...Depicting Molecules and Ions with Lewis Structures Lewis structures, also called electron-dot structures or electron-dot diagrams, are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule. A Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently-bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. Using the Octet Rule to Write Lewis Structures The octet rule tells us that all atoms want eight valence electrons (except for hydrogen, which wants only two), so they can be like the nearest noble gas. Use the octet rule to figure out how many electrons each atom in the molecule should have, and add them up. The only weird element is boron - it wants six electrons. Lewis Structures for Molecules with Single Bonds The atoms share a pair of electrons, and that pair is referred to as a bonding pair. The pairs of electrons which do not participate in the bond have traditionally been called "lone pairs". A single bond can be represented by the two dots of the bonding pair, or by a single line which represents that pair. The single line representation for a bond is commonly used in drawing Lewis structures for molecules. · Hydrogen atoms form one bond. · Carbon atoms four bonds. · Nitrogen atoms form three bonds. · Oxygen atoms form two bonds. · Halogens form one bond when they are surrounding atoms; fluorine is always surrounding atom. Lewis Structures for Molecules with Multiple Bonds ...
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...Group # 3 201210135 Group Members: Chanelle Leach CH 112L-03 Kevion Young General Chemistry II Lab Zakita Jones February 25, 2014 –March 25, 2014 Labs # 3 and 4 Title: Chemical Bonding Lewis Structures and Shapes of Molecules and Ions References/Tools: 1. Chapter 9: Models of Chemical Bonding 2. Chapter 10: The Shapes of Molecules 3. The Modern Periodic Table 4. Electron Configuration (SPDF notation, Orbital diagram), Lewis Symbols, Lewis Structures, Molecular Formulas, and Molecular Diagrams 5. Ion and Molecules, Tetrahedral Geometry (109 degrees) , Planar Geometry (120 degrees), and Linear geometry (180 degrees) 6. Page 279 7. VESPR Theory (Chapter 10) (Valence Electrons Pair Repulsion Theory) Objective: To learn and study about chemical bonding, chemical formulas, Lewis structures, bond angles, geometry and shapes of molecules and molecular ions. Definitions/Concepts/Theories/Formulas Chapter 9 1. Ionic Bonding- the complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the non-metal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion. 2. Covalent...
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...CHE 111- Summer 2016 NAME __Chelsea Dennis __ Dr. Shree Iyengar Homework #7 ------------------------------------------------- This homework covers the major concepts in Chapters 8 and 9, which are very closely related. You should consult the lab manual for relevant information on ‘geometries of molecules.’ There are Chapter notes available for this material under 'Modules' in Canvas. Learning Outcome for Chapters 8 and 9: When you complete reading the chapter and practicing the end-of-chapter exercises, you are expected the have the following skills as learning outcomes: * Use appropriate models of chemical bonding to explain the structure of molecules ------------------------------------------------- 1. Explain how the Octet Rule is used in the following situations; you should include relevant electron configurations to support your answer. a. ionic bond formation between Mg and P Mg would like to get rid of 2 electrons in the valence shell to obey the Octet rule and P would like to gain 3 electrons to obey the Octet rule. So P will take 2 of Mg electrons to become stable. b. covalent bond formation in NCl3 N would have to gain 3 electrons to obey the Octet rule and Cl would have to gain 1 electron. So N can pair with 3 Cl to become stable and Cl will be stable as well. 2. Write the abbreviated electron configuration for each of the...
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...biomimetics, involves studying the way functions are delivered in biology and then translating those functions into designs that suit human needs. Architects, scientists and engineers involved in biomimicry have recognized that nature is the world’s largest science and engineering lab with 3.8 billion years of experience. Using nature as both inspiration and guide, biomimics research, experiment with, and create innovative designs that help solve problems in our human societies. Nature-inspired building designs and methods can provide more efficient ways for people to thrive in their environments. Biomimicry in Design and Energy Conservation The Biometric Building is only one example of biology-inspired design in building. Professor Wanda Lewis of the University of Warwick’s School of Engineering spent many years studying the forms and shapes in nature and how they could easily withstand forces such as wind. By studying natural objects, Professor Lewis came up with a new way to build a bridge. She created a structural design that would be able to withstand stress of severe weather and traffic the same way a leaf can deal with being whipped around by the forces of nature. Called form-finding, a rigid structure is designed to follow a natural form, relying on compression for its strength. The design would give the bridge the ability to take on the repeated or severe loading forces that damage or destroy more conventional designs. The unique shading techniques of the durian fruit inspired...
