...Case Study #1 Discussion Questions 1. Both Australia and Singapore are common law countries. Singatron and Semicontronics conclude their first round of negotiations with a Letter of Intent (LOI). If the deal falls through, will either party be bound to their commitments as detailed in the LOI? What can the parties do to limit the obligations to the terms of the LOI? Although LOI's may resemble a contract, they are not entirely binding. If the deal falls through neither party should be bound to any commitment outlined in the LOI unless there are provisions in the LOI like a non-disclosure agreement that is specified to be binding regardless of the status of the deal. To limit the obligations to the terms of the LOI a provision should be specified in the LOI that if the deal does fall through, what each side would like to happen - this can in turn protect both parties and avoid a legal confrontation later on. List ten areas of consideration Semicontronics should include in their contract to have Singatron manufacture computer chips. 1. Areas of consideration that Semicontronics should include in their contract should include: Does Singatron have the capabilities to manufacture the computer chips? 2. Will they meet these capabilities in good time? 3. How will they be delivered? 4. Will Singatron being new complicate the price per unit? 5. What does top quality mean? 6. Will Singatron provide a sample to be tested before mass production? 7. Is the...
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...LEGAL WRITING Prof. Gajić FINAL EXAM 1. Who can an attorney ask to prepare a brief? _________________________________ 2. Briefs should not be longer than one to two pages long and should be easy to read so that the reader does not have to spend much time understanding the reasoning of the case. T F 3. What are the two most important parts within the heading of internal legal memorandum? 4. The memo should begin with a statement of the issue, which is the legal question that the memorandum addresses. T F 5. The largest portion of the memo is the ______________ section. 6. The last section of the memorandum is the _________________, in which a brief summary of the memorandum is offered. 7. Name a few factors to consider when designing a law office space. What should be considered and offered to clients? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 8. Successful interviews require the right __________________ and _____________. 9. Describe a situation in which you are meeting with a client for the first time, how would you behave, approach him/her, guide the interview. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________...
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...NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 BUSINESS STUDIES FEBRUARY/MARCH 2013 MEMORANDUM MARKS: 300 This memorandum consists of 28 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over Business Studies 2 NSC – Memorandum DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NOTES TO MARKERS 1. For marking and moderation purposes, the following colours are recommended: Marker: Senior Marker: Deputy Chief and Chief Marker: Internal Moderator: 2. Red Green Black/Brown/Pink Orange The numbering of Assessment Standards is in accordance with the principle of progression from Grades 10 to 12, e.g. the first Assessment Standard is 12.1.2. Candidates' responses must be in full sentences for SECTIONS B and C. This would depend on the nature of the question. A comprehensive memorandum has been provided but this is by no means exhaustive. Due consideration should be given to an answer that is correct but: • • • • uses a different expression from that which appears in the memorandum. comes from another source. is correct and original. relates to another applicable LO or AS. 3. 4. NOTE: There are no alternative answers for SECTION A. 5. Take due note of other relevant answers provided by candidates and allocate marks accordingly. (In cases where the answer is unclear or indicates some understanding, part-marks should be allocated, for example, one mark instead of the maximum of two marks.) The word 'sub-max' is used to facilitate the allocation of marks within a question or subquestion. The purpose of circling marks (guided by...
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...Приложение № 1 Шаблон титульного листа учебной программы УТВЕРЖДЕНО | Руководитель академического департамента | права | Бреский О.В. | Протокол № 37L-2 от 2016.02.01 | СОГЛАСОВАНО | Руководитель учебно-методического комитета Сената | Пупцев А.Е. | Дата: 2016.02.16 | УЧЕБНАЯ ПРОГРАММА Дисциплина: | Юридическая терминология | | | Преподаватель (ФИО): | Садовская Екатерина Юрьевна | Должность: | доцент | Ученая степень: | Кандидат филологических наук | E-mail: | jekaterina.sadovska@ehu.lt | Ступень обучения: | Непрерывная | Формы обучения: | постоянная и продолжающаяся (смешанная форма обучения) | Программа: | Международное право | Язык преподавания: | английский | Кредиты ECTS: | 2 | Всего часов: | 54 | из них:постоянная форма обучения | Аудиторные занятия | | | | | Лекции | 12 | | | | Семинары, | | | Самостоятельная работа студента | 30 | практические занятия | 8 | | | | | | | из них:продолжающаяся форма обучения | Аудиторные занятия | | | Онлайн занятия | | Лекции | 2 | | | | Семинары, | | | Самостоятельная работа студента | 50 | практические занятия | 2 | | | | Приложение № 2 Шаблон тематического плана учебной программы для бакалаврских программ смешанной формы обучения Тематический план № | Название темы курса или занятия | Постоянная форма | Продолжающаяся форма | | | Кол-во часов | Кол-во учеб. недель | Кол-во часов | | | Лекции | Семинары, практ-кие...
