...Cancer refers to a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of cells in some parts of the body. Such cells reproduce uncontrollably leading to the development of tumors that can infect other body parts in a process known as metastasis. It is urgent to note that some tumors are not dangerous. Thus, it is important for medical doctors to diagnose tumors with highest accuracy to avoid potential confusion. Cancer can occur in more than two hundred forms (Schmidt & Popham, 1981). Each cancer is diagnosed then treated differently. The cost of treating cancer is high. Therefore, is a need to invest more on the prevention of cancer to avoid the high cost of treatment (Cooper, 1993). Many researchers and doctors describe cancer as a lifestyle...
Words: 1012 - Pages: 5
...Company Information The Melanoma Research Foundation (MRF), was founded in 1996 by Diana Ashby. During a personal three year battle against melanoma, Diana had lost several friends to the disease, and became frustrated that there were no effective treatments being developed. Diana began researching for alternative therapies, and discovered that promising therapies were often halted due to lack of funding. She then founded MRF to raise money for research, but sadly, lost her light to the disease eight months later (MRF, 2015). In 2009, I became familiar with the MRF, following my personal battle with melanoma. The organization at that time was located in Hillsborough, NJ, and has since moved to Washington, D.C., as a strategy to strengthen their influence in legislation and finding for new treatments and therapies. Since then, the organization has spearheaded initiatives to accelerate drug therapies, established themselves as leaders in ocular melanoma awareness and research...
Words: 1520 - Pages: 7
...xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx English 101 25 March 2011 Student/Teacher Memo 1. What was your purpose? What effect were you trying to achieve? My purpose was to write about tanning as a cause of the skin cancer, and about skin cancer as a consequence of tanning. 2. What was interesting about the process you went through in writing this paper, and what did you learn from it? It was very interesting to research about skin cancer, as I am particularly interested on the subject. I also did not know tanning or any ultraviolet radiation exposure can have such serious consequences. 3. What was the most difficult aspect about this paper, and what did you learn from the attempt? It was difficult to give it a clear structure on cause/effect, although the subject clearly illustrates this structure. 4. What do you see as the strengths of the paper, and what would you try to do if you were to revise it some more? The strength of the paper is the very reliable sources. 5. What’s not a part of your paper that you think might help a reader understand or appreciate it more? What didn’t you put in? I did not further develop on skin cancer, how it presents and develops. 6. What kind of grammar or formatting feedback would you like from your instructor? I would appreciate full feedback on both. 7. When using the APUS Online Library article databases, did you evaluate the credibility of the sources you chose? Yes. 8. Are your memo and essay in correct MLA format? Yes. 9. Did you save...
Words: 2318 - Pages: 10
...What is the cause of skin cancer? Stresses such as tobacco and radiation can cause cancer by damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cells. DNA is the source of life which is stored inside the nucleus of every cell that makes up a living organism. To be able to fit inside a 10-micrometer average size cell, 10-meter long DNA has to be packed into a complex structure which is known as chromatin. Nucleosome is DNA wrapping around histone octamers and chromatin is form when nucleosomes in a nucleus compact together (Yu et al. 2011). At the chromatin level, it compacts to protect DNA from stresses after a short period of time (Interview with Dr. Michael Bergel 2015; unreferenced, see “Acknowledgements”). DNA fails to repair or kill itself (apoptosis) after being damaged which will causes DNA mutation. DNA mutation in a certain gene can make cells grow “out of control”. In human cells, the process of repairing DNA damage which occurs within chromatin is called Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER). Increasing age will decrease DNA ability to repair itself; this explains why a majority of cancer patients appear to be older adults. Ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation) is the main cause of skin cancer. Chromatin in skin cells after UV irradiation are found to...
Words: 1753 - Pages: 8
...Current research efforts- potential future develoments are being researched Because the overall incidence of skin cancer rates continue to increase, scientist continue to look for potential future developments for the risk management of cancer related to tanning and sunbathing. Researchers are currently looking for ways to decrease skin cancer rates and discover new prevention methods. Such areas include drugs, genetics, melanoma treatments, and potential vaccines.13, 14 Current research suggest that exposure to ultraviolet radiation as a young age are more likely to develop malignant melanoma.16 Based on the analysis of much data, individuals exposed to ultraviolet radiation at a young age are more likely to develop skin cancer.16 The...
