the traditional banking model most Westerners are familiar with, Islamic banks are managed according to Sharia law. The main difference between Western banking and Islamic banking is the Quran prohibits the collection of interest in all monetary transactions, charging fees (and donations) for services provided in lieu of charging interest on loaned capital. Islamic banks are also governed by a Sharia Advisory Board, which is comprised of Islamic scholars and clerics who are responsible to ensure all of the bank's activities are in strict compliance with Sharia (Islamic) law. Those in favor of Islamic banking believe the Islamic banking system is superior to the capitalistic model of the West, because it is structured around a "strict code of ethics" (based on the Quran) and is prohibited from "exploitative practices" (including the charging of interest). According to Islamic banking proponents, this allows banking to be an integral part of a moral society (governed by the Quran). In contrast, they believe capitalism is solely focused on money (profit) and this incites greed and the exploitation of others, which leads to the social problems in the West, including the division...
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...business. The two careers I researched were International Corporate attorney and Investment banker. Hopefully the details provided in this report will give you solace. I found information that brings to light what my future career should be. I believe I told you international law was something that interested me while a career in finance such as investment banking was also on my mind. My decision is based upon the best available research and is also the best decision for me more importantly. Since this report is based on my needs, I think that it is best to reveal them. My goal is to someday raise a family somewhere in the United States. So the criteria I am evaluating my career decision on is based with that goal in mind. There are specific needs that I would like filled with my career and families have unique needs. This report will contain many facts and figures based on research collected over a large period of time. The kinds of information provided in this report include salaries, employment outlook, education, and overall job experience. When I was researching law, I found that you were right about most of it. I was so startled by the overwhelming data on attorneys and how the law school system is misleading. There are many others in my class that would like to become attorneys and I hope they came...
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...Core Courses Undergraduate Electives Undergraduate Specialization Project / One Additional course Total Credit Hours 36 60 24 12 3 135 Undergraduate Core Courses S.NO C. CODE TITLE 1. ACT201 Principles of Accounting 2. ACT501 Financial Accounting 3. ACT301 Cost Accounting 4. FIN201 Business Finance 5. FIN505 Financial Institutions & Markets 6. FIN501 Financial Management 7. MKT201 Principles of Marketing 8. MKT507 Marketing Management 9. MGT202 Principles of Management 10. MGT502 Human Resource Management 11. MGT501 Organizational Behaviour 12. MGT507 Operations Management 13. MGT401 Entrepreneurship 14. MGT506 Business Research Methods 15. GEN501 Business Communication & Report Writing 16. ECO201 Principles of Microeconomics 17. ECO202 Principles of Macroeconomics 18. GEN303 Creative Thinking and Reasoning 19. FIN301 Islamic Banking & Finance 20. QNT501 Mathematics & Statistics for Business Sub Total Approved Scheme of Study BBA (Hons) 4 Year Program 60 GENERAL COURSES S.NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. C. CODE GEN103 GEN104 GEN110 GEN113 GEN111 GEN107 GeN108 MGT201 ITM201 GEN202 GEN301 GEN302 COURSE TITLE Arabic-I Arabic-II Islamic Perspective of Business Islamic Law of Business Transactions Pakistan Studies Functional English-I Functional English-II Oral Communication & presentation IT in Business Human Behaviour Introduction to Sociology Business, Society & Ethics Sub Total Cr 36 Undergraduate Electives of 24 Credit Hours from the following list: S...
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...ISLAMIC BANKING SYSTEM & PRODUCTS Name Course Instructor Institution Date Islamic banking Introduction Over the past decades, Islamic banking has expanded into a distinctive and fast growing competitive substitute to conventional banking in many countries. Despite the rapid expansion of the Islamic banking system in recent years, little is however understood of how it differs from conventional banking systems, especially in the non Muslim world. Although Islamic banking works in accordance with the Islamic laws (shariah), in other countries, they are allowed to operate incomparably with the conventional banks that are interest based. The desire of Muslim communities to reorganize their social economic activities, and revival of financial institutions such as Zakah on an interest free basis can be said to be the main drivers to the development of Islamic baking over the past (Wilson, 1994: 110). Nevertheless, Islamic banking is not a religious product as it may insinuate, but it can rather be understood as a series of growing financial products that are developed with the aim of meeting the requirements of Islamic culture and its people (Sole, J. A., 2007: 6). Thus theses systems have developed so as to enable Muslims to invest savings and equally raise finance without compromising their religious and ethical practices. In order to comprehend the fundamental principles of operation of the Islamic banking system, it is thus necessary to understand what it is. There is...