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...Riodan Manufacturing: Memorandum Analysis After reviewing the Riodan Manufacturing Memorandum pertaining to the China Relocation the overall assessment is that it was informative to the recipients but needs more clarity and the right detailed information, perhaps attachments as well. How I reacted to the memo: The document seems organized and flows with the intent of the message until you get to the bullets. The information seems to break down here. I see no reason why there are bullets, these could be more logically, short one liners, or be paragraphs and some of the information doesn’t seem to be needed, as it may be too vague and confusing for the recipients. The information in the bullets could well be left out of this document or at least revised; I’m uncertain whether they truly add value. Visual attachments might have aided in the understanding of the changes as well, the use of kilometers should also include miles, in case some recipients are not knowledgeable on the metric system. The memorandum also speaks to significant cost savings and increased production volumes, yet there are no statistics included, so how do the recipients comprehend this? The closing paragraph speaks to each recipient drafting a strategic plan immediately, yet the move is planned sometime within the next five years, with no set expectation of an actual timeframe for the recipients. Also, there is no set time for the delivery of the strategic plans and to whom. The document lacks...
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...Abstract This paper is intended to explain a joint venture referred to as the convergence project, between the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) (FASB, 2002). This paper will also provide a brief history of the relationships between the two boards, and the equivalents between IASB and FASB. Along with an explanation of how the Master of Science in Accountancy Program helps prepare students for a professional life, within the accounting vocation. Accounting Standards Boards Within each country, there are different types of governments who follow different sets of regulations and require different accounting standards. With the current growth of global commerce, companies conducting business abroad require more consideration in there accounting, versus a business who only conducts commerce in one country. Many countries do not have the same level of regulation boards as the United States, who follows the standard set of principles by FASB, because of the accounting reporting differences, it is extremely important for any global organization to use IASB for best financial practices on a global scale. However with such a high-demand for global commerce, following different sets and types of accounting regulations has caused confusion and has become cumbersome to the stakeholders involved in international commerce (FASB, 2003). National Regulatory Boards Local and state laws, plus a host of regulatory commissions...
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...NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 ENGLISH HOME LANGUAGE P1 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2010 MEMORANDUM MARKS: 70 This memorandum consists of 8 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over English Home Language/P1 2 NSC – Memorandum DoE/Feb. – March 2010 INSTRUCTIONS FOR MARKERS 1. 2. 3. This marking memorandum is intended as a guide for markers. It is by no means prescriptive, exhaustive or complete. The chief marker will discuss the memorandum with the markers before the commencement of marking at the marking centre. Candidates’ responses should be considered on merit. Whenever appropriate, marks should be awarded on a holistic basis. 4. 5. Marking the comprehension: Incorrect spelling in one-word answers should be marked wrong. Incorrect spelling and language errors in longer responses should not be penalised because the focus is on understanding. For open-ended questions, no marks should be awarded for YES/NO or I AGREE/I DISAGREE. The reason/ substantiation/motivation is what should be considered. For TRUE/FALSE or FACT/OPINION questions, the mark should be split, i.e. award 1 mark for TRUE/FALSE or FACT/OPINION and a mark for the reason/substantiation/ motivation/quotation. For questions which require quotations from the text, do not penalise candidates for omitting the quotation marks. When one-word answers are required and the candidate gives a whole sentence, mark correct provided that the correct word is underlined/highlighted. When two/three...
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...Technical reports are often prepared for sponsors of research projects. Another case where a technical report may be produced is when more information is produced for an academic paper than is acceptable or feasible to publish in a peer-reviewed publication; examples of this include in-depth experimental details, additional results, or the architecture of a computer model. Researchers may also publish work in early form as a technical report to establish novelty, without having to wait for the often long production schedules of academic journals. Technical reports are considered "non-archival" publications, and so are free to be published elsewhere in peer-reviewed venues with or without modification. A memorandum (abbrev.: memo) was from the Latin verbal phrase memorandum est,...
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...INTERNAL CONTROL - NOTES 1 1. Definition of Internal Control Internal Control is a process designed by management of an entity to provide reasonable assurance that an entity achieves its objectives in the following categories: • • • Reliability of financial reporting Effectiveness and efficiency of operations, Compliance with applicable laws and regulations. 2. Major components 1. Control Environment – factors that set the tone of an organization and influences the consciousness of its people. There are seven factors (ICHAMBO). I – Integrity and ethical values C – Commitment to competence H – Human resource policies and practices A – Assignment of authority and responsibility M – Management’s philosophy and operating style B – Board of Trustees’ or audit committee participation O – Organizational structure 2. Risk Assessment – risks that may affect an entity’s ability to properly record, process, summarize and report financial data due to: Changes in the operating environment (e.g., increased competition) New personnel New Information systems Rapid growth New technology New lines, products, or activities Corporate restructuring Foreign operations Accounting pronouncements 3. Control Activities – various policies and procedures that help ensure that necessary actions are taken to address risks affecting the achievement of an entity’s objectives. (PIPS): P – Performance reviews (reviews of actual against budgets, forecasts) I – Information processing (checks for accuracy,...
