...Republic of the Congo, Patrice Lumumba was a prominent figure in Congolese politics. Lumumba worked as a postal service clerk as well as an accountant in many different places within the Congo and as a result became versed in many different indigenous languages of the Congo. It is widely known that knowing the different languages of future constituents is a major asset in political success, and therefore it is no surprise that this helped Lumumba in his ascension to power. After gaining some acclaim as an author of essays and poems, Lumumba started to get involved in political movements and established himself as a union leader. In 1958, he also co-founded the Congolese National Movement (MNC), a...
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...U.S. v. Lumumba, 741 F.2d 12 (2d Cir. 1984) Facts: Chokwe Lumumba (“Lumumba”) represented Bilal Sunni-Ali in a trial before Judge Duffy. On April 13, 1983 and June 8, 1983 Lumumba repeatedly interrupted and showed disrespect in other ways to Duffy, J. during the trials, following which Duffy, J. convicted Lumumba in criminal contempt. Duffy, J. prepared a memorandum setting forth the circumstances of criminal contempt, but the sentencing came to Judge Sweet. Lumumba’s attorneys motioned before Sweet, J. to dismiss the contempt citation or at least to have a hearing. Sweet, J. denied the motions stating that he lacked the authority to retry the merits of the conviction or to review Duffy’s J. choice of the summary procedure. Sweet, J. sentenced Lumumba to three years...
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...During this reading I focused more on the Congo-Zaire portion mainly because that is what we are focusing on in class at this moment. It was interesting learning about the change in power. Patrice Lumumba at least tried to offer a national vision and critique of Belgian colonialism. Lumumba was elected as the first prime minister, and Joseph Kasavubu was elected as the President. They were both kind of lunged into leadership without any previous experience. Lumumba didn’t appreciate the restrictions that he felt were placed on him by the continued presence of the Belgian officials. The fact that Lumumba and Kasavubu represented two different Congo groups didn’t help the Prime Minister out because he would eventually be fired. The major western powers supported the President and not the Prime Minster. Joseph Mobutu was slowly becoming a major force in the Congo as he helped with the capturing and the arresting. Belgian, American, French, and UN military helped out the large area of the Congo from the likes of Egypt, Algeria, and Cuba because they were helping Lumumbist rebels. Mobutu rose to prominence and became the Dictator for the next 32 years. He eventually changed the name from Congo to Zaire. Over time this state became less of a state and more of a mafia. Times began getting in rough in the 1990’s and Mobutu could no longer pay his army. They just used their “state” authority to get whatever they wanted. Mobutu’s downfall may not have happened if Mobutu...
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...“ And, after all, our surroundings influence our lives and characters as much as fate, destiny, or any supernatural agency,” Pauline Hopkins, Contending Forces. Starting off in the non realistic novel, a family, the Price’s, move to the Belgian Congo from Bethlehem, Georgia, in 1959 due to missionary. The Poisonwood Bible is based off of being told from different perspectives of how the life is living in the Congo. Mainly from the mother and her four children point of view. A character within the novel has been shaped by cultural, physical, or geographical surroundings. Development for someone can occur in different ways. It is possible that your surroundings can make who you truly are. Through trials and tribulations for this specific character, she still manages to remain strong for her and her family when she was younger and also being matured. By analyzing the text within the novel, the character that’s mainly been developed by their physical surroundings is one of the twin daughter, Leah Price. The physical surroundings within the Congo is most mud-colored things. The things don't look as nice as it would be within Georgia. While arriving in the Congo Leah, “ got the most spectacular chills, just from trying to imagine.” Leah tends to adapt to the Congolese life and actually begins to relate to the Congolese people. Leah was the daughter that adored her father. Almost everything he accomplished,she wanted to do the same. During the time the Price family Gulley 2 relocated...
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...Tim Xie Mrs. Jack Honors English 11 May 16, 2007 The Congo’s Collapse and The United States’ Involvement Throughout the late 1950s, the Congo was struggling to gain its independence from Belgium; however, when it finally achieved its independence in June of 1960, the country encountered more problems than it was ready to handle (“Congo”). The newly independent country was filled with turmoil from the very beginning. It was plagued with riots from the Congolese people and the Congo army terrorized villagers wherever they went. More than fifteen million people, who were divided into more than two hundred separate linguistic groups, were expected to follow one singular leader (“The United Nations”). As one can see, the task of uniting the very segregated country is seemingly impossible; on top of these obstacles, the country had to deal with western democracies interfering. Although it seemed like a good plan for the United States to get involved in the Congo, in retrospect, their actions caused insurmountable damage to the country that may never be restored. There were many political and financial motives for the interests of other countries in the rural country of the Congo. Even though it was not advanced technologically or industrially, the country had many valuable natural resources that foreign countries wanted to exploit. Notably, Great Britain, France, and the United States, all had fiscal interest in the Congo’s mine wealth, mostly in the provenance of...
