...six million households in the market Consumers make 1.2 trips/week to the grocery store The marketing department of Hoppy Peanut Butter has identified four possible strategies for increasing profitability in southern Florida sales region including Increasing advertising Either offering discount coupons for the product alone Offering discount coupons for the product when purchased in conjunction with jelly or jam Market research firm Informatrix indicates that consumer purchases of peanut butter and jelly can be modeled as a Markov process Each visit consumers made to a grocery store were classified into one of four states: Purchase neither peanut butter nor jelly; Purchase peanut butter but not jelly; Purchase jelly but not peanut butter; Purchase both peanut butter and jelly. Informatrix estimates the transition matrix for consumers as follows: Next Visit Neither Butter nor Jelly Butter but not Jelly Jelly but not Butter Both Butter and Jelly Current Visit Neither Butter nor Jelly 0.42 0.21 0.17 0.2 Butter but not Jelly 0.36 0.2 0.28 0.16 Jelly but not Butter 0.39 0.23 0.15 0.23 Both Butter and Jelly 0.51 0.13 0.12 0.24 Consumer choice of peanut butter brand in southern Florida can be modeled as a Markov process, with the following transition matrix: Next Peanut Butter Purchase Hoppy Captain Hook Rif Reede's Laura's Others Current Hoppy 41.00% 16.00% 17.00% 12.00% 8.00% 6.00% Captain Hook 25.00% 31.00%...
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...| Plato, Descartes, and the Matrix After obtaining knowledge from the Matrix, Plato's Allegory of the Cave or The Republic and the first Mediation from Descartes, I see that there are a few likenesses and contrasts. I would need to say that The Matrix and Plato's hole purposeful tale were more comparable because the individuals included in both stories, they existed in this present reality where they were being cheated about what the fact of the matter was. In the Matrix, once Neo saw this present reality and that all that he thought was true was really a hallucination, is very much alike to the shadows on the dividers of the surrender that the prisoners saw in Plato's Allegory of the hole. In both stories, both characters could encounter reality as well as the phony world and was given opportunity to see reality and were confounded. Nonetheless, the detainee in Plato's story in the wake of picking up this new information let others in servitude know of his recently discovered learning however felt that the first truth was less demanding to with the exception to. Then again Neo in The Matrix chose he needed to realize what the right truth was. Both characters were intrigued by figure out reality however they recognized reality in an unexpected way. Plato thought it was fundamental for the affixed man in the Allegory of the Cave required to escape from the hole to look for reality. Socrates portrays a gathering of individuals who have lived anchored to the divider of a buckle...
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...Comparative Response Strategies- Introduction: In the current competitive market, various rivalries between industry giants may be witnessed. There are various components in which these competitions are studied. The core principle of such competition should be focussing on one’s own strength and avoiding one’s weaknesses. But, many a times, companies and industries tend to neglect this fundamental. Various companies implement various marketing mixes with different composition of the constituents. There for to analyse the action-response relationship can be studies by a matrix called Comparative Response Matrix. Comparative Response Matrix: The Comparative Response Matrix is an important tool used to study the competition between two companies. The matrix has three parameters namely Price, Quality and Advertisement. These three parameters give a 3x3 matrix which give us nine different action-response parameters. The matrix can be drawn as follows: COMPANY B(Response) | COMPANY A(Action) | | | Price | Quality | Advertising | | Price | Cp,p | Cq,p | | | | | | Ca,p | | | | | | | Quality | Cp,q | Cq,q | Ca,q | | Advertising | Cp,a | Cq,a | Ca,a | Table1. Comparative Response matrix Therefore all the nine parameters mentioned in the table signify the responses taken by company B against the actions taken by company A. We can further discuss each parameter separately using examples from the industry in detail. 1. Cpp : The...
