...Evaluate biomedical model of health Current medical models assume that all illness is secondary to disease. Revision is needed to explain illnesses without disease and improve organisation of health care. Cultural and professional models of illness influence decisions on individual patients and delivery of health care. The biomedical model of illness, which has dominated health care for the past century, cannot fully explain many forms of illness. This failure stems partly from three assumptions: all illness has a single underlying cause, disease (pathology) is always the single cause, and removal or attenuation of the disease will result in a return to health. Currently, most models of illness assume a causal relation between disease and illness—the perceived condition of poor health felt by an individual. Cultural health beliefs and models of illness help determine the perceived importance of symptoms and the subsequent use of medical resources.4 The assumption that a specific disease underlies all illness has led to medicalisation of commonly experienced anomalous sensations and often disbelief of patients who present with illness without any demonstrable disease process. Finally, most biomedical models also seem strongly linked to primitive forms of intuitive mind-body dualism. Health commissioners, budgetary systems, healthcare professionals, and the public all act as if there is some clear, inescapable separation between physical and mental health problems, ignoring evidence...
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...Theory Introduction The model of Swiss cheese is a model of accident causation which is used risk management and its analysis in system of healthcare, aviation, and engineering. Swiss Cheeses Model compares human system to Swiss cheese slices. The slices are piled together with one another. Basically it was founded in 1990, by James T. Reason, a British psychologist of University of Manchester. The model gained wide acceptance and has been used by healthcare industry, emergency services organizations, aviation industry, and safety industry since it was developed. It is also known as cumulative act effect. According to a survey, in most of the cases, there can be four levels of failure for an accident: unsafe supervision, unsafe act of themselves, organizational influence, and preconditions for unsafe acts. James T. Reason, in his Swiss Cheese Model developed defenses of organization against the failure and represented barriers as slices of Swiss cheese. And individual weaknesses are shown by the holes in the slices as part of the system, and all holes are different in position and sizes in those slices. The failure of the system occurs when holes in slices simultaneously align in aggregate, giving permission, as James Reason's said “a trajectory of accident opportunity", so that in all the defenses, jeopardy passes through all holes, which causes failure. Discussion The theory of James T. Reason involves mathematical analysis and is complicated and also involves...
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...Care Models Complete the “Health Care Models Analysis” document. APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 1 Unsatisfactory 0.00% | 2 Less Than Satisfactory 65.00% | 3 Satisfactory 75.00% | 4 Good 85.00% | 5 Excellent 100.00% | 80.0 %Content | | 30.0 %Health Care Model Knowledge | Includes little knowledge about each or several models. Subject knowledge is not evident. | Includes little knowledge about each model (medical, holistic, epidemiological triangle, and social). Outlines underlying causes and symptoms, as well as personal, social, economic, and environmental factors with few supporting details and examples. Little subject knowledge is evident. | Includes knowledge about each model (medical, holistic, epidemiological triangle, and social) with some supporting details and examples. Presents basic information in relation to underlying causes and symptoms, as well as personal, social, economic, and environmental factors. Some subject knowledge is evident. | Includes essential knowledge about each model (medical, holistic, epidemiological triangle, and social) with supporting details and examples. Addresses underlying causes and symptoms, as well as personal, social, economic, and environmental factors. Subject knowledge appears to be good. | Covers each model (medical, holistic...
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... | |Ayesh_15_94@yahoo.com |abc@xyz.com |noorulainkhaan@gmail.com | Abstract – Healthcare Delivery Organizations (HDOs) are facing a number of problems due to their mode of operations. Amongst the problems are improper modes of data storage, insecurity of medical records, difficulty in accessing healthcare services, high cost, and inaccurate diagnosis. Recently research has identified Cloud Computing (CC) as a new and substantial business model capable of providing efficient services that can benefit the healthcare industry. The aim of this paper is to study the existing cloud computing applications in healthcare industry and propose optimal techniques and solution on the basis of analysis. Keywords – Cloud Computing (CC); Healthcare Information Technology (HIT); Healthcare Organizations (HCOs); Cloud Service Models; Cloud Deployment Models; Electronic Health Records (EHR) I. Introduction Improper modes of data storage, insecurity of patient medical records, difficulty in accessing quality healthcare services, high cost of medical services, and inaccurate diagnosis and therapy procedures are amongst the common problems that Healthcare...
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...Usage of Applicable Mathematics in Biomedical Engineering (Macro and Micro Biomechanics) Biomedical engineering is an emerging discipline which links medicine, biology, and technology in order to tackle medical problems using an engineering approach. As such, it is heavily influenced by engineering principles and uses applicable mathematics in nearly all of its aspects. It is important to note that applied mathematics (vector algebra, calculus, numerical approaches to solving functions, etc.) is a language, which evolved to serve the needs of science and particularly those of classical (Newtonian) mechanics. Thus, it describes and explores natural phenomena using mathematical functions and relations. As biomedical engineering incorporates many engineering spheres, it employs applicable mathematics in numerous situations. The following is an overview of the applications of mathematics in solving macro-biomechanical, and micro and nano-scale challenges in biomedical engineering. Biomechanics is a field of biomedical engineering which analyses the behaviour of structures and materials in biological or medical applications [1]. It is closely related to the field of prosthetics and uses mathematical analysis to design and test better devices. Dynamic analysis of systems involves constructing free-body diagrams and resolving forces acting on the components. Using partial derivatives and integration can vastly simplify biomechanical problems by switching between the domains...
