...Metaparadigm: Personal Development Study of theories stemming from individual nursing interpretations within the structure of the metaparadigm, have helped define personal ideals and beliefs about nursing. To start, it was interesting to learn what the nursing metaparadigm is, and then to see how different the concept can become when different views are allowed to shape it. The type of nursing one practices helps to shape and solidify each nurse’s personal metaparadigm. Person In the NICU, the person/patient is diverse in both life stage and care requirements. The primary focus should always be the infant, but the parents should be cared for as well. The infant has the full range of patient needs. However, the parents have intense emotional and educational needs. Infant bonding must be facilitated, and can be difficult when parents are not able to hold their infant. A multi-member team should be employed to support parents and the infant. Environment The environment can be as small as the sterile bag used to catch a micro-preemie, or as large as the country the infant is born in. Infants are not always mindful of the due date their mommies are given. At times, premature births occur during vacation travel from another country, state, or city. The environment can seem very hostile when parents find they are without a home for duration of the infant’s stay in the NICU. Accommodations should be made to provide parents with a place to rest, express...
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...Describe the definition of nursing as put forward by the American Nurses Association. How does it address the metaparadigm theories of nursing? “Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations”. (Nursing World, 2015) The metaparadigm is composed of four different things: Person, health, environment and nursing. These items are directly linked to the definition of nursing. Although the metaparadigm theories of nursing are very general in the definition, basically, we are providing care for people as a whole, meaning the patients we take care of, their families and our communities. We provide protection for these individuals and improve their health and wellbeing. In regards to environment, we are changing the patients’ environment to improve the outcome of the patient’s health and wellbeing. As for the nursing part it, this term is encompassing all that we do, from the time they come in to the time they are discharged. According to Merriam-Webster’s definition of nursing which is “the duties of a nurse”, meaning “the job of taking care of people who are sick, injured, or old”, (Merriam-Webster Dictionary , 2015). This means many things, which is based upon the patient you are taking care of. The nurse adjusts his/her...
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...American Nurses Association (ANA), the definition of nursing is “the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations” (n.d.). Metaparadigm theories of nursing consists of theories that describe the four interrelated concepts, which are persons, environment, health and illness, and nursing. Persons are the recipients of nursing care and include individuals, families, and communities. Environment refers to the surroundings of the client, internal factors affecting the client, and the setting where nursing care is delivered. Health and illness describe the client's state of well-being. Nursing refers to the actions taken when providing care to a patient. ANA’s definition of nursing has included three of the four concepts that make up the metaparadigm theories of nursing. Its definition strongly emphasizes the concept of nursing. It listed many functions that nurses perform such as: protecting, promoting, optimization of health and physical abilities, preventing illness and injury, alleviating suffering, and advocating for patients (ANA website, n.d.). All these nursing actions are related to the care of health and illness, which is the second concept of the metapardigm theories of nursing. The ANA’s definition of nursing describes in more detail the concept of health...
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...Metaparadigm of concepts and propositions The nursing metaparadigm basic concepts comprise of human being, environment, health, and nursing. The relational propositions involve the relationship between the following concepts: human being and health; health and environment; nursing and human being; and human being, health, and environment (Fawcett, 1984; Fawcett & DeSanto-Madeya, 2013). Leventhal et al explained the human being and health concept through The CSM as “Patients are active. Patients take in and interpret information and cope with whatever problems arise” and “People seek information to label or define their body states and they use symptoms, or body states, to define labels” (Leventhal et al., 1980, pp.15). The theorists also clarified the concepts of health and environment as “The influence of social and cultural factors on self-regulation is depicted in the CSM that is social and cultural factors are depicted as shaping individuals’ representations of their health conditions” (Leventhal, Brissette, & Leventhal, 2003, pp.57). Furthermore, nursing metaparadigm concepts of human being, health, and environment were described through the CSM by stating the fact that upon developing health problems, individuals perceive and initially interpret such problems based on their common-sense...
