...organisation of production in the ambience of a competitive price that has to control its cost of production. According to Fayol, the quality that a manager should possess is experience, knowledge, education, moral, physical. He strongly believed that the number of management principles that help to improve the organisations in potentially limitless. From his experiences, he developed his own concept of administration. He proposed the five functions of management that is plan, organise, command, coordinate and control. The 14 principles of management affirmed by him were explained in detail in his book “Administration industrielle et generale ". He was known as the FATHER OF GENERAL MANAGEMENT for his contribution to the contemporary management. Division of labour means specialisation of work. In Unilever the employees in the department are assigned to perform different functions and roles set by the top management. There are around 7 dept. in which a group of specialised people exist to perform the work best suited to them. For example in the human resource department the employees empowers people to perform at their very best, the IT dept. uses the technology to drive competitive advantage, the marketing dept. understands, creates and build demands for the brands and so on. In P&G there are mainly three heads which is divided into many departments. The three heads are Business, Technical and Non-management. The business head is further divided into design department, Finance...
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...Advertising in the press: an ethical issue In September 2012, the French newspaper Libération released a front page that produced controversies. Bernard Arnault, CEO of luxury firm LVMH, appeared above the statement “Casse-toi riche con”. The sentence refers to the Bernard Arnault’s application for Belgian citizenship. After few days of verbal struggle between the CEO and the newspaper, Liberation said LVMH and other firms cancelled for €700,000 in advertising, in response to the front page1. The loss of such a sum can threaten the financial health of the newspaper, whose global sales are around 60 million €. What should Libération have done? Avoid criticizing LVMH’s CEO, to ensure its advertising revenue and financial survival? To deal with the issue of advertising in the press, we need to check its economic weight. In France, the newspaper industry obtains almost 40% of its revenue from advertising2. This number is even bigger in the US (almost 70%). The other 60% are revenues from sales. At the same time, the press industry faces a grave crisis and its benefits are very low. Advertising is thus essential for newspapers survival. Moreover, newspapers have faced the rise of free newspaper for few years. Free newspaper, like the worldwide distributed Metro, find 100% of their revenues in advertising. In front of free news, it has become difficult to sell information. More and more citizens consider today information as a right, and refuse to pay anything for it. The economic...
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...traditional business segments. Businesses, both existing and new are trying to create an online individuality and an e-contract stand keeping in view the needs of the modern times. E-contract is one of the divisions of e-business. It holds a similar meaning of traditional business wherein goods and services are switched for a particular amount of consideration. The only extra element it has is that the contract here takes place through a digital mode of communication like the internet. It provides an opportunity for the sellers to reach the end of consumer directly without the involvement of the middlemen. New models of business demands different organisational charters. E-contract demands an organizational charter which caters to its new marketing needs. This mode of business enables businesses to save time on product design and device products according to the individual customer requirement, track sales and get immediate feedback from the customer. Contracts have become so common in day-to-day life that most of the time we do not even recognize that we have entered into one. Right from buying a vegetable and hiring a Cab or to buying an airline ticket online, uncountable thing in our daily exists is governed by contracts. The Indian Contract Act, 1872 rules the way in which contracts are made and...
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...“Integrated marketing: advertising and politics” Massey University Masters of Business Administration Marketing Unit Presented July 2013 Mike Richards Student ID 13154066 CONTENTS CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................ 2 1. OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................ 3 2. SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS AND THE APPLICATION OF ADVERTISING THEORY TO POLITICS .............................................................................................................................. 5 A. B. C. D. E. 3. 4. Advertising, Promotion, and Other Aspects of Integrated Marketing Communications (Shrimp & Andrews) 2013 .............................................................. 5 Advertising Theory (edited by Shelly Rodgers & Esther Thorson) 2012 .................. 6 Advertising and Society – Controversies and Consequences (edited by Carol J. Pardun) 2009............................................................................................................... 7 Advertising and the Market Orientation of Political Parties Contesting the 1999 and 2002 New Zealand Election Campaigns. ..................................................................... 7 Political Campaign Communication Principles & Practises (Trent and Friedenberg 2008) ..................................................................