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...2. Data mining search parameters A data mining algorithm is a set of heuristics and calculations that creates a data mining model from data. To create a model, the algorithm first analyzes the data you provide, looking for specific types of patterns or trends. The algorithm uses the results of this analysis to define the optimal parameters for creating the mining model. These parameters are then applied across the entire data set to extract actionable patterns and detailed statistics. The mining model that an algorithm creates from your data can take various forms, including: * A set of clusters that describe how the cases in a dataset are related. * A decision tree that predicts an outcome, and describes how different criteria affect that outcome. * A mathematical model that forecasts sales. * A set of rules that describe how products are grouped together in a transaction, and the probabilities that products are purchased together. Microsoft SQL Server Analysis Services provides multiple algorithms for use in your data mining solutions. These algorithms are implementations of some of the most popular methodologies used in data mining. All of the Microsoft data mining algorithms can be customized and are fully programmable using the provided APIs, or by using the data mining components in SQL Server Integration Services. You can also use third-party algorithms that comply with the OLE DB for Data Mining specification, or develop custom algorithms that can be...
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...1668–1673. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.4005. Medical Cannabis Laws and Opioid Analgesic Overdose Mortality in the United States, 1999–2010 Author Manuscript Marcus A. Bachhuber, MD, Brendan Saloner, PhD, Chinazo O. Cunningham, MD, MS, and Colleen L. Barry, PhD, MPP Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Bachhuber); Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Bachhuber); Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Bachhuber, Saloner, Barry); Robert Wood Johnson Health and Society Scholars Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Saloner); Division of General Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (Cunningham); Department of Health Policy and Management, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Barry) Abstract Author Manuscript IMPORTANCE—Opioid analgesic overdose mortality continues to rise in the United States, driven by increases in prescribing for chronic pain. Because chronic pain is a major indication for medical cannabis, laws that establish access to medical cannabis may change overdose mortality related to opioid analgesics in states that have enacted them. OBJECTIVE—To determine the association between the presence of state medical cannabis laws and opioid analgesic overdose mortality...
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...inequities in health care access and outcomes – may well be good for the nation’s fiscal health, as well. This study, commissioned by the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies and carried out by leading researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland, provides important insight into how much of a financial burden racial disparities are putting on our health care system and society at large. The researchers examined the direct costs associated with the provision of care to a sicker and more disadvantaged population, as well as the indirect costs of health inequities such as lost productivity, lost wages, absenteeism, family leave, and premature death. What they found was striking. More than 30 percent of direct medical costs faced by African...
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...Work Related Project Analysis Part I Work-Related Project Analysis Part I Great Plains Regional Medical Center in North Platte, Nebraska during the time of this case study had 116 beds, offered a full service health system; provided care services for over 25 specialties, a referral center for eight critical care hospitals. Great Plains Regional Medical Center’s emergency department medical records was a paper system. They invested in an emergency department (ED) specific technology. This technology was needed to improve care management and continuity, clinician collaboration, and physician alignment (Anderson, 2011). This essay will overview the business system at the departmental level for Great Plains Regional Medical Center. Additionally, an overview of information gathering technique used and design method used. Finally, the impact of the project in terms of success will be discussed. Information Gathering Techniques Used Information gathering by analysts can involve watching people who will be using the system or interviewing people who will be using the system. Information can also be gathered by reviewing documents; either from planning, policies, or existing systems (Satzinger, Jackson, & Burd, 2009). Information gathering technique for this study was not specifically revealed. However, there was pertinent information gathered and noted. When patients transferred from the ED department to the inpatient unit, tertiary facility, or sent home...
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...research identifies two operating ratios donors commonly use to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of nonprofits (i.e., the program service ratio, defined as the fraction of total expenses committed to advancing the charitable mission of the organization, and the fundraising ratio, defined as the ratio of fundraising expenses to donations revenue). Nonprofit managers have an incentive to over-report the expenses classified as program services and under-report the expenses classified as administrative and fundraising in order to improve these ratios. We examine whether nonprofits respond to these incentives, and we find evidence consistent with opportunistic cost shifting to improve the program service and fundraising ratios. Additional analysis finds that smaller nonprofits that are more reliant on donations revenue manipulate their operating ratios to a greater extent. JEL classification: M4; L3 Key words: Nonprofit organizations, earnings management, disclosure, hospitals. ______________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author. Tel.: (319) 335-0841; fax (319) ; email: robert_yetman@uiowa.edu 1 We thank Ashiq Ali, Ramji Balakrishnan, Leslie Eldenburg, Lil Mills, Shiva Sivaramakrishnan, and workshop participants at the University of Arizona and Texas A&M University for their helpful comments. 1. Introduction This...
