...Tziporah Nockenofsky, 337655518 The Meaning of Meanness: Popularity, Competition, and Conflict among Junior High School Girls Don E. Merten In this qualitative research paper, Merten examines the sociocultural construct of meanness, more specifically how competition for popularity influenced a group of girls in junior high to be blatantly mean to one another. The goal is to understand why meanness was considered acceptable and didn’t threaten the girls’ popularity and perhaps more importantly, to understand the mixture of social and cultural factors that exist behind this cluster of behaviors. Merten approaches the issue of meanness not because of a deficiency in existing field research but in order to focus on the relationship between competition for popularity and meanness. The clique he researched had become so embroiled in their mean spirited behaviors, they acquired a reputation of being the meanest girls in the school. Merten concentrates on analyzing the complicated factors that led to such a social reality. In earlier research of competition and its effects on human relationships, researchers worked from the suspicion that women were by nature less competitive than men. Females were found to prefer to use verbal strategies to diffuse personal conflict rather than confront any open competition. Eventually it...
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...Journal of Education and Practice ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol 3, No 1, 2012 www.iiste.org The Effectiveness of Co-curricular Activities on Academic Achievements of Secondary School Students in District Abbottabad Pakistan - A Case Study Zahid Bashir, Shafqat Hussain NUMLs Islamabad Pakistan Abstract This research was conducted to examine the effect of co-curricular activities on academic achievements of secondary school students in District Abbottabad. The research is experimental in nature, pre-test Post–test equivalent group design was selected for this purpose. In this study, an achievement test covering four chapters of mathematics and four lessons of English was used as measuring instrument. Depending upon pre-test scores, 200 students of 10th class were divided into two equal groups (n=100) named as experimental group and control group. The experimental group was involved in co-curricular activities and the control group did not participate in any activity beyond the classroom. There were two types of co-curricular activities. First physical i.e., games, athletics and P.T (physical training) etc and the other was debates, drama speeches etc. The experimental group carried out activities for forty minutes daily for twelve weeks. The post-test was administered after twelve weeks. The pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental and control groups served as data for this study. The analysis of data revealed that on the whole...
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...Women’s Role in Economic Development: Overcoming the Constraints BACKGROUND RESEARCH PAPER Sarah Bradshaw, Joshua Castellino and Bineta Diop Submitted to the High Level Panel on the Post-2015 Development Agenda This paper reflects the views of the author and does not represent the views of the Panel. It is provided as background research for the HLP Report, one of many inputs to the process. May 2013 Women’s role in economic development: Overcoming the constraints Background paper for the High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on the Post-2015 Development Agenda Prepared by Dr. Sarah Bradshaw, Principal Lecturer, Middlesex University with Dr. Joshua Castellino and Ms. Bineta Diop, Co-Chairs of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network Thematic Group on the “Challenges of Social Inclusion: Gender, Inequalities and Human Rights” 20 May 2013 1 1. Introduction This short paper aims to highlight the important role women have and can play in economic development. It addresses three questions: what is the evidence base to support investing in women? What are the current constraints on realising the full potential of women in the process of economic development? What are the priority areas of intervention necessary to unblock these constraints? It is focussed on women and on economic development, rather than on the wider issue of gender and development. However, before looking at the evidence base, constraints, and interventions, it will provide a brief context...
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...Catalfano Writing Mode: Persuasive Research Due: Please upload your essay to turnitin.com by the assigned due date. Late papers will incur the typical 10% per day late grade deduction. Length: Between 700 and 850 words for College Prep students; between 850 and 1000 words for Honors students. Format: Typed, double-spaced, 10-point Times New Roman font. Grading: 60 points, graded according to the standard rubric. (Note: this paper will also require two or three “checkpoints,” each of which is worth 10 points.) Topic Selection: What do you care about? This is a persuasive research paper, which means you are taking a position on a contemporary issue that you care about and setting out to prove that your position is correct with strong, convincing sources. How many sources? * at least four sources for College Prep students * at least six sources for Honors students Of course, you need to set out to support an idea that is capable and worthy of being supported—not something completely obvious. Because one of the major course objectives is to write about what you believe in (as you find your writing voice), you will be allowed to choose your own topic for this persuasive research paper, so long as it is not a topic you have written about already for another class (remember: your intellectual and personal integrity should be important to you, so research something new to you, which is most of the “fun” of research). I must also approve your topic...