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...How Costa Coffee would benefit and create additional value for their coffee store clients by using elements of Starbucks marketing strategy? Contents Introduction 3 Coffee Market in the UK 3 Market Leading Coffee Shops in the UK 4 Costa Coffee 4 Identifying competition 6 Starbucks 6 Conclusions 8 Recommendations 9 References 11 Appendix 1 13 Appendix 2 14 Appendix 3 15 Introduction Competitive marketing strategy is described by Kotler and Armstrong (2012) as a strategy which positions company against competition giving it the strongest possible strategic advantage. I have chosen Costa Coffee as it currently is the market leader in terms of most coffee retail outlets in the United Kingdom as demonstrated on appendix 1. Kotler and Armstrong (2012) point out that competitor analysis includes assessing competitions objectives, strategies, strengths and weaknesses, reaction patterns and selecting which competitors to attack or avoid. For he purposes of this assignment, I have identified competition based on the market share and customer view. Competitive marketing strategy is selected on the basis of it creating further value for the customer. Blythe (2009) concludes that competitive advantage is the outcome of effective...
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...Development of the functional mathematical relationships that describe the decision variables, objective function and constraints of the problem. • Model Solution - Models solved using management science techniques. • Model Implementation - Actual use of the model or its solution. 1.2 Factors of production Natural resources i.e. crude oil Capital i.e. investors Labour i.e. technical and academic Entrepeneurship i.e. takes capital and link labour and natural resouces combined with risk to provide goods and services. Knowledge i.e. to determine wants and needs quickly and to respond to them with products and services. 1.3 3 Most NB Economic systems = Capatalism, Socialism and Communism 1.3.1 Capatalism Free market system Built on principles of private ownership Is based on the right to make a profit, right to compete and the right to own property. System is market driven and the solutions to a country's economic problems are left to the market forces to solve. 1.3.2 Communism Centrally controlled system Based on the ideas of Karl Marx nd Friedrich Engels. All assets belong to the people All people must work in order to receive goods and services that are due. All assets and liabilities belong to the state. State determines the price of production and services. State controls all means of production...
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...5S SUMMARY 5S is a systematic approach to good house keeping. It is gaining a strong supporting most industries in Japan today, and there is an increasing number of companies which are implementing 5S with greater involvement of people within the organisation. Why is it becoming popular among companies in Japan? Simply because: 1) Workplaces become clean and better organised. 2) Shopfloor and office operation become easier and safer. 3) Results are visible to everyone – Insider and outsider. 4) Visible results enhance generation of more and new ideas. 5) People are automatically disciplined. 6) People become proud of clean and organised workplace. 7) Resultant good company Image generates more business, etc. Some significant benefits observed at companies practising 5S in Singapore include: 1. Happier people involvement 2. Greater people involvement. 3. Low employee turnover. 4. Increased number of suggestions. 5. Better use of floor space. 6. Less work-in-progress and inventories 7. Better flow of work 8. Low machine breakdown rates 9. Low accident rates 10. High yield of materials 11. High product quality 12. The assumption of why 5S is becoming so popular in Japan in recent years and now in other countries today is that it emphasises a people-oriented and also practice –oriented approach. 5S expects everyone – indeed, everyone to participate in it. It is based on the belief that every individual can contribute to improving his workplace...