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...ISSUES, PROBLEM , COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT, TARGET MARKET, CONSUMER BEHAVIOR Define the Problem & Key issues MedNet is an award-winning site that provides trusted, evidence-based, consumer medical related information. As the competitive landscape evolves, MedNet is forced to develop a new strategy in order to keep doing business in the face of declining advertising revenues due to new competition such as Windham and Cholesterol.com. Thus it must decide how it will continue to generate revenue while addressing competitive challenges. Consumer Behavior MedNet has a loyal and engaged customer base that ensures a better value for ad money than other competitors. While MedNet’s customers are loyal and with a high return rate, the majority of them would view a shift to storing personal information and charging for services and medical information very negatively. Despite all three websites’ (MedNet, Cholesterol.com, Marvel) goals are to provide free pharmaceutical information to visitors in hopes of attracting as much advertising as possible, their business models are different, and are built around different consumer segments with different behaviors. Target Group MedNet’s current target group consists of consumers browsing for trustworthy and reliable medical information, predominantly about western medicine. MedNet could potentially target other groups, such as businesses and organizations, as will be explained in detail later. Competition A new group of niche...
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...What is human service and where did it come from? To answer this question correctly, one must grasp the understanding of the meaning of human services, how to understand clients, the service delivery models, and its history. This review and analysis paper will dig deep into the main aspects of human services and its history, to fully answer the question stated above. What is human service and where did it come from? According to the National Organization for Human Services (2014), human services is broadly defined, uniquely approaching the objective of meeting human needs through an interdisciplinary knowledge base, focusing on prevention as well as remediation of problems, and maintaining a commitment to improving the overall quality...
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...Health Care Models Analysis Deborah Fleming Grand Canyon University: HCA 515 July 11, 2014 Health Care Models Analysis There are many different health care models that have been proposed throughout the decades. Some models have been successful and many have failed. There are still a few that are being examined today. This paper will explain a hypothetical medical case that is often seen in hospitals. Four different models will demonstrate how this case and patient could benefit if this model was in play. Hypothetical Case: A 67 year old man presents to the ER with a chronic cough and shortness of breath. He denies sputum production from the cough, but admits to a 20-pound weight loss over the past four months. He has a 30-year pack history of smoking and worked in a shipyard for 25 years. His mother died from lung cancer and his father died of heart disease. His medical history includes hypertension and diabetes type 2. He has no history of surgeries or cancers. After studies were completed he was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Medical Model: The medical model will define health as the absence of illness rather then the presence of health. This model uses clinical diagnosis and medical interventions to treat disease and to try to prevent disease with education of medical processes (Shi and Singh 2012). In the patient presented above, the first step would be to obtain a chest x-ray and further tests to concluded the diagnosis of squamous cell...
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...pricing strategy based on Bouwman's model innefective. The PESTLE analysis points to several, sometimes concurring, threats from the outside. The SWOT analysis pointed to the need to redefine our mission as business. AA has gradually shifted from a clinical services company to a consultancy services company. Background information Anesthesia Associates Care (AA) operates in the Dutch medical sector, and it was first established in 2000 as an anesthesiology freelance practice in the city of Rotterdam. Although the author of this report works three to five days per week as a clinician, his function in AA also includes quality management and strategy. The Dutch medical sector where AA operates is highly intervened and regulated. The financing of hospitals and medical services is done by an oligopoly of insurance companies. The government, under advice from the insurers, imposes capped hourly wages for anesthesia services. Non-compliance with the price limitation is a criminal offence. Between 2002 and 2007 the demand for anesthesia locum tenens was so high that AA expanded to eighteen anesthesiologists and nine nurse anesthetists, while it expanded from Rotterdam to all corners of the Netherlands. Today, our client portfolio includes sixty-one Dutch university, tertiary, secondary and primary level hospitals. AA enjoyed a monopoly from 2000 till 2006. While the author of this report still viewed the company as a medical group, by 2006 he came to realize...
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...resources to health care in Maryland State Correctional Institutions has become a major focus for management. There is a huge lack of services and resources especially in the pretrial division of Maryland State Correctional Institutions. The concern is not just inmate or patient satisfaction but a concern for the safety and health of those responsible for detaining these inmates. This paper will examine the need in Maryland State Correctional Institutions for a change in inmate access to healthcare and healthcare resources especially in the pretrial division. It will also identify factors that will influence changing inmate access to healthcare and summarize those factors that can prepare the organization to this change. A theoretical model that is relative to changing inmate access to healthcare and resources will be identified as well as internal and external resources to assist the change will be explained. Need for changing inmate access to health care in a Pretrial division Currently in the State of Maryland individuals in the control and custody of the Department of Corrections receive health care services through the “Office of Treatment Services” (DPSCS.org, 2013)....
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