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...Association definition of nursing can be described as a guideline for all nursing disciplines. They strive for you to protect, promote, and optimize abilities and health, prevent injury and illness, relief of pain with the diagnosis and treatment of human reaction, and to be an advocate for the care of individuals, families, communities, and population. (American Nurses Association: Nursing World). This definition of nursing addresses the metaparadigm of nursing because they describe nursing and are comparable to each other. The metaparadigm of nursing provides a foundation for understanding the four fundamental components of interest to the nursing profession: person, health, environment, and nursing. (“A Foundation for Professional Nursing Practice.”) Person is not just describing the patient but everyone involved in the process. The nurses should help develop him or her into being able to care for themselves and to enable him or her to work to the best of their abilities. Health refers to one’s well-being or welfare, including mental, physical, cultural, social and spiritual concerns. Environment is anything that encircles or impacts the patient surrounding. This can be external like the place where they are receiving treatment or care, or it can be internal like their emotional state, personal relationship and or family situations. Nurses can help alter the environment to create a healthy atmosphere where patients can receive their care. Nursing is the act of caring for...
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...Nursing as defined by the American Nurses Association (ANA) is the “protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations”. The metaparadigm theories of nursing include the concepts of person, health, environment and nursing. These concepts are very important to nursing because the delivery of standard and efficient patient care will lead to prompt patient recovery and lead to ability to function within these four parts. Person This refers to the individual as a whole according to Martha Rogers in the theory science of unitary human beings. In caring for the patient, the nurse needs to have good relationship with the patient, the family and even friends since these factors make up a person as a whole. Involving the family in patient care and sometimes-close friends will bring about speedy recovery of the patient. Health Health is a state of well being and using of ones power to the fullest. The nurse helps the patient attain optimum health through assessing the patient’s physical, mental/emotional, social and spiritual wellbeing. Example, through pain reduction, a patient can perform and complete activities of daily living thereby achieving physical wellbeing. This will also help him be able to interact with others around him, which will promote his social and emotional...
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...The ANA defines nursing as “the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations” (American Nurses Association website, 2015). The metaparadigm theories of nursing involves: health, person, environment and nursing. This theory is the basis to being a nurse because you cannot properly take care of your patient without putting all four of these things into consideration. As a nurse you should be able to first evaluate each patient individually and their health issues, second take care of each patient as a person not as a disease, third are able to understand that if the patient’s environment is unhealthy then the patient will not fully recover and last nurses are caring and compassionate. The ANAs definition of nursing incorporates all four concepts by including all individuals, caring and health promotion. It helps the nurse to focus on the patient as an individual and not only as an illness to help decrease pain and suffering. Nursing is not just handing out medication and following the physician’s orders. It is the act of being kind, giving support to others, making someone smile, spending a few minutes just to listen or even just a simple hug. References American Nurses Association website, 2015, retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/EspeciallyForYou/What-is-Nursing...
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...The American Nurses Association (ANA) describes nursing as the “protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations”. (ANA website, 2014) The metaparadigm of nursing provides a framework to better understand the four major components for the nursing profession: person, health, environment and nursing. Treating the person as a whole and realizing that each patient is an individual and may responded differently is very important. What may work for one patient may not work for another. As a nurse, we must recognize this and advocate for our patients, as we are the ones that are with them for 8, 10 or 12 hours a day. Again, when we find that a treatment is not working for a patient it is imperative that we communicate this with other members of the care team. Nurses are also key in education of the patient and their families, often times because of the stressors the patient is going through they are not able to focus, concentrate or retain the information that is taught. Involving the patient’s support system in the education, will often help to provide better outcomes by preventing reoccurrence or further injury. When a bedside nurse recognizes that a patient may still need more education she should bring in the appropriate members of the care team. This could encompass a...
