...Teachers are expected to create their own lesson plan. It is a guideline for teachers learn pedagogical concepts in students’ education. It is also a conceptual methodological tool that helps teachers in making a lesson plan on a desire topic so that they can implement the lesson plan and assess its results. An objective is very important part of the lesson plan due that it describe the purposes and aims of the learning outcomes. Learning outcomes outline the significant learning results that the students are expected to achieve and demonstrate at the end of the class. In this process students can identify the skills and knowledge they have learned after the subject is taken place. The ABCD method is also a big part in creating a lesson plan that helps in writing instructional objectives that could integrate Bloom’s taxonomy of learning theory and two dimensional frame works. These methods are essential tools in guiding the teacher in preparing and implementing his or her lesson plan properly and orderly. Key words: instructional objectives, learning theory, learning outcomes The ABCD method of writing objective is widely uses in every structure instructional objectives. The ABCD methods can be used in Grade 7 Math class with multicultural classroom. In today’s classroom population are increasingly diverse. With these type of population teachers should and must strive to meet the standards set by government and school district in reaching these students to learn...
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...Bloom's Taxonomy of Education Benjamin S. Bloom contributed to education policy and practice in the history of education. Bloom’s research directed the advancement of many educational programs and provided tools for educator to help students learn. His research on education was conducted from 1940 to 1959 and focused on the relationships between methods of instruction, educational outcomes and measurement of those outcomes. Bloom’s wrote his first book in 1950 which led to the work , the “Taxonomy of Educational Objectives.” His most distinguished contribution to teaching and learning was developing a theory for teachers to provide correct instruction for their students. The revised Bloom’s Taxonomy is used as a framework for continuing education . The purpose of continuing education is to improve nurses’ skills to provide quality patient care. Nurses need to transfer her knowledge from continuing education to everyday practice. Educators can aid the process or transferring knowledge but not to acquire instructional outline. The revised Bloom’s taxonomy incorporates instructional outline into the taxonomy plan to support transfer of knowledge and helps educators to create correct instruction. The application of the research conducted on Bloom’s taxonomy on nursing education provides guidelines to teach , organize lesson plan, assess the strategies in teaching and to evaluate the strategies of teaching. The application...
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...An Evaluation of E-Learning on the Basis of Bloom’s Taxonomy: An Exploratory Study LEILA A. HALAWI AMERICAN UNIVERSITY IN DUBAI DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES RICHARD V. MCCARTHY QUINNIPIAC UNIVERSITY HAMDEN, CONNECTICUT SANDRA PIRES BOWLING GREEN UNIVERSITY BOWLING GREEN, OHIO ABSTRACT. Universities have rushed to expand their delivery of courses through ABSTRACT. e-learning environments. But is e-learning effective? The authors conducted an exploratory study to evaluate e-learning through WebCT on the basis of Bloom’s taxonomy. The authors distributed 75 questionnaires to investigate whether individual or instructional factors play an important role in learning when using WebCT. On the basis of analysis of surveys from undergraduate students at a medium-sized university in the southeastern region of the United States, the authors determined that individual and instructional factors do not play a major role in the learning process. Keywords: Bloom’s taxonomy, e-learning, WebCT Copyright © 2009 Heldref Publications worldwide drastic change occurred in the educational system at the end of the 20th century. Various institutions have tried to bring change to the educational system and to bolster student accomplishments by focusing on schools, teachers, and students responsible for academic learning and achievement (Rothman, 1995). E-learning is an increasingly common form of instructional delivery available in academic and business arenas. E-learning environments are becoming...