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...foods, including leafy greens, egg yolks, and milk had growth promoting properties (Prengaman, 2013). He was able to extract a fat-soluble compound from milk and show that it was his theorized growth-promoting nutrient (Prengaman, 2013). This nutrient became known as vitamin A (Prengaman, 2013). The discovery of this compound changed and greatly improved the world’s understanding of nutrition, and also bolstered America’s dairy industry (Prengaman, 2013). Three years later and about two thousand miles away, in Berkeley, California, the world of chemistry was changing (ChemTeacher, 2010). In 1916, chemist Gilbert Lewis discovered covalent bonding, a common type of bonding that occurs in many different molecules, the most well known being water (ChemTeacher, 2010). Lewis described a key way that atoms interact, and also developed what became known as Lewis dot structures to introduce his findings (ChemTeacher, 2010). His discovery and his method of illustrating it are now part of fundamental chemistry knowledge, taught in the most basic of high school classes (ChemTeacher, 2010). In the same year, on the opposite coast of the U.S., Jay McLean and William Henry Howell were developing a life-saving medication that would become a standard drug in hospitals (Mandal, 2014). The Baltimore-based scientists first isolated a fat-soluble anticoagulant in canine liver tissue in 1916 (Mandal, 2014). The drug was named heparin, after the Greek word for liver, hepar (Mandal, 2014). The drug is...
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... LT HRS 3 LAB HRS SOE HRS ECH COURSE PCS # (Assigned by Administration) PREREQUISITES: None Catalog Description (40 Word Limit): Study of human interaction focusing on social influences shaping personality, structure and dynamics of human society. Topics include: sociological perspective, culture, society, social interaction; social change in global perspective; socialization; families; social class; and social stratification; race and ethnicity; and deviance. | | |CONTENT LECTURE LAB OUTLINE | |HOURS HOURS | Study of Sociology (What is Sociology, Methods) 5 Individual and Society (Culture, Socialization, Social Interaction, Groups, Networks, Organization, Conformity and Deviance) 10 Stratification (Class, Global, Gender, Racial and Ethnic, Aging) 15 Social Institutions (Government, Work, Economy, Families, Education, Religion) 10 Social Change (Health, Sexuality, Population, Urbanization, Environment, Globalization) 5 EVALUATION: Quizzes X Exams X Oral Pres. x Papers X Lab Work Projects...
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... |3 |0 |0 |1.0 | | Sessional / Laboratory subjects | |MUP1102 |Planning Studio / Workshop I (With Field study) |0 |0 |12 |1.5 | |MUP 1104 |Urban Design |0 |0 |4 |0.5 | |Non-Credit Laboratory subject | |TRS1018 |GIS Lab |0 |0 |4 |0.5 | |...
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...Philosophy vs. Science by Joseph Rowlands The historical relationship between science and philosophy has not been a friendly one. Philosophers like to start with their conclusions, and work to prove them. When it came to trying to figure out what the world was like, philosophers tended to argue about what the world should be like. Science was born as a rejection of this method. Its goal was to figure out what the world was really all about, and its primary tool was actual experimentation. We've all seen philosophy at its worst. Philosophers are often completely disconnected from reality and, more recently, don't care. Rationalism, the view that only deductive knowledge is really reliable, is commonplace. Philosophers often expound their ideas from armchairs and ivory towers, where the facts of reality don't concern them. It's not surprising science would want to distance itself from philosophy. It becomes even more personal for the scientist when he's told that he must conform to preconceived views of the world. It started with Galileo having to renounce his scientific views on astronomy, but continued through the ages. Countless other scientists have had to hide their views on topics like evolution, the age of the earth and the existence of glaciers, with a range of punishments from the inquisition and burning at the stake to losing their jobs or financing. Philosophy, often in the form of religion, does not seek the truth. It seeks believers, and the truth is an...