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...NURSING PHILOSOPHY, 1 NURSING PHILOSOPHY NURSING PHILOSOPHY, 2 Nursing philosophy Definitions Philosophy Philosophies encompass a multitude of value statements and beliefs. Philosophies are based on knowledge derived from reality, personal values, existence, reasoning, and relevant presentation of concepts. According to Alligood (2014), they address concepts such as person, environment, health, and nursing. Philosophies are derived from different theoretical works which affirm general ideas pertaining to those works. Philosophies are all based on individual ideas which conceptualize different views of nursing. Alligood (2014) suggests that philosophies broaden everyday views of nursing. Nursing Philosophy Nursing philosophy is a representation of philosophy as it directly relates to nursing. According to Alligood (2014), specific nursing philosophies encompass theory guided nursing practice. The three different philosophies of nursing that each has their own value system are Nightingale’s, Watson’s and Benner’s. Each philosophy addresses its own concept of nursing care and factors that are associated with that. Alligood (2014) suggests nursing philosophies give us different views to consider when applying nursing care. Each philosophy serves its purpose as an interpretation of a rationalized value system of ideas of nursing care. Metaparadigm A metaparadigm is a knowledge type of nursing. The core basis of nursing is...
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...Introduction Traditionally the nursing metaparadigm involves four core concepts: nursing, health, person and environment. However, as the discipline is constantly evolving, a more adaptable viewpoint may better encompass the various aspects of the metaparadigm. This essay will be comparing and contrasting the core concepts of nursing that are seen in two different articles; one that conforms to the more traditional metaparadigm concepts and a second which has a more open point of view. After careful examination and comparison of the key concepts in both articles, I will be discussing how they fit into my own nursing practice. Fawcett’s article, which analysed a research study on the implementation of evidence-based nursing practice (EBNP), encompasses all four concepts of the nursing metaparadigm. This approach to the examination of the nursing metaparadigm has a specific focus on nursing and the environment. The study aims to change the environment of nursing care by encouraging nursing directors and executives to disseminate information and training revolving around evidence-based nursing practice to nurses. The underlying goal is to streamline nursing care, improve patient outcomes, and lessen redundancies and workplace frustration. In comparison, Newman’s article has a broader scope of focus using the unitary-transformative paradigm. The aim of this article is to examine the progress made in the development and growth of the field of nursing, using the seven core concepts:...
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...As stated in the American Nurse Association (ANA, 2014), “ nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.” Metaparadigm is a way to explain the concepts or conceptual models that concern the discipline and framework function of the nursing profession. There are four concepts to the metaparadigm theories of nursing, which are “person, environment, health/illness, and nursing" (Creasia & Friberg, 2011, p. 97-98). The first metaparadigm concept is the “person” referring to the individual who is receiving the nursing care, such as patient, families, or public in general. The second metaparadigm is the “environment” in relation to the setting of the patient, internal factors affecting the patient, and the situation or condition where the nurses are giving care. The third metaparadigm pertains to “health" to level of wellness or illness experienced by the patient. The last metaparadigm is “nursing,” which is defined as the actions, interventions, care of plans, or treatment of the nurse that is giving care to the patient. All four metaparadigms are interrelated and incorporated in the ANA definition of nursing. The ANA refers to concepts of the person by upholding the care of “the individuals, families, communities, and populations” (American...
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...Perspective Essay There are many nursing theorist that have influenced the development of nursing research. Nursing Theorist have provided the interrelated frameworks of ideas which focus on nursing practice. Through clinical application and information, nursing science adds relevance to the care of patients in health and disease. Nursing theories provide guidance to researchers and educate nurses (Keefe, 2011) to look at different approaches in caring for their patients. This paper will show how one theorist most influenced the development of nursing research. The 1990's was the decade for research and expanded nursing theory. This period elevated the use of evidence-based and best practices in nursing (George, 2011). Transcultural Nursing was introduced in 1992 by Madeline Leininger. Leininger’s theory says that the goal of nursing care is to” provide care congruent with cultural values, beliefs, and practices’ (Alligood & Tomey, 2010). The cultural and sociocultural factors of each person affects how they take on factors, meanings, and expressions of health and caring systems. This theory has wide applicability in different settings. The interest is focused on nurses becoming culturally competent so they can provide appropriate nursing care to a growing culturally/ethnically diverse patient population. Nursing paradigms show a clear relationship among the existing theoretical works in nursing. Leininger is the proponent of Transcultural Nursing and Human Care Theory. According...