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... and especially EV manufacturers, understand the main factors contributing to CPV and how to design suitable EVs that can yield higher CPV. This paper first constructs a multi-scale model for the measurement of CPV based on surveys conducted at Shanghai, China. Then, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method is applied to evaluate the importance of every scale and depict the internal relations among different scales on the impact-relations map (IRM). Further, a novel version of the house of quality is created to conduct technical feasibility analysis for the improvement of each scale. Finally, market segmentation for EV industry is proposed and discussed based on the analysis of the IRM, which could be a practical strategy for EV manufacturers to design appealing EVs and deliver the proper value at the right cost to the right people. Keywords: electric vehicles; customer perceived value; DEMATEL method; the house of quality; market segmentation 1. Introduction Protection of the environment, of course, has been a significant area of concern to society and...
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...modifications that bring its operating behaviors in line with its vision and goals, its success in the marketplace is in question. These effects are compounded by its recent acquisition by EDS, a highly bureaucratic organization which will impose some of its own vision, structure, and values upon the company. After thorough examination of Appex’s current organizational structure, its previous structural transitions, its core competencies, the evolution of the industry it serves, and the institutional context into which it is being placed, it is my recommendation that Appex undergo a substantive restructuring. For a company of Appex’s size in this rapidly-evolving, technologically-oriented market a matrix structure is best suited for enabling innovation, performance, and growth. The matrix facilitates communication and information sharing which lead to improved multi-functional coordination. This coordination fosters improvements in existing and new products and services, provides an increased level of efficiency through the reduction of duplication of efforts, and enables a level of...
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...Lecture Notes on Mathematics for Economists Chien-Fu CHOU September 2006 Contents Lecture 1 Lecture 2 Lecture 3 Lecture 4 Lecture 5 Lecture 6 Lecture 7 Lecture 8 Lecture 9 Lecture 10 Static Economic Models and The Concept of Equilibrium Matrix Algebra Vector Space and Linear Transformation Determinant, Inverse Matrix, and Cramer’s rule Differential Calculus and Comparative Statics Comparative Statics – Economic applications Optimization Optimization–multivariate case Optimization with equality constraints and Nonlinear Programming General Equilibrium and Game Theory 1 5 10 16 25 36 44 61 74 89 1 1 Static Economic Models and The Concept of Equilibrium Here we use three elementary examples to illustrate the general structure of an economic model. 1.1 Partial market equilibrium model A partial market equilibrium model is constructed to explain the determination of the price of a certain commodity. The abstract form of the model is as follows. Qd = D(P ; a) Qd : Qs : P: a: Qs = S(P ; a) Qd = Qs , quantity demanded of the commodity quantity supplied to the market market price of the commodity a factor that affects demand and supply D(P ; a): demand function S(P ; a): supply function Equilibrium: A particular state that can be maintained. Equilibrium conditions: Balance of forces prevailing in the model. Substituting the demand and supply functions, we have D(P ; a) = S(P ; a). For a given a, we can solve this last equation to obtain the equilibrium...
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...What factors do you think contributed to the level of success your team achieved? I believe our team achieved an 8/10 score for our level of success. Initially our team got off to a rocky start, our inability to pick a subject choice I believe inhibited and reduced our research time. However, once we started with some real direct communication and the team members (including myself) were able to contribute effectively, our opinions and ideas started to flow. Creating the google doc and having a structured matrix made communication and providing information easier. The content of our subject choice did change 2-3 times during this process, but I think that this enabled us to think as a team and work to everyone’s strengths. It was using the google drive and the document matrix where we were able to establish which team member would undertake what communication style sub-topic and which themes were most suitable to utilise across each sub-topic. Using the Wiki, emails and Google Docs made communication easier as 1 of our team members lives in a different country and time zone. We were able to bandy suggestions back and forth through these methods and the delay in time didn’t make much of an impact. With regards to the Prezi itself, Megan chose to design and manipulate the Prezi structure and layout. Being that Megan had, had previous experience with Prezi, the rest of the team were happy with this choice. In our team collaboration through Blackboard, we were able to see...