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...Sample APA Annotated Bibliography With Instructions APA means American Psychological Association and often refers to the style of documentation adopted by that professional group, a style that features the date of publication more prominently than other forms of documentation. See the Hodges’ Harbrace Handbook (pp. 652-679***) and the PowerPoint presentation on APA under the Research Writing Resources in the Web Resources section of the ENC 1135 on-line syllabus for details. Since annotated means enhanced or clarified with notes, an annotated bibliography is a list of sources presented with comments on content and usefulness to the research under way. The list must be presented in alphabetical order by the author’s last name or the first word of the title (for a resource that shows no author), regardless of form of the source; that is book, journal, Internet page, and CD-ROM—with author(s) or without Sources—all appear together on one list. Do not number the entries on the References list. The forms for the electronic resources appear accurately and carefully on the Learning Resources pages of the IRCC site, or you may pick up the printed “Documenting Electronic Resources APA STYLE” at the Ft. Pierce campus library and at the sites. Carefully note that the title of an APA bibliography is “References.” All items on the sample list below are pure fiction, as are all comments; they are offered to provide example of proper form. A 750-1000 word APA must...
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...When watching The Bare Bears, one amazing thing I have noticed is that the friendship among them. They are so close to each other, but when a girl later involved in the friendship. Things seems have changed. Panda fell in love with the girl, but they other bears see the girl as a good friend. Later, there are funny things happen because of this. I was wondering what is this thing that makes friendship different between opposite sex. According to this, the question I used to lead my research is “What is the difference between same sex and different sex friendship?” This question is kind of broad and what I intend to do is looking to some specific aspects about it, especially gender. I searched a few research articles and found some that fits...
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...topic that you will focus on enough broad so you can find enough information? Is it narrow enough so you can cover it adequately? Yes I did a research on the Krahn tribe from Liberia and found information about them: who are the krahn tribe? Where do they come from before going to Liberia, what part of Africa where they settle? 4. Establish a goal. What do you want to accomplish in your essay? Do you want to analyze the topic? What I wish to accomplish from this essay is that my readers should have a clear ideal on how the Krakn tribe became known among the other tribes and where they migrated from. 5. Your audience. What do they need to know? My audience, at the end of this essay will be able to know some interesting historic information about the krahn tribe. Some of which includes culture; marriage, rising up a family, farming, and tribal wars. Why are tribal wars fought and how messages are spread to different towns to informed them of danger and how peace treaties are reach. 6. Consider your purpose. How can you express your purpose in a single sentence? That statement can help you stay on target as you do research. Later on, you can revise this to become your thesis statement. Historic culture of the Krakh Tribe on how tribal wars are fought, messages are spread to different towns that means danger, marriage, rising up a family as a town/ village, farming, and trading. 7. Make a list of questions you have about your topic...
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...Memory experiment In my research experiment, I will be finding out which gender has the better short term memory recall. I have conducted a Literature Review so that I can review the past experiments on memory. Literature Review The first experiment that I read about was conducted by Liz B, and was conducted from 2004-5. Her hypothesis was that gender had an effect on short term recall. This made it non-directional, since she wasn't sure how gender effected memory, or if it was a positive or negative effect. The Independent Variable was the quiz sheets that were given out and the Dependant Variable was the number of words the students got correct. The results of the experiment was that girls received a better score than boys, however because the difference between the results was so small - with the girls' average at 43% correct and boys at 40% - that Liz felt gender had no effect on short term memory recall. The second experiment was conducted by Danah Henriksen. Henriksen's experiment was conducted to test the memory of an individual. Henriksen’s Independent Variable is the list of words that Henriksen asked the participant to remember, and the Dependant Variable is the short term memory of the participant. Henriksen felt that the participant that he conducted the experiment on was fifty-six year old male 'who seemed motivated to score well, possibly in the hope of combating a reputation for age-related memory loss'. This means that the results are unreliable...
