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Marijuana and Its Dangers

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Christian Nott, Nishant Grover, Michelle Hollcraft PHIL210 4/9/13 Marijuana and its Dangers Marijuana is a substance that has been known to impact the mental, physical and emotional well­being of users. It creates a sense of euphoria, known as a “high”, which gives users a false sense of security and assures them a period of bliss and tranquility. This intoxicated state proves harmful when a user tries to operate a motor vehicle or perform other tasks. When high, one tends to ignore daily responsibilities, such as going to work or tending to family and friends, and instead becomes a vagabond with an aimless future focused on simply getting high. Smoking marijuana over a long period of time can lead to the development of emphysema, chronic asthma & bronchitis and even cancers of the lung & windpipe in the rarest of circumstances. Neurological and cardiovascular effects have been reported as well in strong users such as short­term memory loss and the possibility of heart disease. And for casual users, the propensity to frequently smoke exists since the high is a feeling that can’t be replicated outside the drug due to the high concentration of THC, the main addictive property in marijuana. Marijuana abuse can cause brain damage, such as short­term memory loss and the inability to perform motor functions, for an extended period of time, perhaps irreparably. It is not heroin, crack cocaine or methamphetamine but pop culture references portray the results of marijuana use albeit to the extreme. There are no conclusive studies to prove these effects due to the time that marijuana has been in the mainstream but we simply need to know more before society can make an informed decision on the fate of this substance. There are several reasons why marijuana should not be legalized. The foremost of these is that marijuana causes long­term and short­term brain damage. A study conducted by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences tested the effects of marijuana use on 1000 people’s IQ, from age 13 to 38. Regular marijuana usage starting in the teen year resulted in an average IQ loss of 8, a significant decrease. The study also revealed damage to the brains of the people who used marijuana in their adolescent years. Marijuana also causes people to become dazed, confused, and unable to think clearly. This becomes a major danger when people under the influence of marijuana operate a motor vehicle. Marijuana severely inhibits one’s motor skills and judgment, rendering one unfit to drive a vehicle. “According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) 2007 National Roadside Survey, more than 16 percent of weekend, nighttime drivers tested positive for illegal, prescription, or over­the­counter medications. More than 11 percent tested positive for illicit drugs” (NIH). If legalized, the number of people driving under the influence of marijuana will increase. This will increase the danger that the driver presents to themselves and to others because of their impaired state. Addiction is a possibility with marijuana. According to the National Survey on Drug use and Health,” marijuana accounted for 4.5 million of the estimated 7.1 million Americans dependent on or abusing illicit drugs. 1 In 2009, approximately 18 percent of people aged 12 and older entering drug abuse treatment programs reported marijuana as their primary drug of abuse; 61 percent of persons under 15 reported marijuana as their primary drug of abuse.” One of the greatest dangers of marijuana is THC. “NIDA says that marijuana's main psychoactive ingredient, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), binds

to cannabinoid (CB) receptors, widely distributed throughout the nervous system and other parts of the body. In the brain, CB receptors are found in high concentrations in areas that influence pleasure, memory, thought, concentration, sensory and time perception, appetite, pain and movement coordination” (Payne and Healy). There are several opposition points argued to legalize Marijuana. Marijuana is said to be harmless when taken in moderation (Medical Discoveries). It helps the person relax enough so that he or she can complete tasks that a normal person would be able to complete and supposedly helps deal with depression. However, according to The University of Washington Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, “Marijuana may seem to help ease depression before the effects of the drug wear off; however after that, smoking marijuana may make depression worse” (ProCon.org). Some people also argue that Marijuana is safer than alcohol and tobacco because while you can consume too much alcohol, you can never overdose on Marijuana (Rabin). Also, more people become addicted to alcohol and tobacco than they do on Marijuana (Rabin). Studies have shown that there are “50,000 deaths each year as a result of alcohol and 400,000 as a result from tobacco” (Norml). Comparing these numbers with Marijuana, Marijuana seems to be the safest out of the three (NORML). However, this is a false analogy because you are comparing Marijuana to other drugs and completely ignoring the bad effects that Marijuana has. Marijuana is composed of a substance called tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, which affects the nervous system (Payne and Healy). Studies have shown that the amounts of THC in a joint today are greater than they used to be; however, this is not a problem because people can easily adjust their portion sizes and amounts they smoke to make up the difference (Rabin). This is not an effective

solution however, because Marijuana affects people in different ways, so there is no way of knowing how much is too much to take (Rabin). Many people argue that Marijuana should not be illegal because it is “the third most popular recreational drug in America” (NORML). As a result of this, people think that all the charges against adults who are caught with the drug or selling the drug are unnecessary because it wastes a lot of time and money that the government can be using for more important issues (NORML). They argue that the government should make Marijuana legal because it is costing more money to stop people from using Marijuana than it would to legalize the drug and put a tax on it (NORML). However, they ignore the fact the FDA has not approved of Marijuana, so it would not make sense if the government legalized it. When the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified, there was a reason why only alcohol, and not marijuana, was legalized: marijuana is simply more detrimental to the mental, physical and emotional well­being of users. It causes the brain to paint a false euphoric picture that covers up reality for the user which can impede how an individual makes decisions and reacts to various actions. Furthermore, smoking marijuana, which is the most common form of consuming it, can cause lasting effects on one’s respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous systems. Finally, there is a high chance of diminished mental capacity and decreased brain function due to marijuana use. Society can simply not let the general populace waste away talent and productivity to a substance that will bring nothing but a mere illusion of happiness and comfort.

Works Cited "About Marijuana." Norml Working to Reform Marijuana Laws. Norml Foundation, n.d. Web. 8 Apr. 2013. "DrugFacts: Drugged Driving." Drugged Driving. NIH: National Institute on Drug Abuse, Dec. 2010. Web. 08 Apr. 2013. "Inter­Agency Advisory Regarding Claims That Smoked Marijuana Is a Medicine." FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration. N.p., 20 Apr. 2006. Web. 08 Apr. 2013. "Is Medical Marijuana an Effective Treatment for Depression, Bipolar Disorders, Anxiety, and Similar Mood Disorders? ­ Medical Marijuana ­ ProCon.org." Medical Marijuana. ProCon.org, 2 July 2012. Web. 08 Apr. 2013. "Is Smoking Marijuana Safer than Smoking Tobacco?" Medical Discoveries: Bettering Your Health. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Apr. 2013. "Marijuana Abuse." Is Marijuana Addictive? NIH: National Institute on Drug Abuse, Sept. 2010. Web. 08 Apr. 2013. Payne, Cathy, and Michelle Healy. "Marijuana's Health Effects: Memory Problems, Addiction." USA Today. Gannett, 7 Dec. 2012. Web. 06 Apr. 2013. Rabin, Roni Caryn. "Legalizing of Marijuana Raises Health Concerns." Well Legalizing of Marijuana Raises Health Concerns Comments. The New York Times, 7 Jan. 2013. Web. 08 Apr. 2013.

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