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Marine Biology Career

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Submitted By hopfar
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Harry Opfar

Research Essay

Viability of Marine Biology as a Major
When deciding on a major for my college education, I had to find a field both in demand and it had to be a field I would like to spend the rest of my life in. I have always had a love of the animals in sea and several years ago had an opportunity to go to Sea World in San Diego. Recalling this trip and the recollection of seeing the dolphins and whales perform actually helped me make the decision to pursue a career in Marine Biology as a marine biologist. That brought me to the essence of this essay. How much education is required and does the marine biology field offer ample job opportunities and is there plenty of growth for future jobs? Also need to look at where those jobs are available, where I might have to move to. So I will first look at the education needed and the marine biology programs. I will then evaluate the job market now and in the future of this niche field. I will also exam the pay within this field and find out how the pay is derived as my research has shown that much of the money in this field of study originates different sources than a regular paycheck. There are several aspects to getting an education in marine biology. One need to look at the classes required and what schools are available, as well as where the best schools are located. A person majoring in the marine biology field needs to plan on taking many different types of animal biology and physiology classes. There is a much wider variety of animals in an oceanic field than other animal studies. There will be many classes on ecosystems and of course a thorough knowledge of chemistry is required. Degrees offered are bachelors to doctorate. To really be successful one should plan on obtaining a doctorate degree because most grants are given to the more educated people in the field. Around a hundred schools nationwide offer degrees in marine science, the highest number of colleges being in California and Florida. There are many states that offer degrees in marine biology mostly in the eastern part of the states. California, Oregon, and Washington seem to be the only west coast states with marine biology programs. Almost all of the east coast and southern coastal states have marine biology programs. All the programs are in marine science, but you can put a marine biology emphasis into those degrees. The coastal states would be the best places to study since these are the areas with the greatest opportunity to actually intern or take labs in actual marine situations.
How viable is a career in marine biology? To determine this one must look at many different aspects: 1. Where do employment opportunities exist? 2. What is the job outlook? 3. Where are the jobs located? 4. What is the salary for marine biologist? 5. What role do grants play for marine biologists? Employment opportunities exist in many places local or state governments operate many zoos and aquariums that require qualified biologist. Of course there are places like Sea World in California and Florida. Museums require marine biologist to help identify and maintain exhibits of marine wildlife. Colleges and universities are always doing research for companies as well as require teachers in the marine science areas. Private research institutions are always doing research and have need of marine biologists. The fishing industry seems to hold several job opportunities by needing helping controlling and maintaining viable fishing populations. The job outlook for marine biology isn’t as optimistic as many areas. Marine science is a highly competitive field where the number of marine scientists exceeds the demand quite excessively. There is also a very low turnover rate within the marine biologist field, meaning getting into the field can be difficult. There are a very limited number of openings each year and the growth rate over the years is expected to remain fairly limited. Biological scientists, which include Marine biologists, can expect a growth rate of about 9% between 2006—to 2016. One good thing about biological scientists is they usually don’t lose their jobs as easily during a recession as most are employed in long-term research projects. The best opportunities for marine biologists are for those that can get experience in population modeling, toxicology, and aquaculture. Population modeling involves showing how quotas on animals can affect populations. Toxicology looks at levels of toxic waste in streams, rivers, lakes, and seas. Aquaculture looks at increasing productivity on marine farms—places that help with fish or aquatic supplementation. What is the geographical location of the jobs available for marine biologists? Job locations for marine biologists are scattered over many areas. The east and west coast of the United States, along with the gulf coast areas are where most opportunities exist in the states. Australia, New Zealand and many of the tropical areas are great places to look also. New Zealand seems to be where a lot of the growth is occurring now. There is a perception that the marine biologist’s salary is very low and this makes many people somewhat hesitant to pursue this field. However a marine biologist’s salary is competitive with other jobs and varies with the years of work experience and the job location.
According to a 2009 survey, the first year salary for a marine biologist ranges between $36,000 and $45,000 depending on the place the marine biologist is hired. A marine biologist who has worked in the field for two to five years usually can earn anywhere between $45,000 and $57,000. For marine biologists with 5 or more years of work experience the amount of pay can vary between $60,000 and $70,000. Marine biologists with lengthy careers of 15 to 20 years or more can earn more than $100,000. The marine biologist’s salary range mostly depends on where the job is located. A marine biologist working for an elite research institution will earn more than those working for a smaller institution. What role do grants play for marine biologists? Many marine biologists salaries are completely dependent on grants or teaching. Writing a good grant proposal can take several months. If one writes a proposal for 5 months worth of work and it takes 2 months to write the proposal then you are only getting paid 5 months worth of salary for 7 months work. Another concern with grants is on average for every ten grants proposed only one is approved. A person writes 10 grants so 1 can get approved. The time to write the grants is now 20 months and again you are only getting paid for 5 months. A marine biologist must be very good with writing and making proposals to get the money they need. Teaching in marine biology offers opportunity but can faces many challenges also. College classes require that so many students be signed up or the class is cancelled. Marine biology is a field where this happens regularly. In summary, the choice to study marine biology and make a career of it requires one to look at many different things. The education needed is typical of any degree, but the ability to study anywhere one wants is very limited, mostly to areas with large bodies of water. The job outlook does concern one with the competitive nature of the field and small turnover rate within that field. Marine biologists do command a decent salary, especially once established. Having to write grants and the amount of time one puts into that for the rewards one gets seems a disadvantage to this field. The geographical areas of employment seem a bit limited also. In doing this research I feel it would probably not be beneficial to pursue a degree in marine biology, but will instead pursue biology in general as it opens up many more fields of opportunity.

Works Cited

Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-09 Edition
Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers 7th Edition. Modern Language Association of America. 01/01/2009.
Kennedy, Jennifer. “Marine Biologist” http://swfsc.noaa.gov/textblock.aspx?id=54 MarineBio.org. "MarineBio Newsletter 10 :: Marine Biology, Sea creatures, Marine life, Ocean biology... Research, News and more... MarineBio.org". MarineBio.org. Web. Sunday, December 02, 2012 <http://marinebio.org/marinebio/news/letters/10.asp>
Wood, James B., “Dr. Marine Biologist Salary: Becoming a Marine Biologist”. http://marinelife.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&zTi=1&sdn=marinelife&cdn=educ ation&tm=82&f=00&su=p284.13.342.ip_&tt=11&bt=0&bts=0&zu=http%3A//bl ogs.payscale.com/salarystories/2007/04/name_dr_james_b.html

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