...JOBBERSWORLD SURVEY Lubricant Quality JobbersWorld is a Petroleum Trends International, Inc. publication. JobbersWorld conducted a survey last month examining the perceptions of its readers with regards to the quality of lubricants in the US market. The survey comprised seven closed‐ and open‐ended questions. Although we received well over 500 responses to the survey, this report presents data on the 373 complete responses to the survey. Below are the results and observations of the survey. Demographics It’s important to recognize that JobbersWorld is a publication that specifically targets lubricant distributors. As such, the demographic reflect this bias with 54% of the responses coming from lubricant distributors. Independent lubricant manufacturers (ILM) account for 23% of the responses, as shown in Figure 1. What best describes your company's business activity: Figure 1 Distribution of Respondents 13% 23% 6% 2% 1% 54% Note: Does not add to 100% due to rounding. . COPYRIGHT © 2009 PETROLEUM TRENDS INTERNATIONAL, INC. Page 1 Quality Do you feel there is an issue with low quality and/or off‐spec lubricants in the market? Eighty five percent (85%) of the total say “yes” there is an issue with low quality and/or off‐spec lubricant in the market. Only 15% say there is not, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 Do you feel there is an issue with low quality and/or off spec lubricants in the market? No: 15% Yes: 85% Source: Petroleum Trends International...
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...aspects of lubricants and cooling liquids used in manufacturing processes. | | | | | Contents 1. Introduction..................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Background theory....................................................................................................................3 1.2 History.......................................................................................................................................5 2. Lubricants in manufacturing processes.............................................................5 2.1 Mineral oils...............................................................................................................................5 2.2 Synthetic lubricants..................................................................................................................6 2.3 Boundary lubricants – natural oils and fats........................................................................6 3. Health issues...................................................................................................7 4. Old methods of Lubricant removal and waste treatment.................................7 5. Modern methods of Lubricant removal and waste treatment. ........................7 6. Comparison of old and new.............................................................................8 7. Environmental impact of lubricants. ............
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...DEMAND AND SUPPLY ANALYSIS OF LUBRICANT OIL | August 7 2012 | NEHA RAGHUVANSHINISHANT JOSEPHPANKAJ KUMAR BOTHRAPRIYOJEET KUMARPRIYANKA SHARMA | Submitted to: | KIRLOSKAR INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED MANAGEMENT STUDIES OVERVIEW OF CASTROL: Castrol India Limited (CIL) started its business operations in India way back in 1919 and established itself as a dominant brand in the premium automotive lubricants segment over a period of time. Prior to liberalization of the Indian economy in 1991, CIL, like other private sector players in the Indian lubricants industry, was focused on its survival as there was a complete dominance of public sector oil companies cornering 90 per cent of the market share. After liberalization in 1991, CIL found itself in a growth phase — its business environment was driven by great growth prospects, private players were allowed to import base oil, administered pricing system was discontinued, and the economy started growing at a higher rate. CIL increased its market share from 6 per cent to 20 per cent and its focus shifted towards ‘creating more capacity, modernizing infrastructure, and improving quality Castrol India Limited, a 71% subsidiary of BP, is a leading lubricants player in India, with ~20% market share of the domestic automotive lubricants industry. It manufactures and markets a range of automotive and industrial lubricants. It markets its automotive lubricants under two brands - Castrol and BP. The...
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...Questionnaire:- Service station name: Address: Respondent name: 1. Since how many years you are running this business? 2. Which lubricant brand do you sell in your service station? 3. Why do you prefer that brand? 4. Since how many years you are selling that brand? 5. What do you look in the lubricants? a. Quality b. Logistics c. Brand popularity d. Market demand e. Price f. Availability in different quantities g. Profit margin h. Promotion i. Packaging 6. On what basis do you buy the lubricants? a. Based on company preference. b. Customer preference. c. Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) recommendation. d. Popularity in your area. 7. Do you use lubricant from your service station or customer brings or both? 8. Does the company of lubricant you use provide any gifts/ incentives/ promotional offers to you? 9. Do you provide any gifts or incentives to your customers? 10. Do you get lubricants on credit from the company/ distributor/ big retailer shop? 11. Are you aware of the schemes related to MAK? 12. Why do users opt less for premium products as compare to other product under same category a) Doesn’t know the benefits on premium products b) Price c) They feel them as same d) Doesn’t want a change e) Any other 13. Which particular brand vehicle normally visits...
