...Microaggressions in Everyday Life Chinese people consist of the majority—Han and other 55 ethnic minorities, such as Hui, also called Muslim Chinese. Han and Hui have different living customs. For example, Hui are forbidden to eat pork while pork is the most common meat consumed by Han. In my high school, there were two dinning rooms: a big one for Han students, and the other small one for Hui students. I had dinner with my friend-Qian, who was Hui, but stayed with me in Han Chinese dinning room on that day. I enjoyed my pork dish, and wanted to share it with her but she refused. Qian explained, “I am Hui people, we do not eat pork.” I did not give up and said, “Come on, I have known you for ages, we are the same, we are all Chinese people. I can not see any differences.” My friend began to keep silent, and I kept persuading her, “just try one slice of the pork, they are really delicious”. However, my friend frowned and said “I can not eat it. The smell of the pork makes me sick”. After hearing her words, I stopped persuading her to eat pork because I did not want to make her uncomfortable. Then we began to talk other topics. I was unaware that what I committed was a microaggression at that time. Microaggressions are verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional happening in daily life, conveying communicating hostile, derogatory,...
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...hand can modify protocols based on the environment and have a very high degree of flexibility. They can also use unconventional methods to obtain results. * Enthusiasm to work: All said and done, in the end for any rural venture to be successful, what is required is a very high degree of enthusiasm, and an urge to excel. Social work is usually characterized by long working hours, unclear goals, sensitivity towards culture, commitment to the goals. Most private ventures enter this field out of passion and hence have this in plenty. Government officials may or may not be passionate about this project, but have to work on it. This clearly translates into the results. * Need for micro-level approach: Most rural ventures are extremely people oriented and need a lot of work to be done on a micro level and at a small scale. To be able to reach such a small demographic is usually...
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...Brennan, D. Howes and M. Dadds (2013) Introduction: Aggressiveness is a complicated study due to the fact that it does not act as an integral trait, and increased interest towards the matter of anti-social behaviour is partly explained by the apparent escalation of aggression in contemporary society (Popova, 2006). The human expression of anger is due to a combination of endocrine, neural and behavioural mechanisms and as such, a central question of human history. Children with aggressive behaviour form a heterogeneous population in relation to certain subtypes of aggressive antisocial behaviour. Callous-unemotional traits (e.g. absence of emotions and blame) are well-studied and temperamentally tied in with acute and persistent antisocial expression in children, which holds the risk for progressing psychopathy later in life (Frick & Viding, 2009) Serotonin levels are thought to contribute to childhood aggressive and antisocial behaviour, which can lead to expression later in adulthood (Raine, 2002). Thus, genetic factors are an inseparable part of the nature of antisocial behaviour, as demonstrated by twin research that has shown that heritability is likely to determine various forms of aggression and personality factors, such as impulsivity and callous-unemotional traits (Moffitt, 2005). Despite the fact that the specific genetic basis of the innate nature of antisocial behaviour has not been firmly demonstrated, a number of studies have proposed that serotonergic...
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...School Environment as Predictors for Physical Aggression in Low-Income Children Xiaoyu Li University of Nebraska-Lincoln, whulucy@gmail.com Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsdiss Part of the Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education Commons Li, Xiaoyu, "Family Environment and School Environment as Predictors for Physical Aggression in Low-Income Children" (2012). Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences. Paper 164. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsdiss/164 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Education and Human Sciences, College of (CEHS) at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AS PREDICTORS FOR PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN LOW-INCOME CHILDREN by Xiaoyu Li A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science Major: Child, Youth, & Family Studies Under the Supervision of Professor Soo-Young Hong Lincoln, Nebraska November, 2012 FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AS PREDICTORS FOR PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN LOW-INCOME CHILDREN Xiaoyu Li, M.S. University...