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...Training Human Resources Discuss in depth the four phases of the training process. Include a discussion of the methodology used in each phase. The need for training future and present employees is important to the success of any organization. Although management styles differ from one organization to another, they will generally follow a four-phase training process that includes assessment, design, delivery, and evaluation. During the assessment stage the training needs are recognized. Design is the next phase of training where learning objectives and outcomes are established. Once a training program has been developed, the training is scheduled, conducted, and monitored (Mathis & Jackson, 2011). The final stage, evaluation, measures the results of the training program. Needs assessment is crucial in identifying information that needs to be addressed before beginning the training program. By determining training needs, the organization can decide the specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to improve job performance. There are three sources that can be used to analyze training needs. The first source, organizational analysis, enables organizations to focus on their strengths and weaknesses, strategies, goals, and objectives. Furthermore, this assessment of will determine the skills, knowledge, and ability needs of an organization. The second source, job/task analysis, defines a job in terms of the KSAs needed to perform the required daily tasks of...
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...phases: 1) Analysis 2) Design 3) Development 4) Implementation 5) Evaluation Phases of ADDIE: 1) Analysis: During the analysis phase, the learner’s goals, objectives and learning problems are identified by the instructor. The learning environment, modes of imparting the knowledge and any other constrain are also observed by the instructor. 2) Design: This is the next sequential stage in the ADDIE model where a blue print or prototype of the learning material is made catering to the needs of the learner. A detailed systematic design is created for the user here. 3) Development: Actual creation of the learning material It could be an integration of various tools and technologies. Developing the procedure for the maximum learning outcome is focused on this phase. 4) Implementation: The designed plan is put into action in this phase for the learner by imparting knowledge through the planned tools and activities. 5) Evaluation: This phase is a tool to find out the effectiveness of the learning program. It ensures that all the learning goals of the process are met. This tool also helps to figure out any changes to be made in the learning program for providing the maximum positive learning experience to the learner. Definition of Gagne’s Theory of Instruction model: To cater to different learning styles Robert...
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...Critical Thinkers and Education A Teachers Goal Bia Mcgrue Scypion EDU372: Educational Psychology Prof. Jimletta Vareene-Thomas 2/20/2016 Critical Thinkers and Education A Teachers Goal Throughout life we are challenged and we encounter an abundance of issues or problems that we need to solve. Some problems that can be resolved effortlessly and efficiently but other obstacles may require a more critical and creative thinking to overcome. When it comes down to thinking to solve problems we depend on our thinking or give some regurgitated answer that we just read. But “much of our thinking, left to itself, is biased, distorted, partial, uninformed, or downright prejudiced” (TCTC, 2016). The purpose of critical thinking is so that we are able to not only accomplish or attain understanding but also so we can assess or check each other’s frame of reference and eventually clarify the question or dilemma at hand. Some would argue whose challenge is it to get students to move pass their beliefs and assumption. Is it on students to dig deeper to gain or find additional tools and information that leads to developing a more in depth thought process. Richard Dawkins expressed that we should “not indoctrinate your children. Teach them how to think for themselves, how to evaluate evidence, and how to disagree with you” (Dawkins, 2015). Picture a student who completes every assignment follows along attentively writes down the notes and answers the questions with the information found...
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...large scale, aims at making children capable of becoming active, responsible, productive, and caring members of society. Hence for responsibility of the school and teachers became more important in formal form of education, with the changing needs of the time, we need to change the pattern of instructional strategies so that educational aim can be achieved. With continuous and comprehensive evaluation we must adopt modified entities of cognitive domains known as revised version of Bloom’s Taxonomy developed by Dr. Lorin Anderson, 1999, a former student of Bloom's, and his colleagues. The updated version of Bloom’s Taxonomy with respect to cognitive domain under scholastic aspect in formal education system can be used for the purpose of 21st century formal classroom for teaching-learning as they are from simplest to most complex objectives: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. Keywords: Lesson Planning, Content analysis, Learning Objectives, Student Learning Outcomes, Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) 1. INTRODUCTION: With development of different educational theories and approaches like Behaviorism[John B.Watson; Skinner; Ivan Pavlov and others], Cognitivism [ jerome bruner ;Vygotsky; Jean Piaget and others], Constructivist [Vygotsky; Jean Piaget and others], Neuroeducation...