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...Aviation Lubricants in Russia Today and Future 2nd International Conference Lubricants Russia - 2006 Moscow 22 November 2006 P. A. Mikheichev, O. A. Lebedev, FSUE GosNII GA, Moscow Lubricants used in Russian Civil Aviation Mineral-based oils MS-8P aviation oil MS-20 aviation oil SM-4.5 oil mix TC-hyp transmission oil ОСТ 38.01163 ГОСТ 21743 ОСТ 54-3-175-72 ТУ 38.1011332 Synthetic oils VNII NP 50-1-4f oil VNII NP 50-1-4u oil ГОСТ 13076 ТУ 38.401-58-12 Polyalphaolefin oils IPM-10 VO-12 ТУ 38.1011299 ТУ 38.401-58-359 Aircraft and engine types and oil grades applied Aircraft type Tupelev-134 Tupelev-154 Tupelev-204 Tupelev-214 Ilyushin-76 Ilyushin-86 Ilyushin-96-300 Ilyushin-114 Yak-42 Antonov-24, Antonov-26 Antonov-124 Mi-8 (various modifications Мi-26 Engine type Domestic D-30 D-30 KU PS-90А PS-90А D-30 KP NK-86 PS-90А TV 7-117S D-36 Ai-24 D-18T TV3-113 D-136 MS-8P MS-8P IPM-10 IPM-10 MS-8P MS-8P IPM-10 B-3V IPM-10 VNII NP 50-1-4F(U) SM-4.5 oil mix IPM-10 B-3V IPM-10 Oil applied Foreign Turbonycoil 321 Turbonycoil 321 Mobil 319А-2 Turbonycoil 210А Mobil 319А-2 Turbonycoil 210А Turbonycoil 321 Turbonycoil 321 Mobil 319А-2 Turbonycoil 210А Turbonycoil 98 Shell Oil 390 Turbonycoil 306 Mobil 319А-2 Turbonycoil 98 Turbonycoil 210А Reasons for the fall in production of aviation lubricants in Russia lack of quality oil base stocks for oil production; restricted assortment and production volumes of antioxidant, anticorrosive, anti-wear and anti-scuff additives; decommissioning...
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...APPLICATION OF CHEMICAL SENSORS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING A chemical sensor is a device that transforms chemical information, ranging from the concentration of a specific sample component to total composition analysis, into an analytically useful signal. The chemical information, mentioned above, may originate from a chemical reaction of the analyte or from a physical property of the system investigated. Chemical sensors its application in various fields of engineering like civil, environment, medical, biotechnology and mechanical engineering. Mechanical engineering is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of physics and materials science for analysis, design,manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It implements core principles along with tools like computer-aided engineering and product lifecycle management to design and analyze manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, heating and cooling systems, transportsystems, aircraft, watercraft, robotics, medical devices and more. There are a lot of potential areas where chemical sensors play a key role in innumerable processes concerning to functioning and safety in manufacturing plants , transport, aerospace, automobiles , combustion engines which are a few applications of mechanical engineering concepts. The monitoring and control of combustion-related emissions is a top priority in many Industries. The real challenge is not only to develop highly sensitive and selective sensors, but...
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...1) Sulphur in the fuel produces sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide which can form sulphuric acid with water produced in the combustion process. Apart from causing corrosion and reducing the alkalinity of the oil, it is bad for the environment. Whilst reducing corrosion and sulphur compound emissions the lower anti-wear characteristics of the fuel could result in increased wear of injectors and pumps. It will therefore be necessary to use anti-wear additives. 2) In system design cognizance must be taken of operating conditions and the degree of contamination in establishing the reservoir capacity requirements. The capacities of the reservoirs are based on the actual system requirements multiplied by a factor related to the degree of contamination plus 10%. 3) Properties of importance in metal cutting fluid * The type of material being machined determines the selection of tool, cutting and rubbing speeds and the cutting fluid * The cutting fluid aids to ensure that friction generated in the cutting process is at a minimum and therefore that the temperature of both the cutting tool and work piece are such that either will not be seriously affected * By reducing friction between the tool and the work piece prevents seizures and welding and generated heat 4) Manufacture of soap type greases * Saponification (preparing the soap) * Dehydration (removal of excess moisture) * Addition of lubricating oil inhibitors and additives * Mixing-homogenising ...