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...second most industrialized country in Africa; it boasted a thriving mining sector and its agricultural sector was relatively productive. Attempting to remove foreign influence on his country, Patrice Lumumba led the Mouvement National Congolais party. Initially a government was established under the leadership of Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba and President Joseph Kasavubu .This government lasted for only two weeks .In early July the Army mutinied against the government and committed acts of violence against the remaining Belgium...
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...In Perugia, Italy a gruesome murder took place on November 1, 2007. The body of Meredith Kercher was found the morning of November 2, 2007, sexually assaulted, stabbed and strangled. Initially, the police arrested three perpetrators for this heinous crime, roommate of the victim, Amanda Knox, her Italian boyfriend, Raffaele Sollecito, and Patrick Lumumba, a local pub owner. The police placed them into solitary confinement and illegally interrogated the three suspects without a lawyer, where Knox then was pressured into implicating all of them to the murder. The police hastily announced the case closed before beginning processing the crime scene and evidence, claiming that it was an orgy gone horribly wrong. Once the authorities began processing...
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...1997, a rebel alliance supported by Rwanda, Uganda, and Angola seized Kinshasa, the capital city, barely a day after Mobutu fled. It quickly reinstated the country’s pre-1971 name, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and appointed a new government. Mobutu’s departure closed the chapter on Washington’s last remaining cold war client in Africa. (“Zaire/Democratic Republic of the Congo,” 2013). Mobutu was enlisted by the U.S government and the CIA in the late 1950s when Zaire was still a Belgian colony. Mobutu was recruited to overthrow then leader, Patrice Lumumba, the Congo’s first and only democratically elected prime minister. The United States was angry with Lumumba because he was friendly with Russia and had accepted aid from the Soviets. The U.S. and other Western powers encouraged Mobutu and others to arrange Lumumba’s death. Although the U.S. has denied that it played any role in Lumumba’s death, the death of Lumumba lead to a war that lasted five years and thousands of Congolese lost their lives. At the end of the war Mobutu gained power of the DRC (Democratic Republic of Congo). (“Zaire/Democratic Republic of the Congo,” 2013). After Mobutu came into power he was compensated by the United States and its allies for doing their bidding. Once in power Mobutu went about pillaging the countries many resources and half the country’s capital budget. The DRC was rich in diamonds and other valuable minerals of which Mobutu and his cronies helped themselves to....
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...market the end of leopold ruling and the power he had over the congo free state were relinquished to the new government of belgium. The colony in congo along with few others were annexed and named belgian congo. The movement was brought by pressures from humanitarians and other countries due to leopold's cruelty. This change of power significantly improved the treatment of congolese people while there was still some discrimination the exploitation of worker pretty much stopped. Problems in congo still apparent such as the people having no say in government which eventually led up to sovereignty for the congo. In 1960 the congolese began to rebel against the prime minister lumumba for the harm which he had done to the people in congo. The rebellion started from Thysville and quickly spread throughout congo. Lumumba was later brutally murdered for his actions which had led to bad ruling and granted sovereignty in congo. On june 30th 1960 Congolese gained independence from Belgium though the independence didn’t hold and only set them in a stage of deeper struggle to gain economic independence. The positive of Imperialism was education systems in congo became better but after they gained independence they were not left with proper educations for schools. Another bad thing was culture was being destroyed by the devastation and lack of personal rights. ...
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...On November 1, 2007 Meredith Kercher a British college student that was studying abroad Italy was murdered in the home she shared with American student Amanda Knox. On November 2, Knox found Kercher’s body; Kercher was partiality clothed and her throat had been slit. On November 5, a few days later Knox and her befriend Raffaele Sollecito were questioned regarding the murder. At this point the prosecution and police claim that Knox states that she’s at she was at home when Kercher was murdered and implicates the owner of the bar she works at; Patrick Lumumba. Lumumba was later released due to him having an alibi. Knox claims that she was forced to confess and was hit when she did not give police the answers they wanted. The police later arrested Rudy Guede who’s DNA was found in the DNA taken from Kercher....
