...beliefs can lead to disastrous things. While the film, The Crucible by Arthur Miller, depicts the overall history of the Salem Witch Trials, it does have historical inaccuracies within the characters and their relationships that change the way we perceive history. Witchcraft has been present since the Paleolithic period but it began to show up in colonial America in the middle of the 17th century. It became a capital offense as far back as 1642. Shortly after becoming a law, the first execution was made in Connecticut. This case was disturbing because it influenced everyone, in puritan societies, to believe that Satan was close at hand and physically able to act in the real world.. At the time, Salem was a Puritan community in which was built upon those who fled religious execution therefore the religious authority and the government was not separate. Those who would question local authority were blamed for questioning royal authority. Eventually the hysteria spread to Massachusetts in 1692 after two young girls had been acting in alarming and been in physical pain. The physician concluded that the girls were not victims of a physical or mental illness but victims of witchcraft.2. These two girls were Abigail Williams and Betty Parris. Abigail Williams, who was 11 years of age, had a...
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...Conflict in Arthur Miller’s ‘The Crucible’ Set in Salem, Massachusetts, Arthur Miller’s ‘The Crucible’ was written in 1952, the play which successfully portrays the witch trials in 1962 as an allegory for the prosecution of communists. The play contains many conflicts set to tear apart or destroy the small community of Salem, and to cause havoc with neighboring towns. Arthur Miller gives the reader a chance to experience the dangers of hysteria in a community through the conflicts experienced by his characters in a puritan society. Conflict is a strong disagreement between people or groups that often leads to strong arguments. Various elements of the plot are woven together in such a way that we are often left on a mini cliff-hanger, wondering what will happen next, which creates tension. Writer’s craft is the writer’s use of techniques to create an effect on the reader. The opening of the play immediately grips the audience. Betty Parris is lying motionless on a bed, Reverend Parris is kneeling next to her praying, but he conveys no sense of religious calm and faith. He is weeping and desperate. He cries out “Oh my God! God help me!” and he is very disturbed. When Tituba the household slave, enters Parris is in a state of “fury” and yells “Out of here! Out of my sight!” then is “overcome with sobs”. Miller is careful to specify in the stage directions just how the actor should deliver the lines and what type of emotions the character is holding. The opening is powerful...
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...The Crucible and Mass Hysteria Mass hysteria has been displayed many times throughout history. From The Dancing plague of the 1500’s to the more modern LeRoy High School tourette incident of 2012, mass hysteria is rare but perplexing when it is seen. Though it is fairly easy to find differences between mass hysteria and other problems in modern times, it is harder to distinguish older supposed cases of mass hysteria due to their limited evidence and the legends which have become a part of the story. This is displayed greatly in the events of the Salem witch trial. It is very hard to distinguish if the events of the trials were caused by mass hysteria or some other catalyst which caused the destruction of so many lives. Even so it is safe to say that is is very unlikely that this tragedy was caused by mass hysteria, rather some other illness. Before a claim is made there must be a...
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...some terrible night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you... I have seen some reddish work done at night, and I can make you wish you had never seen the sun go down!”. Abigail is set up to be the Communist in this play, and the girls America. This is not as if America was scared of Russia, but was scared at the prospect of Communism spreading and oozing its way onto American soil. Not only does the author want the audience to infer this, but uses the word “reddish”, which is the color solely associated with Communism. Arthur Miller uses this quote to reference the late 1950s, but continues throughout the play to try and influence the mindset of the individual. Another line of utmost importance is read on page 71 of The Crucible, when Reverend...
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...members of the family. Intimacy: connect with others; social convoy-family, friends, strangers who move through life with a person. Protective layer of social relation. Affects relationships with siblings and spouses. Integration of death and the acceptance of death. Maslow- top to bottom: 5.Self Actualization: need to live into someone’s full potential. Aesthetic, creative, and spiritual understanding. 4. Esteem: achievement, competence, respect from others. 3. Love and belonging: need to be loved, belong and acceptance. 2. Safety: Feel safe/secure.1. Physiological: need food, drink, shelter. Mid Life Crisis: 35-50yrs. Mostly men. Reflect back and evaluate life. Radical self-examination and transformation. Levinson study. The age 40 crucible-Gail Sheehy 1976. Characteristics of Personality: (O.C.E.A.N): “The Big Five” Openness- imaginative, artistic, open to new experiences. Closed- higher IQ and verbal fluidity. Consciousness- organized, self-disciplined. Careless- higher rate of college education. Extroversion- outgoing, active, assertive. Higher verbal fluency- more likely to marry. Agreeableness- kind, helpful, generous. Hard to please. Neuroticism- (placid) anxious, moody, self-punishing-more likely to divorce. Ecological Niche:...