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...Communication Key Stakeholders Strategies for implementing change with in organization Strategies for monitoring project Risks or challenges that anticipate how to overcome risks Measures used to evaluate project success What does success look like? Methods used to conduct evaluation of project Timeline for evaluating project Ensure project’s continued success Part 1 Topic Research & Selection As researching to find new healthcare trends for the past few years have provided some interesting topics. After doing this research it was discovered that the area hospital in Kingman, Arizona had just implemented a new feature. That new feature is the Patient portal. This will help patients to schedule appointments, refill medication, view lab results and to communicate with their physicians. Part 2 Literature review One question is being asked is, “Are patient portals secure, are there security issues within these portals?” Another one is how the patient portals are changing healthcare, the list goes on and on. But they are full of information for...
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...Chapter Internal Factor Analysis Strengths and Weaknesses (SWOT) D.1 Under Armour Corporate Structure Analysis Internal Environment Under Armour Corporate Culture Analysis Below is some of the corporate culture that Under Armour Implemented to the company * Founder’s Beliefs Kevin Plank as a founder of the under armor, since the beginning of his leadership, has always emphasized to each of its employees to always believe that the UA will evolve into big company. * Leadership Culture UA as the one biggest Company in sportswear certainly has a view to the future. To reach its goal in the future, UA needs a good leader. To support this Culture, UA create a Training program. * Team Oriented Culture Under Armour accentuate teamwork and collaboration than individual effort to create new product, teamwork and collaboration also give many input to create a great poduct. This also minimize risk in develop new product. * Hard Work Kevin Plank as a founder of UA, has a good work to increase the UA performance since the beginning. This causes the hard work of the Kevin Plank to reach their goals to make UA become biggest company in the sportswear. This culture also transferred to the employees, each employees of UA must have a passion to work hard to reach the company goals. * Innovation Culture UA ralize that company will growth with an innovation to compete with another company such as adidas and nike. With an innovation as a core strategy throughout the...
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...[pic] Official TCC Course Syllabus |Discipline Prefix: CHM |Course Number: 111 |Course Title: College Chemistry I | | |Course Section: D04B | | |Credit Hours: 4 |Lecture Hours: 3 |Clinical Hours: |Lab Hours: 3 | |Contact Hours: 6 |Studio Hours: N/A |Semester: Fall | |Meeting Days/Time/Location: Fridays/1:30pm-4:20pm/Science Building | Instructor Information Name: Dr. Shahin Maaref Office Location: JD-30 Office Hours: TRF 9:00am-11:00am, TR 4:30pm-5:30pm & by appointment Contact Information: 822-7692 Blackboard site: http://learn.vccs.edu Instructor email address: smaaref@tcc.edu Course Information Course Description Explores the fundamental laws, theories, and mathematical concepts of chemistry. Designed primarily for science and engineering majors. Requires a strong background in mathematics. Part I of II. Prerequisites and/or Co-requisites Prequisites - None Corequisites – None It is recommended to have H.S. chemistry or CHM01 as prerequisites and MTH 03 or MTE 06 level or higher. ...
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...Support for high definition IP-Cameras To support Devry’s new high-definition IP-Cameras and to continue supporting Devry’s existing infrastructure I have put together a new network topology and design that should would sufficiently for our new system. Topology This topology quickly summarizes our new network structure. We are implementing a hierarchical design model with our network. Devices are shown for reference on the bottom row. The next row up is our Access layer, we can see that we are hoping to utilize eight switches for this network, all with at least one route that has logical bandwidth aggregation for backup and redundancy. In the second layer of switches we have our distribution layer, made up of 5 switches, also with physical and logical redundancies. In the very top layer we have our core layer, made up of three switches. (Network Topology of Visio Document Attached to lab also.) Network Segmentation Our network segmentation will be handled via VLAN (Virtual Local Area networks) that we will manage in future design requirements. This should handle our properly segmenting our cameras from our different departments/workgroups. (Printers, Servers, Users, etc.). Network Size and Scope Devry is looking to setup a network that can handle 150 cameras and provide connectivity for 120 existing users, printers, and servers, with 20% expansion. With that, we took into assumption that that would mean 150 cameras would be connected immediately...