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...Critical Argument Analysis Gabriel Martinez ENG/215 November 9, 2015 Professor Stephanie Critical Argument Analysis “There’s not a man that can’t be thrown, not a horse that can’t be rode, a bull that can’t be stopped, there’s not a disco that I Coke La Rock can’t rock”. (DJ Coke La Rock 1973) This line spoken by Coke La Rock was the birth of rap and hip-hop music. This one bar made Coke La Rock the very first rapper in Hip-Hop and birthed a new genre of music, we now know today as Rap music. John McWhorter, Opio Lumumba Sokoni, and Desi K. Robinson all have written about their different views and opinions on the good the bad and the ugly of rap music. They all offer different arguments on the effects of rap music. Rap music began as a way for black families to focus on bringing families together and uplifting each other’s spirits in times of heartache and pain. However, now since its humble beginnings so much has changed and developed but the spirit of its heart and soul stays the same. John McWhorter argues in his article, “Mean StreetsTheater,” (2003) on the negativity of rap music and the violence that it promotes. He argues that the violence of rap music is causing the rappers to be murdered. He goes on to say that not only are rappers being murdered but also they’re being murdered in front of their children, exposing their children to the violence. Today in our society many agree with his point of view and are causing...
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...1. INTRODUCTION The horrors of Somalia, Angola and the Congo (present day Democratic Republic of Congo) made the new challenges that the present day United Nations faces easier to confront, as they highlighted the glaring weaknesses that riddled the early days of peacekeeping. The UN was portrayed as a vulnerable institution without a spine which could not enact strong and effective policies to deal with interventions, and it was this view which led me to look at the three most decisive UN interventions conducted on the African continent since its inception. The interventions in Angola , Somalia and Congo , were all conducted at different stages of the UN’s reign , and as such they help paint a clearer image on how far the organisation has come from post-World War II , through the Cold War to the present day. A major tool of the UN in its unprecedented efforts has been its UN Charter , within which it manifests its principles and goals clearly and concisely, and it is through this framework that it has conducted itself in every UN peacekeeping mission. The Charter is the working document of the UN as it follows its guidelines in a diligent and stringent manner. However, this stance has led to it being exploited by more cunning leaders, or even finding itself in the complex situation of being tempted to disobey the Charter, due to its limiting and constraining nature. In this essay, I will focus primarily on a combination of all the approaches used in writing essays .As such...
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...childhood. She does not play games with the other children; she instead happily occupies herself with writing palindromes. She prefers solitude and peace, unlike Leah, who is much more extroverted. Adah frequently compares herself to Leah, causing her to feel inferior. Her mindset begins to change, however, when the family goes to Kilanga. When the Prices arrive in Kilanga, Adah realizes that many of the Congolese are disabled. She begins to feel like her own body is valuable despite its flaws. She sees that her body is a tool, as Orleanna tells Nathan concerning the Congolese. She begins to speak more frequently, and utters “The smiling bald man with the grandfather face [Eisenhower] has another face,” in reference to his plot to kill Lumumba. Not only does she think intelligently, but she begins to share these thoughts audibly, first to herself, then to others. Unfortunately, before Adah speaks more frequently and boldly to others, she must reconcile her beliefs toward injustice. This reconciliation occurs in an instant—the instant her mother chooses to save Ruth May instead of Adah. Adah realizes that she must live for herself because no one else will. Once she accepts her forced independence, she begins to blossom. Adah finally flowers after the women had left Kilanga and she had returned to America for education. Upon marching into the admissions office and saying rather bluntly that she needed to go to the medical school and university, Adah opened her petals. She no longer...
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...The Poisonwood Bible is not the type of book a teenager picks up willingly to read but was an intriguing book with influential characteristics nonetheless. Symbolism is something this book had in abundance that always makes a book more enjoyable in my opinion. Each time I read an indirect suggestion from the book my understanding of the passage changed and caused new perspectives to flourish which granted a more enjoyable reading time. I felt the characters were extremely well developed with vastly different but similar personalities that were in constant conflict with one another, giving a dramatic recount of life on account of the Congo. This quote from Barbara Kingsolver summarizes most of what I felt; “Though I’m finished with it, I’m...
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... Free Angela Angela Davis was a Civil Rights Activist that had a lot of impact in United States. She fought for the oppressed and the struggle for Black people. Angela was born on January 26, 19444 in Birmingham Alabama. She already had knowledge of racial discrimination due to growing up in her home town. She was friends with some of the girls who died in the Birmingham church bombing of 1963. She later moved to Massachusetts where she attended Brandeis University. There she studied philosophy and became a master scholar. As a graduate student she attended University of California. Soon after she became a part of several groups, Black Panthers being one but most of her time was devoted to an African American communist group Che-Lumumba Club. Davis got a job teaching at University of California. The administration found out about her relationship with communism. She was then fired, but she fought them in court and got her job back. Davis had become a strong supporter of the Soledad prisoners. Three inmates who were not related, there were John W. Cluchette, Fletta Drumgo and George Lester Jackson. They were accused of killing a prison guard. Many thought they were being accused because of their political beliefs and work. In August 1970 during Jacksons trial an escape attempt was made and several people in the court room were killed. Davis was being convicted of being apart of what happened since the guns were registered in her name. The government tried to publically indicted...
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