...microorganism, different drugs, and certain genes may increase the risk of developing an autoimmune disease (Dugdale, 2011). Having an autoimmune disease can be difficult for a person, especially in the early stages, because many do not know what to expect or have the basic knowledge on the disease. For many, these diseases can cause major complications and illnesses, especially when going untreated for long periods of time. Fortunately, with the advances in medicine and research, people, with autoimmune diseases, can live long, normal lives with proper support and treatment. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system characterized by the destructions of the myelin sheath surrounding neurons…” (Vaccine Safety, 2011). During a multiple sclerosis exacerbation, inflammation in the areas of white matter in the central nervous system occurs in irregular patches knows as plaques. Once this process occurs, the destruction of...
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...may have to walk with a cane or need a wheelchair. This disease affects the heart, affects breathing and coughing, and can also cause cognitive and behavioral deficits. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a genetic disorder that causes muscle degeneration and weakness. The symptoms can occur early as age 3. The symptoms affect the hips, pelvic area, thighs, shoulders, arms, legs and trunk. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is due to the lack of dystrophin protein in muscle cells that causes them to be fragile. Individuals can live up to 50 years old. Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that disables the brain and spinal cord. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis is numbness/weakness, loss of vision, tremor, slurred speech, fatigue, dizziness and problems with bowel and bladder functions. The cause of Multiple Sclerosis is unknown. There is no cure for Multiple...
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...INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis, also known as MS, is a disease of the central nervous system that occurs when the myelin surrounding the axon that is responsible for communication between the brain and the body. The disease is idiopathic, meaning there is not a known cause. There are variables that seem to suggest an increased likelihood of a person having MS. Also because of the idiopathic nature of MS, diagnosis and therefor treatment is also a challenge. There is a large push to fund research into the cause of MS so that there can be a better understanding for development of diagnosing and treatment methods. II. INTRODUCE SYSTEM AND DISEASE Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and degenerative disease. Chronic means that the symptoms last...
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...CECT IV: IV contrast in CT is used to for enhancing blood vessels and the tissue structure organs like the brain, kidneys and liver. Intravenous means that a small needle is used to inject contrast media. Pre-medications a. Prednisone – It is a corticosteroid. The body releases substances that cause inflammation and this medication prevents it. This medication also helps suppress the immune system. Functions: • It is used as an immunosuppressant medication or an anti-inflammatory. • Treats allergic reactions, skin problems, inflammation of the colon, lupus, psoriasis, or respiratory disorders. Protocol: 50mg Prednisone PO 13, 7 hours and 1 hour prior to IV injection b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) – It is an Antihistamine. The effect of natural chemical histamine in the body is reduced by this drug. Several symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose are a result of histamine usage....
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...family. I will discuss the social, financial and personal effects that has incurred with this patient. I will also discuss how the patient learned about her disease, educational experience, and motivators the patient used in learning about her disease. (Towner & Inter-mountain Healthcare,Utah,USA, 2008). Sonya D is middle aged African American woman whom had a career as a super model; until she was diagnosed with Lupus. A married woman and mother of a teenager, she enjoyed walking and spending family time with her spouse and daughter. Patient is not obese, non-smoker and non-alcoholic. She had been extremely tired and in bed a lot. She noticed her extremities going numb and went to the doctor for a physical, not expecting to hear the diagnosis of Lupus. Lupus is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system produces antibodies to cells within the body. This leads to widespread inflammation and tissue damage. Researchers believe it is linked to genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. Lupus may be characterized by periods of illness and remissions. Lupus has a variety of clinical manifestations and can affect joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys, and blood...
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...Dietary Supplements Summary James Johnson SCI/241 Abstract In this paper I am going to discuss and identify what are dietary supplements, some benefits of taking dietary supplements, some risks from taking dietary supplements, the government regulations surrounding dietary supplements, I will be discussing Rheumatoid arthritis and the use of an herbal supplement to treat it called cat’s claw. What are Dietary Supplements? Dietary supplements in the United States are classified as substances that you consume by the way of eating or drinking them. Dietary supplements can be herbal, vitamins, minerals, or amino acids, or even a part of all of these substances. Some benefits of taking these dietary supplements are boosting energy, losing weight, stress, heart health, liver health, and even to reduce wrinkles. These are just a few benefits of taking supplements, there are experts that say that there are places in our diet that has a definite need for supplements, but there primary goal is to fill in the gaps that we lose as nutrients. There are risks that are involved with taking dietary supplements and people need to pay close attention when taking to many supplements. Like all drugs there are side effects, Exposures to supplements (such as vitamins, herbs, protein powders, and botanicals) accounted for more than 35,000 calls to US poison control centers in 2011. Of these calls, more than 4,000 people were reportedly treated in health care facilities. More than 800 cases...
