...Abstract Disasters have devastating and severe acute and long-term consequences for individuals and communities. The paper expounds on the social ramifications of disasters, while highlighting a disaster’s effects in vulnerable populations. The collaborative actions of communities, governments, public health, media, and health professionals are also depicted in the paper. Lastly, implications for Advanced Practice Nurses concerning leadership, involvement in public policy and education, and development of advanced disaster planning are illustrated. Keywords: disaster, disaster response and planning, social ramifications, advanced practice nursing. Disaster--the term itself invokes feelings of dread, despair, and devastation. Furthermore, the effects of disasters on human condition are far-reaching and unpredictable. For health care professionals, disaster preparedness and response entails an understanding of the socio-economic issues and the collective responsibilities of multiple agencies when a disaster strikes. Disasters affect individuals, families, societies, and communities, with little time for any warning or preparation.1 The collective obligations of government, communities, hospitals, and medical professionals are underscored during this trying time. Introduction What is a disaster? Calamity, catastrophe, tragedy, are just some of the words uttered when a disaster occurs. Perry and Quarantelli2 explained that disaster has several meanings depending...
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...Dr. Hesham Sadek Case Study 2 “Natural Disaster & the Decision That Follow” Subject: Trials by Natural Disaster Prepared by: Hassan Ramadan Class Number: ESLSCA 7 Supervised by Dr. Hesham Sadek Case Study 2 “Natural Disaster and the Decision That Follow” --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Problem Definition: A natural disaster is the effect of a natural hazard that affects the environment, and leads to financial, environmental and/or human losses. We cannot stop the natural disaster or predict it clearly but good planning and...
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...TM5563: Public Health Leadership and Crisis Management | The key challenges to providing leadership during public health crises.Assignment One | Samantha Leggett: SN 12494652 | 9/16/2011 | TM5563 Public Health Leadership and Crisis Management Assignment One Introduction This assignment will define leadership and explore the traits and qualities that are deemed to be inherent to effective leadership and an explanation given for why leadership matters in times of crisis. The key challenges to leadership in both sudden and expected crises will be explored and potential solutions to these key challenges offered. Examples will be provided throughout using recent public health crises to illustrate. Leadership can typically be defined by the traits, qualities and behaviours of a leader. It has also been described as a process with a shifting locus of control in which leaders are not seen as individuals in charge of followers but as members of a “community of practice” where everyone involved in the activity is assumed to play an active role in leadership. However, even with an advanced team, there is still a need for distinct leadership to enable the whole team to be optimally successful. 1-3 It would appear that there are a number of key traits that good leaders possess, however the literature provides little concrete agreement on a finite number of these: Kambil et al. (2009) found that leaders have five key traits: Curiosity; courage - in willingness to face uncertainty...
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...Week 7 Case Study 2: Disaster Recovery (DR) Lessons Learned September 11th CIS359: Disaster Recovery Management Disaster Recovery (DR) Lessons Learned Sept 11th Introduction Prior to the 9/11 terror attacks most companies never believed their entire organization much less the computer systems, data, and employees could be completely wiped out by a single event. Most companies thought systems could be maintained and replicated on site and then restored with minimal downtime, but in the wake of 9/11 it became evident the disaster recovery models had to change by incorporating IT and people management into the plans (Gross, 2011). DR Affects After 9/11 IT became of major component of disaster recovery (DR) because of the lessons learned from the attack. Merrill Lynch, which is one of the largest financial firms in the world, lost one of their primary data centers for over 6 weeks from the attack, and most businesses cannot survive a loss of critical data of this magnitude (Merian, 2011). Companies became more aware of the dangers of having onsite data storage without offsite replication, which would have limited the data losses at Merrill Lynch and made recovery of systems much easier and faster. The ability to lose an entire facility including all critical business data through a single event became a true reality after 9/11 and businesses began exploring offsite data storage, which led to further recognition that these data recovery centers...
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...Social Media in Emergency Management Matthew W. MacClellan Webster University SECR 5060 – Mr. Griffaw July 8, 2012 Contents Introduction 3 Technology 3 Four Phases of Emergency Management 4 How to Develop and Maintain a Social Media Site 4 Mitigation 6 Preparedness 8 Response 9 Recovery 12 Works Cited 15 Introduction Communications has evolved greatly since the days of using a rotary telephone connected to copper wires in order to communicate. Today nearly 50% of the population in the United States use smartphones daily. According to Frank N. Magid Associates that is a leading research-based consulting firm, Smartphone owners have increased from 31% in 2011 to 44% in 2012 with a projected increase to 57% this year (Godfrey, 2013). Take a look around next time you are out in public and pay special attention to how many people are using their smartphones and tablet computers, you will see the use of them everywhere you go. Users can make phone calls on their smartphones, but tend to use data services such as Short Message Service (SMS) commonly referred to as text messaging, internet services, Global Positioning Service (GPS), and the camera on the Smartphone. Technology There are many other devices today from computers to tablet computers, but in order to frame how instantaneous communications can occur today it is important to understand the power the Smartphone yields when it comes to instantly sharing information, locations, and photographs...