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...III. Matrices Definition III.1 An m × n matrix is a set of numbers arranged in a rectangular array having m rows and n columns. It is written A11 A12 · · · A1n A21 A22 · · · A12 A= . . . .. . . . . . . . Am1 Am2 · · · Amn There are two important special cases. A 1 × n matrix (that is, a matrix with 1 row) is called a row vector. An m × 1 matrix (that is, a matrix with 1 column) is called a column vector. Our convention will be that row indices are always written before column indices. As a memory aid, I think of matrices as being RC (Roman Catholic or rows before columns). §III.1. Matrix Operations Definitions 1. Equality. For any two matrices A and B A = B ⇐⇒ (a) A and B have the same number of rows and the same number of columns and (b) Aij = Bij for all i, j 2. Addition. For any two m × n matrices A and B (A + B)ij = Aij + Bij for all 1 ≤ i ≤ m, 1 ≤ j ≤ n That is, the entry in row i, column j of the matrix A + B is defined to be the sum of the corresponding entries in A and B. Note: The sum A + B is only defined if A and B have the same number of rows and the same number of columns. 3. Scalar multiplication. For any number s and any m × n matrix A (sA)ij = sAij for all 1 ≤ i ≤ m, 1 ≤ j ≤ n For example 2 1 0 2 0 + 3 1 1 2×1+0 = 1 2×0+1 2×2+1 2 = 2×3+1 1 5 7 4. Matrix multiplication. For any m × p matrix A and any p × n matrix B p (AB)ik = j=1 Aij Bjk for all 1 ≤ i ≤ m, 1 ≤ k ≤ n ...
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...quality information and recognize the solid, reliable research on which one‟s high-risk decisions as a manager can be based. One also needs to know how to analyze the research findings. The study of quantitative techniques provides one with the knowledge and skills needed to solve the problems and the challenges of a fast-paced decisionmaking environment. Managers make decisions on a day to day basis and it is necessary for them to be able to analyze the data so as to be able to make optimal decisions. This module has ten lesson which cover matrix algebra, markov analysis, Linear programming, differentiation, applications of differentiation to cost, revenue and profit functions, integral calculus, inventory models, sampling and estimation theory, hypothesis testing and chi-square tests. iii MODULE OBJECTIVES By the end of the course, the student should be able to:- 1. Perform various operations on matrices matrix algebra, 2. Apply the concept of matrices in solving simultaneous equations, input-output analysis and markov analysis, 3. Formulate and solve Linear programming using the graphical and simplex method 4. Differentiate various functions and apply to cost, revenue and profit functions 5. Apply...
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...Realities Two-Way Street Ignorance is bliss. This phrase, however comforting, is a provocative statement to the debilitating state of society and the human state of mind; the dual-edged comment is represented in both Plato’s Allegory of the Cave and the Wachoski brother’s The Matrix through universes, similar to our own, where people are in strong states of illusion and ignorance. Both have a character, which is brought to the “light” to realize this false reality and to liberate everyone else to a better reality, the “real” reality. Situations can arise where having knowledge of it can seem detrimental, however, our very existence as human beings is to live a life of bettering ourselves and the species in general through knowledge both good and bad, and the actions that take place from knowledge. People do actions and make decisions based on history from what he has done wrong or from what he has done correctly and on this basis it is a stepping stone that either good or bad having knowledge of the past, complete knowledge, helps to mold the future positively. Although blissful, avoiding reality will never be a positive action with even in modern days something such as Facebook has become our matrix keeping people away from the outside, not personally and physically interacting with others or now having games that are virtually realities allowing someone to be something else but does not benefit the world in any way. The lack of benefit world is where virtual reality does its...
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...1 Eigenvalues And Eigenvectors Aamir Nazir Course:- B.Tech 2nd Year (Civil Engineering) Section:- A Roll No.:- 120107002 System ID:- 2012018068 Subject:- Mathematics Subject Code:- MTH-217 Course Code:- CE-107 Teacher Incharge:- Ms. Archana Prasad 2 Contents 1. Abstract 3 2. Introduction 3-4 3. Eigenvectors and Eigenvalues of a real matrix 4 a. Characteristic Polynomial 7-8 b. Algebraic Multiplicities 8-9 4. Calculation 9 a. Computing Eigenvalues 9 b. Computing Eigen Vectors 10 5. Applications 10 a. Geology and Glaciology 10-11 b. Vibration Analysis 11-12 c. Tensor of Moment of Inertia 12 d. Stress Tensor 12 e. Basic...