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...of CRM • Types of CRM 1 2010.10.07. RE-INVENTING CRM In the late 1990s and early year of the 21th century, CRM was offered up as the next wave of marketing. The tools and techniques that would make traditional marketing obsolete. The automated approaches that would make customer relationships automatic and would enable the marketing organization to shell anything to anyone they chose. CRM was the single solution that would solve every marketing problem. Simply install the software, plug in the customer data and sit back and watch the profils roll in. But it wasn’t that simple. It wasn’t that easy. And, it simply didn’t work that way. Millions of dollars anp pounds and yen and Euros were spent on CRM systems, software and structures but, not enough seemed to come back. The five important things are about the book’s approach to CRM 1.Strategic, not more tactics. CRM is a business decision, made by business managers to achieve business goals. So, most of all, this approach to CRM is strategic. 2. Customers, not companies. Payne’s approach puts the company and the customer in perspective. If there is no benefits to the customer, there can be no benefit to the company. CRM is reciprocal process. 3. Process, not software. The found is something the organization does, not something the IT group or the marketing department, does or the customer service group does. Process is the key to CRM. 4.Outcomes, not inputs. The focus in on outcomes. What is supposed to happen as...
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...high-quality education and training that is inclusive, and which matches and supports the needs of our diverse learners and the local and regional economy” Corporate Values: ▪ Place learners at the heart of everything we do ▪ Promote a progressive, inspirational and dynamic approach to teaching and learning which responds to learners ▪ Create an environment and ethos which encourages learning and skills development ▪ Promote and provide opportunities for successful participation in education for people from all backgrounds and abilities ▪ Strive for excellence in all aspects of college business ▪ Encourage staff to embrace challenging professional standards and raise achievement ▪ Promote the principles of sustainability in use of resources and energy ▪ Respect the rights and responsibilities of all. Existing Cultures School Partnerships ▪ 14-16 ▪ Alternative Provision ▪ 16+ Foundation Learning Tier (FLT) ▪ Existing level 1 16-19 ▪ SLDD ▪ NEETs ▪ Prince’s Trust Additional Learning Support (ALS)...
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...Abstract The Power of Social Networking Sites in the context of Online Recruitment A thesis submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the award of BA Honours Management Author: Adeel Qurashi Mr Bill Sutherland 17th of April 2009 Robert Gordon University Aberdeen Business School Garthdee Road Aberdeen AB10 7QE Tel: + 44 1224 262000 Web: www.rgu.ac.uk Supervisor: Date: The Power of Social Networking Sites in the context of Online Recruitment II Abstract Abstract Social Networking Sites are experiencing a rapid growth; there seems to be no limit to their size. Many Social Networking Sites boast with millions of members using their networks on regular basis to communicate, share, create, and collaborate with others. Popular examples of these Social Networking Sites are Facebook, LinkedIn and Bebo. Although most of these sites lack decent business models, they are valued at millions of pounds. Google paid 1.5 billion dollar for YouTube when it wasn’t even earning a single penny. The reason successful Social Networking Sites have become so valuable is due to the amount of people that are using it; and people are exactly what organisations are after. This report aims to find out whether Social Networking Sites have the same value in the context of recruitment. Academic literature extensively discusses online recruitment, however not much is said about recruitment on Social Networking Sites: ‘Sociocruitment’. Research revealed that professionals...
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...GOOD MARKETING STRATEGIES CONTENTS 1. Introduction …………………….……..……….………………………………..…….3 2. Relationship Marketing…………………………………..………………………..….3-4 2.1 The Extent to Which It Is Practise.……………..………………………..….4 -5 2.2 Appropriateness of Relationship Marketing …………………………….….5-7 3. Customer Satisfaction …………………………………..………………………..….7 3.1 Measuring Patient Satisfaction…………………………………………....…..8 3.1.1 Patient Satisfaction Measures…………………………………………...…..8-9 3.2 Managing Patient Satisfaction………………………………………….……..9-10 4. Communications Mix…………………………………………………………………...9 4.1 Informative Promotion …..…………………………………………….….….10 4.2 The Communications Mix…………………………………………….…..….10-11 4.3 Successes……………………………………………………………………..11-12 5. Advertising………………………………………………………………………..…..13 5.1 Social-Cause Advertising……………………………………………….....…14 5.2 The Message ………………………………………………………………….14 5.3 The Medium……………………………………………………………….…14-15 5.4 Measuring Advertising Effectiveness…………………………………….….15 6. Conclusion………………………..……………………………………………………..17 7. Recommendation………………..………………………………………………………17 8. References……………………………………………………………………………….18 1. INTRODUCTION Every organisation has various strategies to market their organisation. For an organisation to be successful, they have to develop a marketing strategy. In my report I will analyse four marketing strategies in relation to my organisation...