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...With Effective from: 03/03/2015 LUKOIL PRICE LIST A. Automotive Lubricants: Motor and Transmission Oils | Sl. No. | Name of the Products | GradeSAE/API/ISO | Pack SizeCtn/Pail/Drm | Quantity/Pack in Ltr. | Unit Price/Ltr. Tk. | Price/ PackTk. | Semi-Synthetic Engine Oils:New Formula, Advance Protection, Longest Life for Passenger and Commercial Vehicles | 1 | LUKOIL LUXE (Semi-Synthetic) | 5W-40, SL/CF | C4 X 4 L | 4 | 575 | 2,300 | Diesel/Petrol Oils: Commercial Mixed Fleet Application. Heavy Duty Turbocharged Petrol and Diesel Engines meetsEURO-3, EURO-4 requirements with extended oil drain interval. Proven performance in all Diesel Generators. | 2 | LUKOIL AVANTGARDE ULTRA | 15W-40, CI-4/SL | C3 X 5 L | 5 | 328 | 1,640 | 3 | | | Pail 18L | 18 | 316.67 | 5,700 | 4 | | | D216.5L | 216.5 | 310 | 67,115 | Diesel Engine Oil: All types of HD Commercial Vehicles,Construction Machineries, Lorry/Cement Tankers etc. | 5 | LUKOIL AVANTGARDE EXTRA | 20W-50, CH-4/SJ | C12 X 1L | 1 | 360 | 360 | 6 | | | C4 X 4 L | 4 | 355 | 1,420 | 7 | | | C4 X 5L | 5 | 355 | 1,775 | 8 | | | Pail 20L | 20 | 340 | 6,800 | 9 | | | D200L | 200 | 325 | 65,000 | 10 | LUKOIL SUPER DIESEL | SAE 50, CF/SF | Pail 20L | 20 | 270 | 5,400 | 11 | | | D200L | 200 | 250 | 50,000 | B. Industrial Lubricants. | Sl. No. | Name of the products | GradeSAE/API/ISO | Pack SizeCtn/Pail/Drm | Quantity/ Pack in Ltr. | Unit Price/ Ltr. Tk. | Price/ PackTk...
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...Test Document Biodegradable Lubricants In the past two decades, many companies developed biodegradable lubricants. A prime example is Exxon Mobil, with its Environmental Awareness Lubricants (EAL) line of hydraulic fluids. In the next decade, we will see many more advances in biodegradable lubes and greases. Three factors support this prediction: 1. U.S. growers’ associations have made considerable investments on lubricants research to reduce crop surpluses. 2. The federal government is actively promoting "eco-friendly" products. 3. There have been advancements in biodegradable lubricants technology and genetic enhancement to seed oils. Vegetable oils can be used as lubricants in their natural state. They can have excellent lubricity -far superior to mineral oil. Lubricity is so significant that in some applications, such as tractor transmissions, friction materials must be added in order to reduce clutch slippage. Some vegetable oils have passed hydraulic pump/ wear tests, such as ASTM D2882 and ASTM D2271, in their natural form. Vegetable oils also have a high Viscosity Index (VI); for example, 223 for soybean oil vs. 90 to 100 for most petroleum oils. Restated, the viscosity of a high VI oil changes less than that of a low VI oil for a given temperature change. An oil’s viscosity does not reduce as much when exposed to high temperatures, and does not increase as much as petroleum oils when exposed to cold temperatures. Another...
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...has been dated to be used as early as 1400 B.C, when chariot wheels were lubricated with beef tallow for an improved rotary movement. Engines, transmissions, axles, hydraulic systems, gear assemblies and metal working operations need specially formulated lubricants to - protect critical components; provide reliable operation; lower maintenance costs; decrease downtime and increase equipment life. Nowadays, in manufacturing processes, the surfaces of tools and workpieces are subjected to: a) Forces and contact forces – which range from very low values to multiples of the yield stress of the workpiece material; b) Relative speeds – from very low to very high; c) Temperatures – which range from ambient to melting. In order to accommodate and overcome external forces applied, friction & wearing and abnormal environmental circumstances – lubrication has provided manufacturers and consumers with a better-end product, that can withstand, to a certain degree, all of the above mentioned. There are 4 regimes of lubrication: i) Hydrodynamic or Thick-Film Lubrication; ii) Hydrostatic or Thin-Film Lubrication; iii) Mixed Lubrication; and finally iv) Boundary Lubrication * Hydrodynamic Lubrication – the lubricant film is sufficiently thick to separate the moving surfaces completely, minimizing friction. This type...
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...AZOLLA ZS Lubrication Very high performance anti-wear hydraulic oils. APPLICATIONS Hydraulic circuits l Designed for use in all kind of hydraulic sytems running under the most difficult conditions, such as in machine tools, mould injection machines, presses and other industrial or mobile equipment. l Also used in many other applications, where an universal high performance antiwear lubricant is the first choice : low charged gears, sliding and roller bearings, air compressors, servo-motors and control systems equipped with fine filtration systems. SPECIFICATIONS International specifications l l l l l l AFNOR NF E 48-603 HM ISO 6743/4 HM DIN 51524 P2 HLP CINCINNATI MILACRON P68, P69, P70 VICKERS M-2950S, -I-286 DENISON HF0, HF1, HF2 (T6H20C) OEM ADVANTAGES Long equipment life time l l l l l l l l l High protection against wear insuring maximum equipment life. Superior thermal stability avoiding formation of sludge even at high temperature. Very good oxidation stability ensuring a long service life of the fluid. Remarkable filterability even in the presence of water. Excellent hydrolytic stability avoiding filter blocking. Excellent protection against rust and corrosion. Good anti-foam and air release properties by using silicon free components. Good demulsibility ensuring rapid water separation Reduced maintenance and operating costs. METHODS Internal ISO 3675 ISO 3104 ISO 3104 ISO 2909 ISO 2592 ISO 3016 NF E 48-690 NF E 48-691 High operating reliability ...