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...Living and Coping With Lupus Cheryl A Boyd COM/156 January 15, 2012 Jeffrey Long Living and Coping With Lupus Many things pertaining to Lupus are still a mystery. The research to find a cure is an ongoing process with no cure in the near future. What is Lupus? Lupus is a chronic and debilitating autoimmune disease. A person living with Lupus is literally under attack by his or her own body. Lupus makes the immune system attack the body’s tissues and organs. There is no part of the body that is safe from this savage attack. The skin, tissues, organs, and joints are all at risk. A person with Lupus can suffer problems involving the joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, and blood. Lupus although not as well-known as many other chronic and serious diseases such as leukemia, it is far more common. While a full life can be lived with Lupus it depends upon early diagnosis and consist treatment. Lupus left untreated can be fatal. More than 16,000 Americans are diagnosed with Lupus each year and many thousands more suffer from the disease without a diagnosis and do not know the disease he or she is suffering from is Lupus. This deadly and debilitating disease does not only strike in America, there are over fifteen million people stricken with the disease worldwide. Living with Lupus is a constant struggle to live a normal life and cope with the things most people do not even think about each day. I know this for a fact because I was diagnosed with Lupus six years ago and my life...
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...English 102 Stem Cells: There are 3 main types of stem cells- embryonic, adult, and induced pluripotent, that provide great advances to modern medicine (Power). In recent years, the discussion of stem cells has become that of a political and moral debate. There are many misconceptions about stem cell research. The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. “Stem cells promise great advances in the treatment of injury and disease, but many problems must be overcome before their potential can be realized.”(qtd. in Power) Before an opinion can be developed on if stem cells should be used, one must know what and how they are used. Stem cells have caught the eye of scientists since the early 1800‘s where cell propagation and differentiation were witnessed for the first time. It was a Russian histologist named Alexander Maksimov who, in 1908, first put forward the existence of the stem cell (and coming up with the term himself) as part of his theory of hematopoiesis (What). According to Maksimov’s hypothesis, all cellular blood components were derived from hematopoietic stem cells(What.). However, there had been no major developments in the field of stem cell research for some 60 years after Maksimov’s theory was proposed In the early 1900‘s European researchers made the discovery that all blood cells and platelets came from a specific ‘stem cell’(What.). However it was not until later in 1963 that the first quantitative descriptions...
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...Ashwagandha Human Biology and Nutrition April 12, 2015 What is Ashwagandha? Ashwagandha also known as Indian winter cherry. Ashwagandha is a shrub cultivated in India and North America whose roots have been used for thousands of years by Ayurvedic practitioners in many medicinal ways. The root contains flavonoids and many active ingredients. Ashwagandha is most well-known for its restorative benefits. In Sanskrit Ashwagandha means “the smell of a horse,” indicating that the herb imparts the vigor and strength of a stallion, and has traditionally been prescribed to help people strengthen their immune system after an illness. I have never personally seen ashwagandha but it belongs to the same family as the tomato. Ashwagandha is a small shrub with oval leaves and yellow flowers. It produces red fruit about the size of a raisin. The herb is native to the dry regions of India, northern Africa, and the Middle East, and today is also grown in more mild climates, including the United States.The root and leaf are the parts that are used because they contain the highest amount of steroidal compounds which include the lactones Withaferin A, and carbon-27-glycowithanolides, known best as Withanolides Ashwagandha has been used as an herbal remedy for hundreds of years. It has many applications, and has been used to treat inflammation, fevers, and to protect against infection or illness. It has also been used to boost the immune system and improve memory. Ashwagandha is believed...
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...unconscionably high prices to patients with life-threatening diseases (Pollack, 2012). To reduce this exploitation, it is recommended that the pharmaceutical company focus on research and development so as to develop other forms of ACTH that are as effective as Acthar; this will enable Questcor to reduce its prices on Acthar and allow more patients access the drug. Research and development should focus on how corticosteroids ought to be made the first-choice treatment of most of the disorders approved to be treated by Acthar (Thompson et al., 969). This way, those with conditions such as adrenal insufficiency and multiple sclerosis will be guided on the safe, effective, and more affordable treatment options and eventually this will reduce the high prices charged by Questcor. Budget and timeline To find out other diseases that could be cured using Acthar, the company will conduct multiple studies. Since the results of these studies will need a comparison, this will take approximately five years with most of the time committed to carrying out the studies. The first one year should be spent on researching other possible uses of Acthar aiming that the drug will be used for these other purposes rather than treatment infantile spasms only. The next three years should be spent administering the drug on specimens to evaluate its effectiveness on other conditions. The remaining one year should be focused on developing other forms of the adrenocorticotropic hormone that can be used and be efficient...