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...The Nursing Metaparadigm Concepts Presented to Dr. Peck GNRS 5373 By Fatema Bandookwala, Irene Cotten, Amanda Garcia, Elizabeth Mbutu-Lomeli, Hawa Samson-Metzger, Alexandria Thomas On September 25, 2013 The University of Texas Medical Branch School Of Nursing THE NURSING METAPARADIGM CONCEPTS The nursing metaparadigm concepts described by Fawcett (as cited in McEwen & Willis, 2011), are a primary phenomena of interest to a discipline, which identifies globally by ways in which, nursing can deal with those phenomena in a distinctive and applicable manner. The functional aspects of the meta-paradigm according to Kim (as cited in McEwen & Willis, 2011), involve a combination of intellectual and social missions of nursing as a discipline in which boundaries are placed on the subject matter. The concepts of person, health, environment, and nursing as the meta-paradigm are formalized by Fawcett (as cited in McEwen & Willis, 2011) to be the dominant phenomena within the science of nursing. The dominant phenomena person is the individual personality of a human being (McQuiston &Webb, 1995). It is a dynamic pattern of energy and an open system to interaction with the environment (McEwen & Wills, 2011). It is critical to have an interpersonal relationship between nurses, patients, family members, and other hospital personnel. Hildegard Paplau originally taught the importance of relationships between nurses and patients (Tourville...
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...Explanation of how the nursing conceptual model incorporates the four metaparadigm concepts Metaparadigm #1: Person In Florence Nightingale’s theory the “person”, one of the elements in the four metaparadigms, is the individual receiving care. Her perception of the Person is that the person is a complex, holistic being. This includes biological, psychological, spiritual, and social components. But, the practice of nursing should not be limited by gender, spiritual beliefs, or values. * Holistic in her perception of people * Saw patients as individuals * Each person shows individual needs which should be determined by the patient and nurse Metaparadigm #2: Environment The environmental setting plays an enormous and significant role in promoting recovery from illness. Nightingale’s concept of the environment was the primary was focus of nursing care. Her framework for practice was manipulating the patient’s environment to include appropriate noise, nutrition, hygiene, light, comfort, socialization, and hope. By doing so, she believed this would help patients deal with symptoms and changes in body functions related to an illness. During the Crimean War, she observed and collected data that linked the patient’s health status with environmental factors and introduced better-quality hygiene and sanitary conditions. She also believed the basic nursing activity is the alteration of the internal and external environment - The environment could be altered in such a manner...
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...Describe the definition of nursing as put forward by the American Nurses Association. How does it address the metaparadigm theories of nursing? Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations. A metaparadigm is a concept that is extremely general, one that serves to define an entire world of thought. "Meta" means "that which is behind," in Greek, and refers to that which under-girds something else, serving as a conceptual basis. In her seminal (1984, cited in Slevin) work, "Analysis and Evaluation of Conceptual Models of Nursing," Jacqueline Fawcett developed the basic four metaparadigms of nursing. More recently, these have been revised by Basford and Slevin (2003) and serve to underpin the entire conceptual universe of the nursing profession. 1. Person * This paradigm refers to the sick individual not as a "patient," but as a "subject," a person in the full sense of the word. This includes families and social groups that have come to define the person as such. This person is unique and autonomous, and should be treated as such. A real person is not a mere object of professional care and surveillance. 2. Health * Like all meta-concepts, health is immensely general. It does not deal with health in a strictly clinical...
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