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...The company was founded by Henry Timken in St. Louis, Missouri in 1899 and incorporated as The Timken Roller Bearing Axle Company. A year earlier, in 1898, Timken got a patent for the tapered roller bearing for which the company would become known. At the time, Timken was a carriage-maker in St. Louis and held three patents for carriage springs. However, it was his patent for tapered roller bearings that allowed his company to become successful. Tapered roller bearings were a breakthrough at the end of the 19th century because bearings used in wheel axles had not changed much since ancient times. They relied on bearings enclosed in a case that held lubricants. These were called "friction bearings" and depended on lubricants to function. Without proper lubrication, these bearings would fail due to excessive heat caused by friction. Timken was able to significantly reduce the friction on his bearings by using a "cup" and "cone" design incorporating tapered bearings which actually rolled, which reduced the load placed on the bearings by distributing the weight and load evenly across the cups, cones, and bearings. The company moved to Canton, Ohio in 1901 as the automobile industry began to overtake the carriage industry. Timken chose this location because of its proximity to the American car manufacturing centers of Detroit, Michigan and Cleveland, Ohio, and because it was close to the American steel-making centers of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Cleveland. Ray Harroun,...
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...In addition to, I admit that conventional motor oil should be used for the first 5000 miles (also known as the break-in period) of the engine’s life to aid in proper gasket and seal conditioning. But, cheapest isn’t necessarily the best way to go about it. Conventional motor oil is found to break down much quicker under the same driving conditions as opposed to synthetic motor oil. Archer Automotive claims that: “Reduced lubrication at extremely cold temperatures and increased breakdown in extreme heat”. From an economical standpoint this finding is a big deal. If you are using an inferior lubricant, such as the traditional motor oil that’s been used for decades, how can you rely on the notion that it might protect the moving parts of your vehicle’s engine from premature wear, causing damage to those vital and expensive parts of the engine. Where is the savings in...
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...Justin De Asis Prof. Compagnucci ENG 101-109 09/11/2014 Maintaining A Vehicle The process of maintaining an automotive vehicle is a laborious operation. Nonetheless, the effort and time you put into the vehicle will be gratifying in the end. There is nothing more rewarding than having a vehicle that is well preserved. My car isn’t the most prestigious car out there but it is doing better than most cars the same age. The aroma of engine oil and grease on your hands is just a little taste of the challenges you will encounter. The way I preserve my car and the time I put into it is a great feeling of accomplishment. You too can share this feeling of triumph by following these simple steps. I will explain how to tidy your interior, check your oil, and keep your fluids and brakes from depleting. First, you want to start by cleaning the interior and lining of your car. To do this you must use a vacuum, preferably a two horsepower shopvac. This will keep the carpet clean and free of any dirt and other unpleasant things you find at the bottom of your shoe. After you’re done vacuuming, you want to spritz your car with your favorite scent. There is nothing better than walking into your car and getting smacked in the face by an angelic scent. Keep in mind that failure to follow this will result in undesirable odors and possibly attract unwanted pests. Next, you want to start your oil check. The oil cap is located in the hood of the car. To access this you must pull the lever to...
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...How To Change Your 2005 Honda Pilot Oil WRTG 393 Christopher Bloss June 10th, 2015 INTRODUCTION Changing your oil is just like changing the cat litter box – dump out the old crap, inspect for any issues, and fill up with new, fresh goods. The only difference is – if you make a mistake during the change process, you can cause permanent damage to your motor. This manual details the process of changing the oil in a 2005 Honda Pilot. This manual was written for the average DIY-er who has a basic understanding of engine maintenance. This manual is broken down into several thorough steps to help explain the process from understanding the purpose of an oil change, the need for changing the oil, and steps for at home oil changes. Motor Oil Purpose: There are 5 main purposes of motor oil: protection, lubrication, cooling, cleaning, and restoration of performance (Arnold, n.d., para 1). According to Arnold (n.d.), “Motor oil creates a slippery coating of lubrication so that the moving parts can move more fluidly. Without the oil's lubrication, the friction in the moving parts of the motor is greatly compromised and the compression is decreased, resulting in the inability to reach optimal levels of speed and performance.” Oil lubrication creates protection for the moving engine parts without this lubrication; the metal engine parts begin to degrade. As oil travels through the engine, the debris is collected and cleans the metal parts within the motor (Arnold, n.d., para...
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