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...Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain in your muscles, ligaments and tendons, as well as fatigue and multiple tender points — places on your body where slight pressure causes pain. Fibromyalgia is more common in women than in men. Previously, fibromyalgia was known by other names such as fibrositis, chronic muscle pain syndrome, psychogenic rheumatism and tension myalgias. Although the intensity of your symptoms may vary, they'll probably never disappear completely. It may be reassuring to know, however, that fibromyalgia isn't progressive or life-threatening. Treatments and self-care steps can improve fibromyalgia symptoms and your general health. Signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia can vary, depending on the weather, stress, physical activity or even the time of day. Common signs and symptoms include: • Widespread pain. Fibromyalgia is characterized by pain in specific areas of your body when pressure is applied, including the back of your head, upper back and neck, upper chest, elbows, hips and knees. The pain generally persists for months at a time and is often accompanied by stiffness. • Fatigue and sleep disturbances. People with fibromyalgia often wake up tired and unrefreshed even though they seem to get plenty of sleep. Some studies suggest that this sleep problem is the result of a sleep disorder called alpha wave interrupted sleep pattern, a condition in which deep sleep is frequently interrupted by bursts of brain activity similar...
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...Women’s Health Issues Mary Shipp HCS/455 June, 18, 2012 Katherine Smith According to freedictionary.com the definition of health care policy is “a principle that no one can legally perform any acts that endanger the public health.” Health care access is an “ability of a person to receive health care services, which is a function of availability of personnel and supplies and the ability to pay for those services.” Health care policy also are many rules, regulations, and guidelines that exist to operate, finance, and shape health care delivery. Women’s Health Care Besides developing the same health care issues as men do, women have different health care issues also. Health care for women’s issues should be deal with differently from that for men. If health care providers do not take these issues seriously, women will suffer. Heart Diseases Men and women are affected from heart disease differently. It is the number one cause of death in both men and women. According to the Center of Disease Control (CDC), heart disease causes 29% of deaths in women annually. Usually more men die from heart disease but women are more likely underdiagnosed or mis-diagnosed. Once the heart conditions are diagnosed correctly, it is often too late. Breast Cancer Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. Breast cancer can cause fear in women causing them not to go to their providers for testing. Breast cancer can also cause women to make harsh choices in getting mastectomies...
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...of the System |Major Diseases Afflicting the System | |Nervous System |Brain |The most impost important |Alzheimer | | |Spinal Cord |system in our body which |Parkinson | | |Peripheral System |assist the nerve impulses to |Epilepsy | | | |control what is receive and |Stroke | | | |process. |Multiple sclerosis | |Cardiovascular System |Heart |The cardiovascular system |Coronary artery | | |Blood Vessels |helps food and air (oxygen) to|Heart attack | | | |be carry by our bodies and it |Heart failure | | | |also assist, in eliminating |Congenital heart | | |...
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...defending against, |Asthma | | |Skin |attacking and removing pathogens. |Urticaria (Hives) | | |Tonsils |Removes debris from the body, such|Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | | |Bone Marrow |as dead cells. |Rheumatic Fever | | |Spleen | |Rheumatoid Arthritis | |Required: |Brain |The nervous system allows us to |Multiple sclerosis | |Nervous System |Spinal cord |perceive, comprehend, and respond |Fibromyalgia | | |Sensory organs |to the world around us. The |Alzheimer’s disease | | |Nerves...
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...liver damage, and tolerance (meaning someone would have to take more to feel the same relief) (Abuse), while with marijuana there’s no liver damage and the tolerance depends on how often someone has to use it. Also, the only brain damage a person could suffer from marijuana is possibly some memory loss and while on it, a slow reaction to the environment. Additionally, marijuana can be used to treat several issues instead of just relieving pain like opioids. Marijuana can prevent seizures from epilepsy and dravet syndrome, which both cause seizures, reduce the effects of tobacco, slow the progression of alzheimer's, and help the symptoms of lupus, where the body basically attacks itself. Along with that it also treats the symptoms for diseases better than other prescriptions, Jody Corey-Bloom conducted a study of 30 people with multiple sclerosis, where the nerve covering is damaged, and stated that “These patients didn't respond to other treatments, but after smoking...
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