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...Abstract This goal of this research is to find out if Islamic Banking is a better alternative to the Western, Conventional Banking. The information provided will reveal various Islamic Banking principles that would have prevented previous major economic crises and if applied globally today could prevent a major economic collapse. Islamic Banking is banking system based on Shari'a (Islamic) Law on which it developed its unique characteristics that will be discussed in this paper. Shari'a Law does not allow the use of Interest (Riba), trading in financial risk, and investing in businesses that are considered unlawful according to the Quraan and Islamic scholars. Shari'a law in Islamic Banking is meant to promote economic and development through the means of disciplined investing, fair risk sharing, and profit or loss sharing (Warde, 2000). The literature that will be examined in this paper will show that Islamic Banking is a good alternative to the current global banking system, however, it will be near impossible to revamp the existing banking system and replace it with Islamic Banking because it goes against many of the core principles of conventional banking that the global economy is built on which has been around for decades. Brief History The main goal of Islamic banks was to promote social and economical welfare in society through guiding investors and offering financial assistance to businesses by engaging in profit sharing transactions (Warde, 2000). Islamic banks...
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...About Al Baraka | | Al Baraka Islamic Bank B.S.C. (c) - Bahrain (AIB - Bahrain) established 1984 in Bahrain and up the years has pioneered the development of Islamic banking and finance. The Bank is registered with the Bahrain Ministry of Industry &, Commerce CR no. 14400 and is licensed by Central Bank of Bahrain (CBB) as an Islamic Retail Bank, with an authorized capital of US$ 600 Million, of which US$ 122 Million has been issued and fully paid.AIB - Bahrain is one of the Banking Units of Al Baraka Banking Group's (ABG). ABG is a Bahraini Joint Stock Company listed on Bahrain and Dubai stock exchanges and one of the well-known leading international Islamic banks. It has been rated by Standard & Poor's as BBB- with a short-term rating of A-3. ABG offers retail, corporate and investment banking and treasury services strictly in accordance with the principles of the Sharia'a. The authorized capital of ABG is US$1.5 billion, while the total equity amounts to about US$ 1.8 billion. The Group has a wide geographical presence in the form of subsidiary banking Units in 14 countries, which in turn provide their services through more than 400 branches. These banking Units are Jordan Islamic Bank/ Jordan, Al Baraka Islamic Bank - Bahrain, Al Baraka Bank Limited/ Pakistan, Banque Al Baraka D'Algerie/ Algeria, Al Baraka Bank Sudan/ Sudan, Al Baraka Bank Ltd/ South Africa, Al Baraka Bank Lebanon/ Lebanon, Al Baraka Bank Tunisia/ Tunisia, Al Baraka Bank Egypt/ Egypt, Al Baraka...
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...Finance | The Rise of the Sukuk in Indonesia’s Islamic Finance Industry Islamic banking is one of the fastest-growing segments in international finance. Indonesia is home to the world's largest Muslim population (around 210 million), yet its share in Islamic finance is still low. Neighbouring Malaysia, with less than a tenth of Indonesia's population, has effectively turned itself into a global leader for sharia-compliant banking. But Indonesia's new Financial Services Authority (OJK) looks determined to help the country catch up. Sukuk will remain the heavyweight Islamic asset class in Indonesia (and globally) for the foreseeable future, buoyed by the immense capital needed for infrastructure development At a time when conventional investment products in developed economies have lost appeal due to their unattractively low yields, investors around the world are turning to sukuk, a kind of bond that is permitted under the Koran. Compared to conventional securities, sukuk usually offer higher returns and are considered fairly safe because they are backed by tangible assets. For Indonesia, this is an opportune context to carve out for itself a greater share of the global market. Realising the potential that Islamic finance holds for Indonesia's emerging economy, such as funding massive infrastructure development (See Indonesian Infrastructure: Tremendous PPP Opportunities), deepening the country's capital markets and making them more resilient to global downturns, the government...
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...RISK MANAGEMENT IN ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE: THE ARAB FINANCE HOUSE EXAMPLE Bilal A. Fleifel A Thesis Submitted to the University of North Carolina Wilmington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Business Administration Cameron School of Business University of North Carolina Wilmington 2009 Approved By Advisory Committee Howard Rasheed Cetin Ciner William H. Sackley Chair Accepted By DN: cn=Robert D. Roer, o=UNCW, ou=Dean of the Graduate School & Research, email=roer@uncw. edu, c=US Date: 2010.01.21 15:02:51 -05'00' ________________________ Dean, Graduate School TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................ vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. vii DEDICATION .................................................................................................................. viii LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. ix LIST OF FIGURES...............................................................................................................x GLOSSARY .............................
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