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...How would you define child’s play? Is it the act of a child’s freedom, is it separate and independent enjoyment, or is it freely chosen depending on the situation. According to Brown (2009), he defines play as “…play is a very primal activity. It is preconscious and preverbal…” (p.16). However, according to Caplan & Caplan, they define play as “a voluntary activity which permits freedom of action, diversion from routines, and an imaginary world to master”. The concepts that are being touched on between the two authors Play by Stuart Brown and The Power of Play by Caplan & Caplan are fine motor skills, gross motor skills, and negotiation. First, what are the basic definitions of these three concepts? According to Dictionary.com, negotiation is defined as, “mutual discussion and arrangement of the terms of a transaction or agreement”, Encyclopedia of Children’s Health defines fine and gross motor skills as “gross motor skills are the abilities required in order to control the large muscles of the body for walking, running, sitting, crawling, and other activities”, “fine motor skills generally refer to the small movements of the hands, wrists, fingers, feet, toes, lips, and tongue” (2009). Combined with fine and gross motor skills physical development/activity is and outcome of these concepts. In other words both of these concepts have something to do with being active. Therefore, what are the concepts that Brown and Caplan & Caplan are giving towards physical and personality...
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...3673 THE ‘UNCANNY’ (1919) Freud - Complete Works. Ivan Smith 2000. All Rights Reserved. 3675 THE ‘UNCANNY’ I It is only rarely that a psycho-analyst feels impelled to investigate the subject of aesthetics, even when aesthetics is understood to mean not merely the theory of beauty but the theory of the qualities of feeling. He works in other strata of mental life and has little to do with the subdued emotional impulses which, inhibited in their aims and dependent on a host of concurrent factors, usually furnish the material for the study of aesthetics. But it does occasionally happen that he has to interest himself in some particular province of that subject; and this province usually proves to be a rather remote one, and one which has been neglected in the specialist literature of aesthetics. The subject of the ‘uncanny’ is a province of this kind. It is undoubtedly related to what is frightening - to what arouses dread and horror; equally certainly, too, the word is not always used in a clearly definable sense, so that it tends to coincide with what excites fear in general. Yet we may expect that a special core of feeling is present which justifies the use of a special conceptual term. One is curious to know what this common core is which allows us to distinguish as ‘uncanny’ certain things which lie within the field of what is frightening. As good as nothing is to be found upon this subject in comprehensive treatises on aesthetics, which in general prefer to concern...
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...Head Office 30 Grosvenor Street, Neutral Bay, NSW 2089 Ph: 02 9904 5600 Fax: 02 9904 5611 Coming to grips with family systems theory in a collaborative, learning environment. info@thefsi.com.au http://www.thefsi.com.au Bowen Family Systems Theory and Practice: Illustration and Critique By Jenny Brown This paper will give an overview of Murray Bowen’s theory of family systems. It will describe the model’s development and outline its core clinical components. The practice of therapy will be described as well as recent developments within the model. Some key criticisms will be raised, followed by a case example which highlights the therapeutic focus of Bowen’s approach. This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Australian Academic Press for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy (ANZJFT) Vol.20 No.2 1999 pp 94-103). Introduction Murray Bowen's family systems theory (shortened to 'Bowen theory' from 1974) was one of the first comprehensive theories of family systems functioning (Bowen, 1966, 1978, Kerr and Bowen, 1988). While it has received sporadic attention in Australia and New Zealand, it continues to be a central influence in the practice of family therapy in North America. It is possible that some local family therapists have been influenced by many of Bowen's ideas without the connection being articulated. For example, the writing of Guerin...
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...The Project Gutenberg EBook of Dream Psychology, by Sigmund Freud This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Dream Psychology Psychoanalysis for Beginners Author: Sigmund Freud Release Date: March 28, 2005 [EBook #15489] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DREAM PSYCHOLOGY *** Produced by David Newman, Joel Schlosberg and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. DREAM PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOANALYSIS FOR BEGINNERS BY PROF. DR. SIGMUND FREUD AUTHORIZED ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY M. D. EDER WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY ANDRÉ TRIDON Author of "Psychoanalysis, its History, Theory and Practice." "Psychoanalysis and Behavior" and "Psychoanalysis, Sleep and Dreams" NEW YORK THE...
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...The Project Gutenberg EBook of Dream Psychology, by Sigmund Freud This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Dream Psychology EBOOK DREAM PSYCHOLOGY *** Produced by David Newman, Joel Schlosberg and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. DREAM PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOANALYSIS FOR BEGINNERS BY PROF. DR. SIGMUND FREUD AUTHORIZED ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY M. D. EDER WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY ANDRÉ TRIDON Author of "Psychoanalysis, its History, Theory and Practice." "Psychoanalysis and Behavior" and "Psychoanalysis, Sleep and Dreams" NEW YORK THE JAMES A. McCANN COMPANY 1920 THE JAMES A. McCANN COMPANY PRINTED IN THE U.S.A. INTRODUCTION The medical profession is justly conservative. Human life should not be considered as the proper material for wild experiments. Conservatism, however, is too often a welcome excuse for lazy minds, loath to adapt themselves to fast changing conditions. Remember the scornful reception...