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...I was sitting in a Portland Oregon hotel when four words forever changed my business. The keynote speaker at the meeting, a vice president of channel had just finished a surprisingly lack-luster presentation and opened up for questions. An associate from New York City immediately stood and asked, “Do you consider us competition or partners?” The VP answered without skipping a beat, “You are Apple’s competition.” I guess there shouldn’t have been a gasp and rumble throughout the room, but 100+ Authorized Resellers and VARs suddenly realized that they faced an uphill battle. Many would close their doors in the months to come. As an Authorized reseller I bought our Apple branded products from first tier distributors such as Ingram Micro and Tech Data with only small price variances based on the size of the Purchase Order. Smaller PO’s were often ignored or faced delays in shipping. A big reason for the gasp in the room was the increasing trend of Apple product scarcity for resellers. While Apple’s new retail stores had full shelves we had to fight over the leftovers. Often this meant we missed out on the initial surge of purchases made by early adopters. (Eventually Apple would release game-changing products like the iPhone and not allow Apple resellers to sell them.) When Apple opened their new store 5 minutes from one of mine I was forced to pivot or close my doors. We changed from being an Apple Reseller who sold some accessories to more of a system integrator and service...
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...Overview “Violence is a disease, a disease that corrupts all who use it regardless of the cause.” These are the wise words of renowned author Chris Hedges. In today’s society, this proverbial disease has spread and has come to plague one demographic in particular: teenagers. It appears that incidents of teenage violence are always swarming the media and dominating news coverage which has led to psychologists and sociologists desperately trying to find the source of this aggression. However, even in this epidemic of violence amongst adolescents, there is one social organization in which acts of violence are not just tolerated, but glorified and encouraged as well; the world of contact sports. Could participation in contact sports be a major contributing factor in the widespread occurrence of teen violence? This study focuses on the correlation between teenagers’ involvement in contact sports, and their development of violent tendencies, and it will help reveal whether there is a correlation at all between the two, and if so to what degree. Specifically, it will explain if, through the acceptance of violent acts performed in sports, a teenager is desensitized to violence and assumes those same acts are tolerated outside of the sports environment. It will also tap into the closely related matter of whether the glorification of these violent acts in sports, subconsciously teaches teenagers that violence is a good thing even outside of the sports environment. Finally, it will...
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...Violent Computer Games What effects do such games have on aggression? Theoretical approaches • Idea of catharsis: “The occurrence of any act of aggression is assumed to reduce the instigation to aggress.” (Dollard et al., 1939; p. 50) further violence is less likely • • The frustration-aggression hypothesis (Dollard et al., 1939) Unspecific release of aggressive energy (Lorenz, 1974) Exemplary Evidence - Violent Computer Games • Watching a trailer for a violent computer game causes higher aggression-related judgments (Möller & Krahé, 2006) Playing violent computer games increases hostility (Anderson & Ford, 1986) • • Playing violent computer games increases the accessibility of aggression-related constructs and aggressive behavior (Anderson & Dill, 2000) No valid empirical evidence for catharsis after violent computer games. Accessibility from Semantic Sources • • Subliminally primed aggression-related constructs lead to higher aggressiveness ratings. (Bargh & Pietromonaco, 1982) Unconsciously activated aggression causes more aggressive behavior. (Bargh, Chen, & Burrows, 1996) Weapon effect: Presence of aggression-related cues increases accessibility of aggression-related constructs. (Berkowitz & LePage, 1967; Anderson, Benjamin, & Bartholow, 1998) • Accessible aggressive constructs influence aggressionrelated judgments and aggressive behavior. Recent and frequent construct use determine accessibility. Accessibility from Goals Construct...