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...because it provided value to its customers. True False 2. Marketing is an activity that only large firms with specialized departments can use. True False 3. Good marketing is not a random activity. True False 4. Understanding a market's needs and wants is fundamental to marketing success. True False 5. Marketers would prefer to sell their products and services to everyone but it is not practical to do so. True False 6. The four Ps include persistence, promotion, presence, and performance. True False 7. Thoughts, opinions, philosophies and intellectual concepts fit the concepts of neither goods nor services, and they cannot really be marketed. True False 1-1 Chapter 01 - Overview of Marketing 8. The goals of marketing promotion are youth, style, and sex appeal. True False 9. The group of firms that makes and delivers a given set of goods and services is known as a supply chain. True False 10. Value is what you get for what you give. True False 11. In co-creation, the customer is involved as a collaborator in the creation of a product or service, which provides additional value to the customer. True False 12. Value-based marketing supports developing long-term customer loyalty. True False 13. During the past decade or so, marketers have begun to realize that they need to think about their customer orientation in terms of transactions rather than relationships. True False 14. In value-based marketing firms, the economics department is responsible for coordinating all aspects of supply...
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...large scale, aims at making children capable of becoming active, responsible, productive, and caring members of society. Hence for responsibility of the school and teachers became more important in formal form of education, with the changing needs of the time, we need to change the pattern of instructional strategies so that educational aim can be achieved. With continuous and comprehensive evaluation we must adopt modified entities of cognitive domains known as revised version of Bloom’s Taxonomy developed by Dr. Lorin Anderson, 1999, a former student of Bloom's, and his colleagues. The updated version of Bloom’s Taxonomy with respect to cognitive domain under scholastic aspect in formal education system can be used for the purpose of 21st century formal classroom for teaching-learning as they are from simplest to most complex objectives: remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. Keywords: Lesson Planning, Content analysis, Learning Objectives, Student Learning Outcomes, Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) 1. INTRODUCTION: With development of different educational theories and approaches like Behaviorism[John B.Watson; Skinner; Ivan Pavlov and others], Cognitivism [ jerome bruner ;Vygotsky; Jean Piaget and others], Constructivist [Vygotsky; Jean Piaget and others], Neuroeducation [Johns Hopkins...
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...memorising, content delivery, creating and structured reading, but all activities must help in achieving the original intended learning outcome(s). Now the course assessments are formulated based on the course intended learning outcomes and course activities. These assessments could be of any type, including the formative, summative, direct or indirect methods of assessment, nevertheless they should be directly aligned with the intended learning outcomes and be the indicator of the student’s learnings. With the standard rubrics the course activity could become a form of assessment. It was observed that the alignment results in student’s and teacher’s satisfaction. The alignment gave students a deep learning of the topics under discussion rather than just superficial understanding (Biggs 1996, 2010; Ascough 2011: Wang...
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...prepared to reach or even surpass their content knowledge and skill level. The Common Core standards are considered to be the standardized curriculum expectancy that all students should meet. In taking an in-depth look however; the standards are not quite specific about what the students should be able to master. There are many ways that teachers may feel they are reaching these standards. On the contrary, if students are not able to answer higher order thinking skills questions and meet the advanced levels of the bloom’s taxonomy scale seen in Figure 1, then they are getting a very general and mediocre idea of what the curriculum requires of them. The Common Core standards to have true significance, there must be a definitive way to evaluate them. Formative and summative assessments are not only helpful in this instance but also necessary in evaluating whether educators are accurately instructing rigor in the classroom. Moreover, it shows if all students are learning at high...
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...achieve the professional status of a nurse. I will discuss my learning styles and identify key developmental needs to be addressed. There will be discussions on the concepts of professionalism and accountability. In the United Kingdom today all newly qualified nurses must have a nursing degree as required by The Nursing and Midwifery Council. This significant overhaul to Florence Nightingale’s eighteenth century era, apprenticeship style learning system (Bradshaw, A. 2001), has led to fundamental changes in nursing education in the twenty first century; both in theory and practice. Today nurses are challenged with up-to date demands, including innovative medical treatments, leading to an aging population, with complex health values (Cherry, B. 2005). In addition, knowledgeable patients, who are averse to being told what to do but expect greater involvement in their own care planning. The need for graduate nurses is supported by the Willis Commission Report (2012) which argues that ‘our future healthcare services will require graduate nurses nursing and leading healthcare teams in a variety of roles, providing care in many settings’. The concept of accountability and professionalism was highlighted at the start of my course. I have started both an academic programme and a professional career pathway. Thus I am answerable to two organisations; first is the University of West London (UWL) who is facilitating my learning and secondly, to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). Both...