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...DIVINATION SYSTEMS Written by Nicole Yalsovac Additional sections contributed by Sean Michael Smith and Christine Breese, D.D. Ph.D. Introduction Nichole Yalsovac Prophetic revelation, or Divination, dates back to the earliest known times of human existence. The oldest of all Chinese texts, the I Ching, is a divination system older than recorded history. James Legge says in his translation of I Ching: Book Of Changes (1996), “The desire to seek answers and to predict the future is as old as civilization itself.” Mankind has always had a desire to know what the future holds. Evidence shows that methods of divination, also known as fortune telling, were used by the ancient Egyptians, Chinese, Babylonians and the Sumerians (who resided in what is now Iraq) as early as six‐thousand years ago. Divination was originally a device of royalty and has often been an essential part of religion and medicine. Significant leaders and royalty often employed priests, doctors, soothsayers and astrologers as advisers and consultants on what the future held. Every civilization has held a belief in at least some type of divination. The point of divination in the ancient world was to ascertain the will of the gods. In fact, divination is so called because it is assumed to be a gift of the divine, a gift from the gods. This gift of obtaining knowledge of the unknown uses a wide range of tools and an enormous variety of ...
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...Ethical Responsibility in Pharmacy Practice Robert A. Buerki, Ph.D. Professor Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration The Ohio State University Louis D. Vottero, M.S. Professor of Pharmacy Emeritus Ohio Northern University American Institute of the History of Pharmacy Madison, Wisconsin 2002 Acknowledgments: Pages 208-10: "Principles of Medical Ethics" and "Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship," reprinted with permission from the Code of Medical Ethics, American Medical Association, © 1994 and © 2000. AMA logo reprinted with the permission of the American Medical Association. © 2002 American Medical Association. Usage of the AMA logo does not imply an endorsement of the non-AMA material found in this book. Page 211: "Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements," reprinted with permission from the American Nurses Association, © 2001 American Nurses Publishing, American Nurses Foundation/American Nurses Association, Washington, D.C. Pages 212-15: "A Patient's Bill of Rights," reprinted with permission of the American Hospital Association, © 1992. Pages 216-17: "Pharmacy Patient's Bill of Rights," reprinted with permission of the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. On the cover: The "triad of medical care" has been the basis for the ethical relationship between the pharmacist, the physician, and the patient for centuries. In the background, an early depiction of the triad from Book 7 of the encyclopedia...
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...CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate CSEC AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE SYLLABUS Effective for examinations from May/June 2008 CXC 07/G/SYLL 06 Published by the Caribbean Examinations Council © 2010, Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I. Telephone: (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: (876) 967-4972 E-mail address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2006, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB11158, Barbados CXC 07/G/SYLL 06 Content RATIONALE ........................................................................................................................................... 1 AIMS ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 CAREER CHOICES ............................................................................................................................... 2 SUGGESTED RESOURCES ...............................................................................................
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...EVIDENCE OUTLINE Prof. Mark Bonner Fall 2012 |1 • INTRODUCTION | I. Trial Context A. types of evidence at trial 1. witnesses 2. real evidence – something tangible related to the case 3. demonstrative evidence – not part of the story, but lawyer wishes to show the jury something to demonstrate something about the case (e.g., experiment; picture of intersection) B. competing stories at trial – two ways stories can compete 1. factual differences 2. differences in inferences drawn from the same facts II. Policy Overview [values that the evidence rules protect] A. accuracy 1. rationality – does evidence have a rational relationship to the case? 2. reliability – is the evidence credible? B. efficiency – see FRE 403 C. fairness – rules should be party-neutral 1. but note: some rules exclude evidence to one party’s advantage (e.g., evidence that Δ fixed the steps after the accident excluded, b/c we want to encourage Δs to make steps safer) (e.g., Confrontation Clause, guarantees rt of accused in a criminal trial to confront witnesses brought against him) D. danger of misuse of information 1. one solution: limiting instructions 2. but sometimes we’re so skeptical of jury’s willingness/ability...
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...Download GRE Big Book Word List GRE Big Book Word List abase v. To lower in position, estimation, or the like; degrade. abbess n. The lady superior of a nunnery. abbey n. The group of buildings which collectively form the dwelling-place of a society of monks or nuns. abbot n. The superior of a community of monks. abdicate v. To give up (royal power or the like). abdomen n. In mammals, the visceral cavity between the diaphragm and the pelvic floor; the belly. abdominal n. Of, pertaining to, or situated on the abdomen. abduction n. A carrying away of a person against his will, or illegally. abed adv. In bed; on a bed. aberration n. Deviation from a right, customary, or prescribed course. abet v. To aid, promote, or encourage the commission of (an offense). abeyance n. A state of suspension or temporary inaction. abhorrence n. The act of detesting extremely. abhorrent adj. Very repugnant; hateful. abidance n. An abiding. abject adj. Sunk to a low condition. abjure v. To recant, renounce, repudiate under oath. able-bodied adj. Competent for physical service. ablution n. A washing or cleansing, especially of the body. abnegate v. To renounce (a right or privilege). abnormal adj. Not conformed to the ordinary rule or standard. abominable adj. Very hateful. abominate v. To hate violently. abomination n. A very detestable act or practice. aboriginal adj. Primitive; unsophisticated. aborigines n. The original of earliest known inhabitants of a country. http://www.testsworld.com/gre-word-list...
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