Words: 2008 - Pages: 9
...Trevor Johnson Professor Culbert Composition I 8 April 2016 Research Paper: Indoor Tanning Bed For the past twenty years, it has become very apparent that indoor tanning beds damages skin. Based on scientific research tanning can also lead to blinding eye diseases and have many other negative effects. The prolonged use of indoor tanning facilities has resulted in serious chronic conditions for the users. “The indoor tanning business has been one of the fastest growing industries in the United States, with $5 billion in estimated annual revenue (Woo, Eide par. 3).” When driving through any community or city you will almost always see a sign or window, maybe even more than one, which says “Tanning” thus making it very accessible for many women or men of any age. The reason behind this growth? Around twenty to forty percent of white females 18 years old to 25 use indoor tanning facilities (Rabbitt p. 2). Many high schoolers have picked up on this wave of increase by tanning for things such as prom, summer and even just to fit in with the social norms. “One fifth of girls in grades 9 through 12 have bathed in ultraviolet rays from a tanning device within the past year…(Ban the Tan par. 2).” Reports show that many women say tanning is addicting because of the “desire to achieve an attractive look and trim, and for warmth, light, and relaxation (Woo, Eide p. 63).” Also ladies believe that tanning beds will you give you the vitamin C needed for the day, while tanning will...
Words: 1470 - Pages: 6
...Proceedings of the International Conference on Non-Ionizing Radiation at UNITEN (ICNIR 2003) Electromagnetic Fields and Our Health 20th – October 2003 22nd Recent Research on Mobile Phones Effects Dr. Abdullah AlOrainy Inst. of Electronics Research, KACST P. O. Box: 230471, Riyadh 11321, Saudi Arabia E-mail: alorainy@kacst.edu.sa ABSTRACT The use of mobile phones always accompanied by the issue of health implications for human. Previous research studies show no evidence of the impacts of mobile phones to human health. New studies suggest that mobile radiation might double the risk of developing cancer on the side of the head used, increase brain activity, can cause damage to nerves around ears and, more importantly, damages the BBB. Also new research shows that biological effects are possible without any warming of tissues which impose of the current radiation exposure levels. KEYWORDS Mobile Radiation, Health Effects INTRODUCTION There are now about 1 Billion mobile phones in use worldwide, and it is expected to reach 1.6B lines by year 2005. In many countries, penetration rates of more than %50 has been reached. At present, there are approximately 4.5 million GSM subscribers in Saudi Arabia and STC has commissioned Ericsson and Nokia to expand its GSM network to 5.5 million lines (~ %20 penetration rate). This wide use of mobile technology have often raise the question about if there are health implications for human. In fact, there are conflicting reports relating to possible...
Words: 2922 - Pages: 12
...Case report Cultural differences in truth-telling to cancer patients: Chinese and American approaches to the disclosure of ‘bad news’ Dong Xue1, Jane L Wheeler 2, Amy P Abernethy 2 Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing, PR China, 2Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA A central challenge of the palliative care clinician, and of the oncologist who sees patients with advance disease, is that of ‘breaking bad news’. As this conversation requires that the clinician divulge extremely sensitive and personal information, and usually incurs an emotional response from the patient, truth-telling to advanced cancer patients is not only a challenging task but also one likely to be handled differently in cultures according to differing norms for interpersonal behavior and communication. China and the United States, with their deepset communitarian vs. individualistic ethics, respectively, typify divergent cultures. This paper discusses cross-cultural differences in norms of truth-telling to cancer patients, that is, the extent to which physicians inform patients themselves of their disease status when prognosis is poor; China and the US are used to illustrating potential differences in approach and consequent...
Words: 5891 - Pages: 24
...years after president Nixon waged war against cancer, we have reached the era of targeted chemotherapy. Imatinib, the miracle drug now cures CML by inhibiting tyrosine kinase specifically and has increased five year survival from 30% to 89%. Are we at the verge of winning the war? Lets count the number of bodies this cancer has claimed in the battlefield. According to WHO it is the leading cause of mortality worldwide with 8.2 million cancer deaths(1). 1 in 2 men and 1 in 3 women will be diagnosed with cancer in their life time and the number of new cases is projected to increase by 70% in the next two decades. More people have been killed by cancer than in all wars fought by mankind put together. Clearly we...
Words: 1474 - Pages: 6
...Breast Cancer Tonia Maraden CM220-51 November 23, 2012 Breast Cancer Debra Wheeler is a wonderful person and a personal friend that works with me at my part time job. She is the Executive Assistant to the CEO. In January of last year, Debra Wheeler was diagnosed with Stage 2 breast cancer. She ended up having to have single mastectomy since the cancer was only in one of her breast. She then later had to have the breast the removed and reconstructed. The way they did it was take the skin and soft tissues from the belly and use it to reconstruct her new breast. Debra’s healthy body and her positive spirit helped her to beat the cancer, now she has been cancer free for a year. She is a very strong willed person and that is why I believe is the reason that she is still here today others have not been so lucky or gave up the fight too early. With this in mind, Debra has discovered along with many breast cancer survivors that the oral contraceptives for many years were a possible cause to the reason they were diagnosed with cancer. There are more than one reason has to why we should support breast cancer. Breast cancer is something that will or has affected us all in one way or another. I. Here are some statics on breast cancer: A. A woman is diagnosed with Breast Cancer every 2.5 Minutes. 1. Worldwide, breast cancer...