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...The Benefits of Spirituality in providing Emotional Care to Trauma Survivors Nigel E. Lewis California Southern University Abstract Spirituality is widely utilized across cultures as means of dealing with emotional trauma such as tragedy and disasters. Ironically, in academic circles recognition of the value of spirituality as a coping mechanism has been slow. However, in the current post September 11 environment, greater attention has been given to the value of spiritual care in the treatment of victims of emotional trauma particularly in disaster mental health studies. In this paper the value of spirituality in providing emotional care to survivors of trauma is analyzed. Why is the value of spirituality in emotional care important to me? Conventional wisdom has held to the notion that boys are better at math than girls. Perhaps, this age old belief was responsible for Mattel the company that produced “Teen talk Barbie” in 1992 to create a Barbie doll that had among its stored phrases, one phrase that said, “Math class is tough!”. This phrase was stored with 270 other girl talk phrases such as “I love shopping” and “Will we have enough clothes!”. The result was that Mattel was soundly criticized and quickly changed the doll’s offending phrase a few months later. In spite of Mattel’s effort to correct a message that verbalized an inherent cultural bias, one wonders if the is any accuracy...
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...Research Paper: The Influence Barbie Dolls Have On Little Girls As a child, many young girls received dolls to play with, and one of the most popular dolls that many mothers give to their child are the Barbie dolls. This Barbie dolls have been made to look like the ideal women with their thin bodies and their perfect faces. Some research has shown that young girls, especially girls from ages five to seven, who play with this Barbie dolls have had body image problems. As Helga Dittmar, Emma Halliwell and Suzanne Ive state in their article " girls from age 5 1/2 to age 6 1/2 years old, that [were exposed to a] Barbie doll [were] significantly depressed [with their] overall body esteem and had discrepancies between [their] actual and ideal body size". In another article, Tara L. Kuther and Erin McDonald wrote that “Barbie dolls are pervasive within [a] girls’ experience and may influence their developing self-concept”. In this following experiment, we’re going to find out if Barbie dolls really do influence the way little girls think of how a women should be. For this experiment we will use twenty little girls from ages five to seven because that's around the age range when little girls start and stop playing with Barbie dolls. These girls would be Americans that come from middle class families who have never played with a Barbie before. We will pick ten random girls to go into a room with the Barbie dolls, the Barbie dolls accessories and the dream house and...
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...thought, what does my name mean, and I began searching. Although finding little information, I found some. By using the Internet, a personal interview, and a book, I discovered riveting facts about my first, middle, and last name. To start off this process, I started thinking about my first name. I knew a little of what my first name meant, but not much. When actually searching my name with (www.thinkbabynames.com), the name Kai’Lyn means keeper of the keys and pure. Not many people have my name, but it was one person that I came across from, and see was from the reality show “Teen Mom 2,” Kailyn Lowry. I also found out that Kailyn is not a female name, it is most commonly in male population. I also interviewed my mom about my first name, and she said, “I wanted you to have a white...