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...Running Head: TOURISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Ethical implications of tourism in developing countries Emily McIntyre 3378148 September 26, 2006 TREN 3P12 Sonya Graci Introduction: Tourism is instituted in ad hoc fashion, with little regard to appropriate socio-ecological planning. This paper outlines the ethical implications of tourism in terms of the social and political, environmental and economical issues in developing countries. All resolutions for these implications, follow the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism (GCET) which is a set of principles whose purpose is to guide stakeholders in tourism development: central and local governments, local communities, the tourism industry and its professionals, as well as visitors both international and local (UNWTO, n.d.). Background on the industry: In general, tourism occurs in developing countries, because businesses have adopted a development-oriented perspective. The emphasis is on development (use) in order to reach optimal economic gain by extractive use of resources rather than protection and preservation (Fennell, 2002). There has been a trend in humans, to take on the role of being bad rules, by trying to exploit and dominate for short-term personal gain at any expense (Peterson, 1996). It is a harsh reality that there are a significant lack of resources for effective management of visitors and the environment (Fennell, 2002). Therefore, resource management is a critical issue that...
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...wisely: * Econo-Environmental * Environmental Stewardship * Encouraging visitors to consider sustainability: Encouraging customers to make sustainable choices is the biggest environmental challenge. * Focusing on appropriate management principles: * Customer focus * Leadership * Involvement of people * Draft sustainability policy: Using resources wisely: * Econo-environmental: * Resource efficiency: Try to use resource efficiency, avoid to waste electric and water. * Sorting of recyclable paper from general rubbish * Environmental Stewardship * Clean air, water, and land * Lower pollution: Using low VOC paint when painting sets for performances to protect the health and safety of workers * Zero waste: Turn off the air-conditional at 4:45pm every day automatically Encouraging visitors to consider sustainability: * Recognises the concerns and goals of all tourism visitors are important for planning, decision-making and developing mutually beneficial strategies and actions. * Engages visitors based on their interest to ensure a comprehensive basis of knowledge for planning. Focusing on appropriate management principles: * Customer focus Organizations depend on their customers and therefore should understand current and future customer needs, should meet customer requirements and strive to exceed customer expectations. * Leadership Leaders establish unity of purpose...
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... | | |1-6 | |Skills Mapped: |As listed in the course handbook. | Feedback |Assessment Criteria |Weight |Actual |Strength |Areas of Improvement | | |% |% | | | |Discuss and evaluate principles of |50% | | | | |management with reference to appropriate| | | | |...
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...Title: “The Role of Health Promotion in Reducing/Eradicating Non-Income Poverty amongst the Rural Population in Developing Countries” Introduction Health and Poverty are emerging global issues at the front of development debates, discussions and initiatives. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (UNDP, 2013), brings to the global agenda an urging need that deserves proactive global attention if lives will be saved. Non income poverty happens when people may have a little bit of money but otherwise the quality of their life is not good. They do not have access to affordable social and physical services like schooling, health care, medications, safe water, good sanitation, good transport etc., and they may not feel safe in their homes either because they cannot trust the authorities or because they belong to some particularly vulnerable group The first MDG goal directly stresses out the significance of poverty while goals 4, 5 & 6 relate to health. The rest focus more on the socio-environmental, economic and political issues that largely determine the population’s ill-health and wellbeing. Hence it is inevitable that poverty and health are globalised issues with greater local impacts that both must be addressed well using integrated approaches if quality health outcomes need to be achieved. The concept of health promotion in particular provides the overarching framework to practically address health inequalities and inequities that are determined by the broader...
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