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...psychiatrist named Dorothy Lewis got a call from her friend Betty, who works in New York City. Betty had just seen a Broadway play called "Frozen," written by the British playwright Bryony Lavery. "She said, 'Somehow it reminded me of you. You really ought to see it,'" Lewis recalled. Lewis asked Betty what the play was about, and Betty said that one of the characters was a psychiatrist who studied serial killers. "And I told her, 'I need to see that as much as I need to go to the moon.'" Lewis has studied serial killers for the past twenty-five years. With her collaborator, the neurologist Jonathan Pincus, she has published a great many research papers, showing that serial killers tend to suffer from predictable patterns of psychological, physical, and neurological dysfunction: that they were almost all the victims of harrowing physical and sexual abuse as children, and that almost all of them have suffered some kind of brain injury or mental illness. In 1998, she published a memoir of her life and work entitled "Guilty by Reason of Insanity." She was the last person to visit Ted Bundy before he went to the electric chair. Few people in the world have spent as much time thinking about serial killers as Dorothy Lewis, so when her friend Betty told her that she needed to see "Frozen" it struck her as a busman's holiday. But the calls kept coming. "Frozen" was winning raves on Broadway, and it had been nominated for a Tony. Whenever someone who knew Dorothy Lewis saw it, they would tell...
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...CURRICULUM OF GEOGRAPHY For 4 years BS & 2 years MS (Revised 2009) | | HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION ISLAMABAD CURRICULUM DIVISION, HEC Dr. Syed Sohail H. Naqvi Executive Director Prof. Dr. Altaf Ali G. Shahikh Member (Acad) Miss Ghayyur Fatima Director (Curri) Mr. M. Tahir Ali Shah Deputy Director (Curri) Mr. Shafiullah Deputy Director Composed by Mr. Zulfiqar Ali, HEC Islamabad CONTENTS 1. Introduction………………………………… 6 2. Aims and Objectives……………………… 10 3. Standardized Format for 4-years BS degree programme ………………………. 12 4. Scheme of Studies for BS …………………. 14 5. Details of Courses for BS …………………. 16 6. Elective Group Papers ……………………. 45 7. Scheme of Studies for MS Programme …. 48 8. Details of Courses for MS …………………. 50 9. Optional Courses Model……………………. 56 10. Recommendations …………………………. 61 11. Annexures A,B,C,D & E …………………… 63 PREFACE Curriculum of a subject is said to be the throbbing pulse of a nation. By looking at the curriculum one can judge the state of intellectual development and the state of progress of the nation. The world has turned into a global village; new ideas and information are pouring in like a stream. It is, therefore, imperative to update our curricula regularly by introducing the recent developments in the relevant fields of knowledge. In exercise...
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...POINT LISAS CAMPUS Esperanza Road, Brechin Castle, Couva www.utt.edu.tt LAB 1 Decomposition reaction Aim: Determination of the number of moles of water molecules of crystallization present in hydrated Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4.xH2O) Apparatus: Mass balance, test tube, test tube holder, heat-proof mat and bunsen burner. Reagents: Hydrated sodium carbonate. Theory: Chemical decomposition, analysis or breakdown is the separation of a chemical compound into elements or simple compounds. A more specific type of decomposition is thermal decomposition or thermolysis, which is caused by heat. ABA+B, the reaction is endothermic, since heat is required to break the chemical bonds. Most decomposition reaction require energy either in the form of heat, light or electricity. Absorption of energy causes the breaking of the bonds present in the reacting substance which decomposes to give the product. When a hydrated salt is heated it decomposes into a pure form of the salt and water. MgSO4.xH2O MgSO4 + H2O Procedure: Refer to Handout Results: A. Mass of test tube/g = 21.77 B. Mass of the tube and salt/g = 24.0 A table showing the mass of the test tube and salt after 3 consecutive heating: Heating | Mass of the test tube and salt/g | 1st | 23.96 | 2nd | 23.81 | 3rd | 23.81 | Calculations: G. Mass of anhydrous magnesium sulphate/g = F - A = 23.81 – 21.77= 2.04 H. Mass of water of crystallization evaporated/g...
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