Words: 2227 - Pages: 9
...State Health Services Chapter 91. Cancer Subchapter A. Cancer Registry Effective Date: August 14, 2011 §91.1. Purpose. This subchapter implements the Texas Cancer Incidence Reporting Act, Health and Safety Code, Chapter 82. This legislation concerns the reporting of cases of cancer for the recognition, prevention, cure or control of those diseases, and to facilitate participation in the national program of cancer registries established by 42 United States Code, §§280e - 280e-4. Nothing in this subchapter shall preempt the authority of facilities or individuals providing diagnostic or treatment services to patients with cancer to maintain their own cancer registries. §91.2. Definitions. The following words and terms, when used in this subchapter, shall have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. (1) Act--The Texas Cancer Incidence Reporting Act, Texas Health and Safety Code, Chapter 82. (2) Branch--Cancer Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch of the department. (3) Cancer--Includes a large group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells; any condition of tumors having the properties of anaplasia, invasion, and metastasis; a cellular tumor the natural course of which is fatal, including intracranial and central nervous system malignant, borderline, and benign tumors as required by the national program of cancer registries; and malignant neoplasm, other than non-melanoma skin cancers such as basal and squamous cell...
Words: 3019 - Pages: 13
...Home Health Patient Tracking Sheet Gregg Moore Western Governors University Home Health Patient Tracking Sheet Field Name | Field Type(OASIS-C Data, n.d.) | Field Size(OASIS-C Data, n.d.) | Definition(OASIS-C Data, n.d.) | Allowable Values/ Edits(OASIS-C Data, n.d.) | CMS Certification # | Number | 6 | Specifies the agency’s Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) certification number (CCN/Medicare provider number). | | If the HHA has a CMS Certification number, it must be entered in this field. Otherwise enter spaces. | Branch State | Text | 2 | Specifies the State where the agency branch office is located. | | Branch ID # | Text | 10 | Specifies the branch identification code, as assigned by CMS. The identifier consists of 10 digits – the State code as the first two digits, followed by Q (upper case), followed by the last four digits of the current Medicare provider number, ending with the three-digit CMS-assigned branch number. | If the assessment was performed by an HHA which has no branches or by a subunit which has no branches, then M0016_BRANCH_ID must contain the following: "N " (N followed by 9 spaces). This indicates that the assessment was completed by an HHA or subunit which has no branches. | National Provider Identifier | Number | 10 | Identifies the physician who will sign the Plan of Care | Leave blank (spaces) if a referring physician National Provider ID (NPI) is not applicable. | Patient ID # | Number | 20 | Specifies...
Words: 1593 - Pages: 7
...Drug Information Paper: Levodopa/Carbidopa: Sinemet Kristin Curcione Daemen College This drug information report will explore in detail the medication Levodopa. Levodopa is the most effective drug for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Levodopa works when it is absorbed in the blood from the small intestine and travels through blood to the brain where it is converted to dopamine (Parkkinen, O'Sullivan, Kuoppamäki, et al., 2011). It is intended for the purpose of treating chronic neurodegenerative diseases. It is primarily used in neurology practice for patients who are experiencing idiopathic Lewy body degenerative disease of the central nervous system. This paper will also discuss use of Carbidopa as it is used...
Words: 2618 - Pages: 11
...Primary glioblastoma is the most commonly diagnosed among the two, and is often found in patients who are older. They tend to form more quickly and usually occurs from other lower-grade tumors, known as oligodendrogliomas (American Association of Neurological Surgeons). Secondary glioblastoma affects younger people and, despite not growing as quickly as primary glioblastoma, it is still a pretty aggressive tumor (American Brain Tumor Association). Due to how rapidly the cell growth is and how cancerous this brain tumor is, patients on average are given 3 months to 18 months to live (Moore and Kim). Despite technological advancements and improved research, the probability that a patient lives beyond one year after initial diagnosis is less than 20% (Ray-Chaudhury), which has led many scientists to find alternative methods to the...
Words: 1961 - Pages: 8
...Introduction The aim of this paper is to discuss the role of the law and science in moving us towards a more sustainable future. This will be done with the aid of selected global environmental treaties. In order to achieve this aim, the paper is going to begin with an introduction which is going to define key concepts identified. The main body will embark on the discussion at hand. The main body will begin by outlining the role of the law generally and will move on to look at the role of science generally. Thereon selected global treaties will be discussed in relation to their respective roles both at law and science. Lastly but not the least an elaborate conclusion will be given. Definition of Key Terms Environment: Environment refers to the totality of the surroundings within which humans live and exploit resources for their welfare and development. Main Body In order to effectively challenge problems that pose a threat to the earth, there is need for an effective approach which is backed by robust scientific evidence. This would ultimately usher into place a new and more powerful environmental law. In order to appreciate the relationship between the law and science, there is need for understanding of their respective roles towards the achievement of a more sustainable future. The Role of the Law The law has a fundamental role to play in the movement of protecting the environment towards a more sustainable future. In most jurisdictions in the absence of constitutional...
Words: 3209 - Pages: 13
