...Historia del cine Orígenes El cine se desarrolló desde el punto de vista científico antes de que sus posibilidades artísticas o comerciales fueran conocidas y exploradas. Uno de los primeros avances científicos que llevó directamente al desarrollo del cine fueron las observaciones de Peter Mark Roget, secretario de la Real Sociedad de Londres, que en 1824 publicó un importante trabajo científico con el título de Persistencia de la visión en lo que afecta a los objetos en movimiento, en el que establecía que el ojo humano retiene las imágenes durante una fracción de segundo después de que el sujeto deja de tenerlas delante. Este descubrimiento estimuló a varios científicos a investigar para demostrar el principio. Los primeros experimentos Tanto en Estados Unidos como en Europa, se animaban imágenes dibujadas a mano como forma de diversión, empleando dispositivos que se hicieron populares en los salones de la clase media. Concretamente, se descubrió que si 16 imágenes de un movimiento que transcurre en un segundo se hacen pasar sucesivamente también en un segundo, la persistencia de la visión las une y hace que se vean como una sola imagen en movimiento. El zoótropo que ha llegado hasta nuestros días consta de una serie de dibujos impresos en sentido horizontal en bandas de papel colocadas en el interior de un tambor giratorio montado sobre un eje; en la mitad del cilindro, una serie de ranuras verticales, por las cuales se mira, permiten que, al girar el aparato...
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...An Analysis of Early Cinema Movies play a very important role in our daily life. From the invention of first motion-picture camera in 1891 to the development of the concept of continuity editing, there were many films made. I have watched 15 of these early films and got to know some filmmakers at that time, found out their distributions and photography techniques. These films can be divided chronologically, the earliest films in the period from 1891 to 1895, like Edison Kinetoscope Record of a Sneeze; films in the late 1900s, such as Wash Day in Mexico, and developed films at the beginning of 20th century, like Life Rescue at Long Branch. This study will focus on the characteristics of patterns, contrast of different films and the evolution of early cinema. It can be said that Thomas Alva Edison invented the kinetoscope involuntarily. He meant to provide a visual accompaniment for his phonograph, however, with the improvement done by Dickson, the viewing machine, or kinetoscope, emerged. Edison attempted to design a machine that can make images and sounds synchronized and recorded simultaneously. But, synchronization proved impossible and kinetoscope films seldom have sound. As the first motion-picture camera, the kinetoscope represents the big progress in the field of cinema, and it obviously has many advances. First, it used perforated film to accomplish the synchronization of camera and projector. Second, the frames were held intermittently. Because...
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...The 18th century has marked the commencement of the innovation of cinematography. The invention of cinema owes its existence to a few investors and scientists who are broadly known for laying down its foundation. Among those pioneers are the Lumiere brothers who were some of the earliest contributors to cinema, Thomas Edison and George Melies. Melies was a part of inventing filmmaking but did not invent it on his own. George Melies, he was a pioneer from the earliest days of cinema. In fact, he is considered the father of film special effects, having invented many of the tricks that are still used today, and was the first filmmaker to send men into outer space. This sometimes forgotten cinéaste was a true giant in the earliest days of the medium. He was amazing in recognizing the possibilities of the medium for narrative and spectacle. He created the basic vocabulary of special effects, and a few years after Thomas Edison had built the Black Maria film studio, Melies built a glass-house studio, which proved to be the prototype of European studios of the silent era. The success of his films contributed to the development of an international market in films and did much to secure the ascendancy of French cinema in the pre-1914 years. Besides this historical contribution, Melies' films are the earliest to survive as a total, coherent artistic creation with their own validity and personality. His films had a visual style as distinctive as any French painter, and they retain...
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...developed by a well known inventor Thomas Alva Edison and one of his employees William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, who was an electrical engineer and photographer. After a series of experiments on the mechanics and the film medium itself, Edison’s company, not only invented the devices that fundamentally change the world like telephone and electric and etc., but also introduced the first ever motion picture apparatus, Kinetograph, therefore “movies in America were born.” (Jon Lewis, American Film 10) The year was 1891, only 16 years apart from Eadweard Muybridge’s unintended discovery. Since then, the wind of motion pictures had been blew to European countries like Great Britain and France. 1895, two French people, Auguste and Louis Lumiere, as known as the Lumiere brothers first showcased the motion pictures using Cinematographe to general public thus declared the era of silent movies. Soon a year later, in 1896, Thomas Edison also showcased the motion pictures to the general public with Vitascope, the first time in America cinema history. After the success of nickelodeon parlors and other film houses, the early movies play a significant role of “emerging consumer culture, in which one paid one’s money and got in return some sort of amusement, some sort of escape from the daily grind.” (Jon Lweis, American Film 16) When one discusses the so called break through of censorship film like Public Enemy in 1931, one ought to look at the root of the censorship all the way back to where it had...
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...Movies :entertaining people for the last few decades are more than moving pictures ,some movies depict history ,some tells us contemporary stories ,some show us the world around us, some shows us I them. People are emotionally attached to movies ,they make us laugh and cry at times. These sometimes affect us so deeply we start following the characters ,idolize them , we even find our stories in them. But I am quite sure very few people are aware of history of movies, they might even not be bothered .I was not bothered. But a movie intrigued me to want know about movies .It’s a movie about movies , movie about time . Hugo- is the movie my review is going to be about. It’s a movie about movies. The movie starts in a simple but surges through an extraordinary way. It starts with the tragic life of Hugo Cabret -who secretly lives in the eaves of Paris station winding the clocks. He’s trying to fix an automaton that his watchmaker father worked on before his death – a little mechanical man holding a fountain pen. Hugo believes the automaton will summon up a message from beyond the grave. Relying on his father's notebook for insight, he steals the required parts wherever he can, including from the shop of a toymaker who makes and sells mechanical toys. One day, he is finally caught by the bitter toymaker, Papa Georges , who has long known that Hugo robs him. Georges looks through Hugo's father's notebook, is evidently strongly affected by it, and keeps it despite Hugo's protests...
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...projection systems? The Kinetoscope was designed to show moving photographs by Edison and his assistant Dickson, who did much of the work. Dickson used Eastman film that he sliced 1 inch wide. He spliced them from end to end, with four holes on either side of the frames in order for toothed gears to pull the film through. The Kinetoscope was activated by viewers putting a coin in the slot. The viewers viewed the short film through a peep hole. 2. What steps did France's Lumière brothers take to make cinema a commercially viable enterprise? What kinds of Lumière movies were the most popular? How did the Lumières' activities influence the development of world cinema? The Lumiere brothers invented a projection system which helped make cinema a commercially viable enterprise. The most popular Lumiere films were those 25 minute films they put together of about 10 films showing everyday people including themselves doing simple things such as feeding a baby. The Lumiere activities influenced the development of world cinema because they came up with the idea to charge people for the cinema experienced. The brothers took Edison idea and...
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...The Lumiere Brothers and Melies created films that are significant to film history. The three lead the way for many technical and narrative developments that progressed the motion picture industry. Melies, for example, showed what was possible in the realm of film by using special effects such as using multiple exposures, time-lapse, dissolves, and added colour to his films by hand-painting them. He was constantly pushing the limits of filmmaking and what is capable of doing in camera. This was shown in his work from ‘The one-man band’, ‘A trip to the moon’, and others. The lumiere brothers were often credited as the first inventors of cinema by mass medium. They patented an improved cinematograph which was a three in one camera that was capable...
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