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...Disaster Management Theory Many changes are abounding in the field of emergency management. These changes include how policy is written, how research is conducted, and how responses are being handled. Questions are brought to light such as are the four fundamental concepts of emergency management (preparedness, mitigation, response and recovery) truly guiding in today’s modern world or is it out dated? There is a delicate balance in finding the right level of emergency management and how much of it plays into terrorism and the Department of Homeland Security. Some argue that “Homeland security is a step back from the proactive approaches being recommended today, and it de-emphasizes all hazards other than terrorism” (MacEntire, 2004). Research is changing and students in academic research are finding there is more to the larger picture than many modern day professionals want to see in the world around them. Many have forgotten the past and only focus on the present, and on occasion the future. Typically, however, these focuses on the future are derived from some kind of catastrophic event having taken place that is forcing them to see a problem or error in the system they have come to rely on. They react to changes in society and bureaucratic changes in government. In fact, according to Sjoberg (1962), the government takes more control of situations and decisions after a disaster has occurred. In trying to come up with answers to how society reacts, how disasters...
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...Media coverage of crime is always accurate. The view of Media representing crime as an accurate one is not entirely true, since the dawn of time people have wanted to learn about what’s going on around them, within their streets and communities as well as further afield nationally and internationally, crime in particular in all its guises is probably the most fascinating and main topic for discussion and exploration by the general public, the Media institutions are only too happy to help out in this reporting , of course with a financial cost to the public, but not necessarily with reporting truths or with integrity, within this essay I will demonstrate instances of inaccuracy through the research. There are many on-going debates into Mass Medias influences on crime and violent crime in particular, but is this a true reflection of the current culture crisis or a fabrication to sell copy, taking for instance the Murder case of James Bulger in 1993, after the then 10year old boys Robert Thompson and Jon Venable led 2year old James away from a shopping centre in Liverpool to a brutal /senseless and pointless murder the Media was instantly ‘all over’ the case , even though a murder of children by children was extremely rare the reporting of and style of reporting throughout the case was reflecting to the public all that was now wrong in Britain, The Sun instantly called for ‘a crusade to rescue a sick society’, a ‘breed’ of violent children , single mother parenting , and...
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...aftermath of major disaster. Volunteers have tangible monetary value in terms of the reduction in actual labor costs that would have been required in the absence of volunteer. They also contribute financially by speeding up the recovery process. Disaster is an event where additonal man power is needed, it is in the best interest of the disaster operations to harness the efforts of the volunteers. Well treated volunteers will have a positive energy which can spread to the disaster victims. It is vital that the disaster management official as utilize these resources properly. There are two types of volunteers: spontaneous and NGO volunteers. The spontaneous volunteers are those who are not part of any organization but who appear at the scene of disaster. The volunteer group possess skills, training and experience that can not be ignored by those managing the disaster. The problem is that, they make lack the specific training needed for the disaster and inexperienced volunteers tend to hinder rather than help the response and recovery operation. So it crucial to prepare the volunteers appropriately before the disaster occurs. There should be effective public preparedness program that exceeds simply raising the awareness of hazard but also trains the public to perform specialized actions. Public education is the most effective method in involving volunteers in community preparedness programs and activities. Methods of public education includes: mass media, schools, organizations...
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...multiple vulnerabilities that determine their current condition of poverty and threaten their future. Though the project started functioning from December 2000 most of the field activities were launched in January 2001 onwards. The project is considered to be an innovative effort at evolving a partnership among GoB agencies, NGOs, fishing communities and the private sector for providing services at the doorsteps of the communities to empower them and encourage the community thus prepared to contribute to regeneration of coastal fisheries resources for their own sustainable livelihoods. The Empowerment of Coastal Fishing Communities For Livelihood Security project aims to enable and facilitate participatory community-based fisheries co-management and sustainable human development in coastal fishing communities of selected Upazilla of Cox’s Bazar District, through awareness building, organization and empowerment of communities, promotion of alternative/additional income generating activities, facilitate improved access to productive, social and administrative services, and strengthening linkages between organized communities and local government institutions. The primary aim of the project is to empower of the most vulnerable and disadvantaged groups of...
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...plethora of mass casualty events that could occur at any given time, it is imperative for public support agencies to be as ready as possible to effectively respond. This includes first responders—firefighters, paramedics, and police—as well as structural entities such as city, state, and Federal governments. To bring the efforts of these first responders and government entities together, health care organizations will ultimately bear the heaviest burden as sick and injured citizens arrive at their doors. This paper will explore disaster preparedness from a health care organization’s perspective, looking at the extensive preparation required to adequately deal with an event of serious magnitude. The Importance of Planning Ahead In today’s highly complex world, with the threat of terrorist attacks and natural disasters impacting virtually every major population center, there are myriad scenarios that must be considered and planned for in advance of an actual event. To not do so would render communities woefully unprepared and thus potentially increase the number of casualties through ineffective treatment or no treatment at all. Disasters, both man-made and natural, are characterized through four stages: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery (National Governors' Association, 1979). While prevention would be the desired mode for disasters, mitigation is sometimes the best case scenario. Since mitigation can only dampen the impact of disasters, preparedness...