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...Barriers to Effective Communication Paper By: Josiah Wilkerson CJA/304 09/19/2011 Kevin Gjertsen Barriers to Effective Communication Paper Within this paper, I will describe the process of communication and its components. I will also discuss the differences between listening and hearing during communication, following the discussion of the differences, I will briefly go into detail about the formal and informal channels of communication in criminal justice organization. The next thing that will be included into this paper is the description of the different barriers to effective communication. The final thing that will conclude this paper are strategies that may be implemented to overcome communication barriers. What is communication? Communication can have many different meanings, but it is a process involving several steps, among two or more persons, for the primary purpose of exchanging information (Wallace and Roberson, 2009). Communication takes place when two minds begin to interact in conversation in both verbal and nonverbal conversations. With communication come the components that are involved, these are the basic backbone to communication; idea and getting a point across by using proper communication skills. When the skills are used in the proper manner both written and oral communication begins to fall into place naturally. To get the point across to a person that is going to be involved in the conversation the information must pass through various forms...
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...Effective Communication Tomas Gonzalez CJA/304 February 19, 2013 Oscar Ruiz Effective Communication Effective communication is vital in a law enforcement setting. Without effective communication important information cannot be properly disseminated. Without the proper communication skills, especially in written communication, every piece of information will be passed along to where it needs to go in full detail. It is important to have a complete understanding of the process of verbal and nonverbal communication and the associated components of each. Discerning the difference between listening and hearing in communication is also vital for effective communication. In is important to know the formal and informal channels of communication in any criminal justice organization. Even with knowing the proper communication skills there is still room for improvements and strategies that can be implemented to overcome communication barriers within criminal justice organizations. Verbal and Nonverbal Process of Communication Communication is a process of events that take place in order for information to get from one person to another. In verbal communication the information is shared through speaking. Speaking alone is not the only skill one must possess in order to effectively communicate. Knowing how to properly speak so that all necessary information is verbally passed from one person to another is a skill that takes time to learn and even more time to master. There are...
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...visual cues. The kind of communication in the healthcare field is aimed at all types of healthcare workers. Effective verbal skills are important to a patient acknowledging that you as an employee with health care background are interested in finding an answer to their problem. Some people are more inclined to open themselves up to you if you demonstrate your verbal/listening skills to them. These people will feel at ease to give you the information that you desire if they are comfortable with you and you have acknowledge that you too as a healthcare worker can listen to their issues. Written communication is effective as well as it get the message to the sender in a form of email, memo, reports, and text messaging. Email and memorandums have been proven to be effective as supervisors and managers can...
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... CHAPTER-1&2 CHAPTER-1&2 12.What are the effects of the memorandum and the article after they are registered THE LEGAL EFFECTS OF THE MEMORANDUM The Contractual Powers of a Company A Company or a Corporation is an artificial person created by law. It is a legal person capable of suing and of being sued. But the contractual powers of a company are limited in two ways : (i) natural possibility and (ii) legal possibility. (i) Natural Possibility The fact that a company is an artificial person leads to the result that a company must always enter into contract through agents, (ii) Legal Possibility A joint stock company cannot enter into any contract the object of which goes beyond the memorandum of association of the company. A statutory corporation cannot enter into any contract which is beyond the scope of its powers as laid down in the statute by which it was created Forms of Contracts and Deeds of a Company The Doctrine of Ultra Vires The Memorandum of Association determines the constitution and the powers of ‘the Company. It was observed by Lord Selbourne that the memorandum is the Company’s “fundamental and unalterable law”. ‘A Company is incorporated only for the objects and purposes expressed in the memorandum. Any act purported to be done by the Company which is beyond the scope of the functions of the Company as laid down in the memorandum is ultra vires i.e., beyond the powers of the Company, and of no effect. In Ashbury Railway...
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...The tone of the first draft expressed the writers emotions too harshly. It was written as a reaction without empathy. The writer realized his harsh tone as he revised his memorandum, and his hostility subsided. He was then able to remove wordiness by taking away his emotional bias and assumptions. "Accordingly, anyone in the future who is unable to control himself will have his employment terminated.” This term is eliminated and was revised to state the solution for the “pay as you go” plan for the copier. Sam’s decision to revise the entire sentence appears to be the best course as he reassess the tone of his message. The tone of the original sentence could have remained, but the sentence would still need revision to be more direct and concise....
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...Today’s communication methods are various and sometimes complex. Everything from paper and pens to computer communication systems, modern communication has come a long way since our parents’ days. We can take our phones with us and keep up on current events like the recent earthquake in Japan, or check our electronic mail, talk to someone from around the world, and even get information on ourselves. In the communication era we are so connected to the rest of society that we almost never stop communicating to someone. Healthcare uses a lot of different communication channels. We have focused on verbal vs. non-verbal, EMR and e-mail. Verbal communication is a major factor in an office setting, weather it is in the health care industry or any other office setting. Before a health care worker performs any medical procedure or care task with a patient, it's important they use verbal communication to inform the patient. This allows the patient to know what to expect. Verbal communication can also be used by the patient to inform the health care worker how they are feeling, what concerns they have and any other questions the patient may have. Non-verbal communication in the health care setting comes from eyes, hands and other parts of the body. Providing eye contact, not crossing the arms and leaning in when talking to a patient are non-verbal ways to communicate you care. Non-verbal communication is usually understood as the process of sending and receiving wordless message....
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