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...Learning Styles: Fact or Fiction, A Literature Review of Learning Styles Guy F. Workman This paper was completed and submitted in partial fulfillment of the Master Teacher Program, a 2-year faculty professional development program conducted by the Center for Teaching Excellence, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, 2012. Author Information During my fourth deployment, my Brigade Commander notified me that I had been selected to teach at West Point. This new assignment struck me as odd for two reasons: first, I had not applied for the position, and second, during college, I was not what you’d call a “stand-out” student. To say that I was surprised to find myself preparing to teach college students was an understatement. I was secretly daunted by the idea but upon arrival to West Point, I learned of the Master Teacher Program. The thought “Oh thank God” entered my head, as it seemed the answer to the question “How am I going to learn to teach these kids?” had just fallen into my lap. While participating in the Master Teacher Program, I was introduced to methodologies of questioning, levels of questioning, class dynamics, class discipline, academic integrity, and a myriad of other pedagogy topics. Early in the program, I was introduced to the theory of Learning Styles. Surely everyone has heard such things as “He’s a visual learner,” or “I think people learn better by doing,” and so on. Initially, I gave the concept little consideration (as the importance...
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...Mentorship Module In this essay I aim to reflect and critically analyse my completion of the learning development plan and to identify how the skills and knowledge that I have gained as a mentor will enable me to lead learning in my area of practice. I will be using the What model of reflection (Driscoll 2000) throughout this essay. What? - As part of the mentorship module I was required to complete a Learning Development Plan (LDP). Part of the LDP involved writing a lesson plan which was then taught to a student under the supervision of my mentor. A copy of the lesson plan can be found within the LDP. An assessment plan was then used to evaluate the learning that had taken place and to assess the competency of the student. I am employed as a Paramedic Practitioner by a National Health Service (NHS) Ambulance Trust and I decided to teach the skill of Intubation to a student Paramedic. The lesson plan included assessing the level of knowledge of my student at the start in order to pitch the lesson at the right level. Gopee (2008:47) cites Ausubel et al (1978) on the view that most meaningful cognitive learning takes place as a result of interaction between the knowledge the individual already processes, and the new information that the individual encounters. Thus the most important factor influencing the learner is what the learner already knows. In order to assess my student, I used the Airway Management assessment sheet currently in use by my Ambulance Trust (NHS Ambulance...
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...person who has special skills or knowledge on a particular topic or job.” SMEs are highly accessed by instructional designers to extract intelligence when developing courseware and learning programs (Training Industry2014).” SMEs are called to serve as guest teachers, instructors or lecturers or for training purposes. I consider the SME instructor to be an expert because they should have the proper training to be able to teach, instruct and answer any question that needs to be answered in their field of training. In my opinion, SMEs need to focus on their business, increase turnover, and improve quality. To do this, SMEs need to embrace all of the outsourcing services. This will allow SMEs time to concentrate on building their business and not concentrating or worrying about various tasks that can’t be handled all at one time. A SME in cosmetology, should be a person who knows all the skills and have at least 25 years of experience under their belt. They should know all the ends and outs when dealing wwith hair, skilled in treatments of the skin, be knowledgeable in the chemistry of the products and be able to consult clients by looking at the shape of their face on what style looks better on them. When speaking on the cosmetology business, the first thing that pops in the mind will probably be a hair style. Cosmetology is one of the most booming businesses alive today and it has many corporations with CEO’s SME’s and other great positions, like stylist or even receptionist of a...
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