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...3, respectively. Be specific. * Explain how the United States conducts an all-hazards response in the five preparedness mission areas of prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and disaster recovery. NIMS * When would a Deputy Incident Commander (Deputy IC) be necessary? Give examples. * In The missing piece of NIMS: Teaching incident commanders how to function in the edge of Chaos, the author notes that first responders have to deal with a disaster situation already unfolding, and not “all the pieces fit together nicely.” The author writes about the Five Tenets of Working in Chaos. Please paraphrase each one using your own words. The National Incident Management System (NIMS) provides a master plan for departments and agencies of all levels of government, nongovernment and private sector agencies to work together to handle an event, natural disaster or man-made terrorist attack regardless of scope, reason, or location.3 The NIMS is the heart of the National Preparedness System (NPS) which is a collection of frameworks created to make the handling of disasters uniform. Emergency management personnel trained in NIMS will handle a terrorist attack in Washington, D.C. the same way that an Incident Commander is handling a massive hurricane on the Gulf Coast. Any disaster has an inherent level of chaos from the very beginning. Having a framework to follow prevents the first responders from adding to the confusion. If NIMS is considered the big picture, the...
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...protect the organization from proactive defense and organizational risks. It examines the objectives, complains, responsibilities, implementations and control of policy criteria in order to enhance the organization. The paper also details the policy measurement in order to mitigate the organizational threats, and provides an effective security elements for the enhancement of the organization. Introduction: The policy This policy is the procedure and principle that guides the decisions and the rational outcomes of an organization. The subjective and the objective decisions can be assisted by policy in order to make better environment to the organization. Policies include the set of decision that can be associated by the senior management in an organization. Document information: The framework of Canar Networkung Organization could be provided by document information for the development of organization among the global markets. This document information will be used to define, collect, retain, protect, and share the organizational activities. The organizational member were utilized the document information in order to mitigate the vulnerabilities of organization. The sensitive and membership included by organization for performing several tasks of organization. The document...
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...May 12, 2014 The Media and its Responsibilities The media should follow certain ethical standards for the information they present to the public. Most people get their information from watching the news, the internet, listening to the radio and other forms of media. The reporters and journalists providing the information through media outlets have a responsibility to provide neutral and honest information to the general population. The media must remain accountable for producing information that can be verified with records. They must also be liable for the consequences of reporting their stories. If the story that is being reported is not done appropriately it could lead to negative consequences. Media outlets need to follow sets of ethical guidelines to ensure that they are providing accurate and valuable stories. The media needs to provide information that is ethically sound so that people are able to receive the news in a non-biased, factual way. This includes opinions on political stances, as well as reports on current events in our communities. If the media reports a story in a way that could sway the viewer, or misrepresent the facts, it could affect how the public reacts to this event. Misrepresenting the facts in a story can lead to pretty severe problems for the people. The people could be angered or panicked from the news they hear, or it could lead to false reports about an innocent person among many other potential negative impacts. A solid way to analyze...
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... iv. Information Collection, Analysis and Dissemination v. Media Partnership c. Conclusion 2. Case Studies a. Risk Communication During the Washington D.C. Sniper Crisis b. The Homeland Security Advisory System c. A Comparison of Leadership Between Two Outbreaks of Smallpox in the United States: New York City, 1947, and Milwaukee, 1894 3. Additional Sources of Information 4. Glossary of Terms 5. Acronyms 6. Discussion Questions a. General b. Washington, DC Sniper c. Homeland Security Advisory System d. Smallpox Outbreaks 7. Suggested Out of Class Exercises Introduction Communications has become an increasingly critical function in emergency management. The dissemination of timely and accurate information to the general public, elected and community officials and the media plays a major role in the effective management of disaster response and recovery activities. Communicating preparedness, prevention and mitigation information promotes actions that reduce the risk of future disasters. Communicating policies, goals and priorities to staff, partners and participants enhances support and promotes a more efficient disaster management operation. Mission The mission of an effective disaster communications strategy is to provide timely and accurate information to the public in all four phases of emergency management: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery • Mitigation...
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...your self and maybe even your own culture. When you have the ability to look past biases it becomes easier to communicate more effectively. Diversity training helps to identify those biases and countermand them. Technology affects diversity just as diversity affect communication according to Shachaf (2008). “Results suggested that cultural diversity had a positive influence on decision-making and a negative influence on communication. ICT mitigated the negative impact on intercultural communication and supported the positive impact on decision-making. Effective technologies for intercultural communication included e-mail, teleconferencing combined with e-Meetings, and team rooms. Cultural diversity influenced selection of the communication media”(page 1). All is not lost. If used correctly and ethically, technology can help communications as much as diversity may harm communications. Ethics The philosophical study of right or wrong, creating recommendations on how to apply the concepts and their recommendations are the core concepts of what we call ethics. The importance of ethics communication is as straightforward as they are important. The application of ethics...
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