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...Jalen West Research Paper on - Rebecca Sedwic Page 2 Rebecca Sedwic, jumped to her death last month, and two girls are now arrested for aggravated stalking. Some research doctors tell people that criminal doing of cyber bullying won't solve the problem. Two Florida girls harassed and bullied 12-year-old Rebecca Sedwic before she committed suicide last month was arrested Monday night. They were charge for aggravated stalking. The girls are accused of threatening to beat Rebecca. They sent her messages to encourage her to kill herself. “Drink bleach and die,” one girl said. The government had been investigating the bedevilment since Rebecca jumped to her death last month. They’ve said as many as 15 girls had been involved in the online bullying that they think were a reason of her suicide. The case is the latest – and includes one of the youngest victims – of an amount of suicides that have brought a lot of attention to the problem of cyber bullying. Experts is focusing on the issue and is saying that cases that end in suicide are still really rare and that criminalizing cyber bullying isn’t necessarily and the best way is to stop it. “It’s a horrible case, it’s an intense case, and there were a lot of people included in bullying this girl in some pretty significant ways: It was not your run-of-the-mill cyber bullying,” says Justin Patchin, co-director of the Cyber bullying Research Center .He adds, “I do think more criminal doing of cyber bullying isn’t necessary. Based...
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...Original Research Article Menstrual hygiene management amongst school going girls in Kisii County, Kenya Definitions Pubic mixed day secondary schools- government schools with both boys and girls who do not board in the school. ABSTRACT Introduction: Menstruation is a natural phenomenon among matured females who experience shedding of blood for 1-7 days every month from the age of maturity until menopause. Menstrual hygiene management is an issue that is insufficiently acknowledged and has not received adequate attention. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge and practice on menstrual hygiene among school going girls and assess access to clean, safe and private space for menstrual hygiene management in schools Problem Statement: There is lack of clean, safe and private space for menstrual hygiene purposes. Poor menstrual hygiene practices are affecting the health well being of girls including anxiety, infection, education and discomfort. In mixed day secondary schools, there are no special Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) facilities for the purposes of handling menstruation safely and in dignity Methodology: A descriptive crosssectional study was conducted as from March 2014 to April 2014 on 175 girls recruited from two mixed secondary day schools in Kisii Township. Indepth questionnaires were used to collect data from the girls, key informant interviwers conducted on the head teachers and focused discussions held with 16 randomly selected girls. An observation...
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...SHOULD ABORTION BE LEGAL? By MARY W. DOUGLAS FINAL PAPER PHL-103INFORMAL LOGIC ANTHONY BIDUCK-INSTRUCTOR SEPTEMBER 8, 2013 Final Paper DouglasM1 Thesis The definition of abortion is the induced termination of a pregnancy followed by the death of the embryo or fetus. The paper is presented on the moral issues of Abortion. Should abortion be legal? As today’s society becomes more open-minded to an issue normally handled behind closed doors being performed by persons with no medical degree whatsoever, the choice should be left to the individual whether or not to have an abortion. Abortion is an eight letter word that has become a label that society applies to the procedure in which a pregnancy is purposely ended for many reasons. Let us examine the subject of legalizing abortion. Argument Abortion has been a very controversial topic for many years. With women’s rights to vote, the right to burn their bras if they wanted to, and the right to eliminate a developing fetus from a woman’s body has become a great debate. Abortion is a subject that questions the morals of an individual and their decision as to whether to have one or not. Moral philosophy has always investigated the rules and principles...
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...moral and social development. I think I questioned it because I didn’t quite understand what the words meant, especially for myself. I think everyone questions their morality from one time or another and we all think about how we have developed socially, depending on the group of people that we are around. Children do not questions these things, they just adjust accordingly. After reading several different definitions on the internet and in the dictionary, moral and social can be broken down very simple, the meaning of moral is knowing right from wrong and social means relating to others. These are very simple explanations to two very simple words, that for the age groups of 6-8 and 13-15 become a very important part of their development as they grow up. I have read many different things about moral and social development while researching for this paper and I have found one website written by a Dr. C Boeree to be very interesting. He writes about the Kohlberg theory on moral development in children, Lawrence Kohlberg is a Psychologist who researched and interviewed many young children to explain the development of moral reasoning, he did this by presenting different moral dilemmas to children and then he interviewed them. The Boeree ( 2009) website uses Kohlberg’s Theory to talk about the stages of moral development in children, this theory is broken down into three different levels and these levels are...
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