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...* 1 Lesson: Linear Models and the Distributive Property Write an Expression Using the Distributive Property over Multiplication Some expressions representing real-world situations can be easily written in the form [[ a bx+c ]]. When solving problems with expressions written in this form, you will use the distributive property over multiplication. Example: You and your friend are selling raffle tickets for the local rotary club. Tickets are sold for $2 each. Your friend has already sold 100 tickets, and you are going to sell the remaining tickets. Write an expression for the total amount made from raffle ticket sales. In this problem, you are comparing two quantities: the number of tickets that you sell and the total amount of money made from ticket sales. In the first row of the table, write the column headings to describe the two quantities. The number of tickets that you sell is measured in tickets and the total amount of money made from ticket sales is measured in dollars. In the second row of the table, write the units used to measure each quantity. The problem states that the tickets are sold for $2 each and your friend has already sold 100 tickets. Use a variable, such as [[x ]], to represent the number of tickets that you sell. You can determine the total amount of money made from ticket sales by multiplying the total number of tickets sold, [[100+x ]], by the cost of each ticket, 2. The expression [[ 2100+x ]] represents the total amount of money made from ticket...
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...Essay PHIL 201 July 7, 2014 Essay After reading these pieces I concluded that the central theme is being awaken from a false reality but each piece differs in the action that follow the awakening. The Matrix is set in a futuristic setting, where the theory of being controlled by a massive computer is a real possibility. What I find most interesting is that Plato actually describes the concept of The Matrix, almost as if Plato’s dialogue was used an inspiration. In The Matrix and Plato’s dialogue, humans are not physically living the life they perceive as “real” but are stationary beings who are forced to live a false reality prescribe to them. This is where René Descartes’ excerpt differs from the previously mentioned. The person is aware of possibility that what he knows as true could be false, that how could we know if what we are living is done consciously or if our existence is but a dream. All of the excerpts also rely on the reasoning that the mind is the sole contributor of our existence and our physical senses only respond to what the mind knows. The differences in the readings is based on the actions or possible outcomes that occur once the awakening has taken place. In The Matrix, Neo decides to act and decides to embark on a journey to discover reality not being controlled by a computer. Plato’s dialogue is different because this is based on a hypothetically theory, so while there is no physically action the questions lies in how would people respond to...
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...Axia College Material Appendix B Cash Management Matrix Directions: Using the matrix, list how each of the principles of internal control works, and give an example for each. Next, list how each of the principles of cash management works, and give an example for each. |Principles of Internal Control |How it Works |Example | |Establishment of responsibility |Designating one person to a task. |If one person is in charge of a bank deposit, they are held | | | |responsible for putting the correct amount in the bank, the | | | |addition of the money, and if it is wrong (short/long), there is| | | |no question of who is responsible for the mistake. | |Segregation of duties |Divide the duties among employees and be consistent that they |Checking in merchandise, this person would know that they are | | ...
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...The Tools of Cooperation and Change Clayton M. Christensen, Matt Marx and Howard Stevenson Harvard Business Review October 2006 Introduction Christensen, Marx and Stevenson outline how a manager might use various methods to encourage people to work together towards successful change. The ability to get results and to be a successful change agent depends on the manager’s ability to select the proper motivation/change tools that will work within the situation and work environment they are facing. Assessing the Existing Level of Change The first step in selecting the proper tools to implement change is to assess the level of agreement in the organization based on two dimensions. Those dimensions being: • The extent to which people agree on what they want; the results they see from participation; values and priorities and trade-offs they are willing to make to achieve those goals. • The extent to which people agree on cause and effect; which actions will lead to the desired outcomes. When people have a shared understanding of cause and effect, they will usually agree about which processes to adopt. Four Types of Cooperation Tools These are the tools a manager can use to help implement change within the organization. It is vital to use the proper tools in the correct situation, otherwise there can be even more damage. The four types of tools are: • Power tools – ex. Force, coercion, threats • Management tools – ex. Training, operating systems, measurement systems ...
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