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...INTRODUCTION The sole purpose of this project is to examine whether children behave Differently, after they have been watching violence on television. In addition the question that is of paramount importance to this whole piece of investigative work is: • Are children more likely to imitate acts of violence or aggressive behavior because of what they have seen on television? A continuing debate between Broadcasters and Scientists is permanently ongoing and in spite of the accumulation of evidence between the links of viewing television violence and children’s behavior the debate goes on. Furthermore, media professionals would rather believe that television has no effects other than those intended, thousands of studies have pointed to casual relationships between television violence and real-life crime. In spite of numerous research studies, the perception continues that the effects of television violence are unclear, even contradictory. Moreover, blaming the media could be an easy option for some and can serve to divert attention from other causes or change going on in a child’s life, and so claims about the, “Effects of Television” could be massively exaggerated. This ongoing debate has inspired a great deal of research, one of the most well-known and publicized experiments was that of Albert Bandura’s Bobo doll studies, which are now widely regarded as early research classics in the field of psychology. I am going to...
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...Guidelines for RC Tones Possible tone | Meaning of the word | Acerbic | Harsh/ severe; bitter | Aggressive | Forceful; tending towards unprovoked offensiveness | Angry/indignant | | Apathetic | Emotionless; not interested/ concerned; indifferent; unresponsive | Apologetic | Expressing remorse, regret, sorrow for having failed, injured, insulted or wronged another | Belligerent | Aggressively hostile; bellicose | Biased | Favouring one thing/person/group over another for personal reasons. | Caustic | Biting; acerbic | Commiserating | Feeling/ expressing sorrow for; empathizing with; pity | Condescending | Patronizing; showing/implying patronising descent from dignity/ superiority | Contemptuous | Expressing contempt/ disdain | Cynical | displaying a belief that people are always self-seeking and never altruistic in their actions | Derisive | Unkind and displaying contempt | Disparaging | Speak slightingly; depreciating; belittling | Dogmatic | Asserting opinions in an arrogant manner; imperious; dictatorial | Emotional | Easily affected by feelings actuated by experiencing love, hate, fear and the like | Ethical | Dealing with principles of morality; honest; righteous | Euphemistic | Substitution of mild, indirect or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh or blunt | Grandiose | More complicated/ elaborated than necessary; pompous | Humanistic | Evincing keen interest in human affairs, nature, welfare, values | Humourous...
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...Are You A Good Communicator? Communication is the process of sharing one’s information to another person or a group of people whether it is one’s thoughts or his or her feelings through spoken words, written words, or body language. Effective communication requires that the transmitted information is received and understood by the receiver in the way it was intended. Interpersonal relationships are important particularly in the health care industry for teamwork and forming positive working relationships between the health care team and their patients. Trust in health care is an important interpersonal skill and the cornerstone of effective doctor-patient relationships. “The need for interpersonal trust relates to the vulnerability associated with being ill. Without trust patients may well not access services at all, let alone disclose all medically relevant information” (Rowe & Calnan, 2006, p4). Trust is also an important interpersonal element in effective healthcare team development. A supportive climate encourages open, honest, and constructive interactions among informal conversations and formal conversations. While a defensive climate leads to competitive or even destructive conflict. According to Dr. Jack Gibb, who was a distinguished psychologist and a consultant for various organizations for five decades, there are six dimensions of behavior. Each dimension has an opposite or polar end. One side of the dimension creates a defensive climate, while the opposite...
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...8A1 This assignment lets you explore a quasi-experimental model using ANCOVA data analytical approach. By doing this data analysis project, you will understand a new quantitative research model when randomized sampling is not a choice. Specifically, you will develop analytical skills to use covariate to control for or partial out effects of pre-existing differences carried by sampling. To complete the assessment, answer each question, providing IBM SPSS analysis when necessary to support your answer. For this assignment, use the small batch of data provided by Warner's textbook on page 724. These are hypothetical data. We will imagine that a three-group quasi-experimental study was done to compare the effects of three treatments on the aggressive behavior of male children. Xc, the covariate, is a pretest measure of aggressiveness: the number of aggressive behaviors emitted by each child when the child is first placed in a neutral playroom situation. This measure was done prior to exposure to the treatment. Children could not be randomly assigned to treatment groups, so the groups did not start out exactly equivalent on aggressiveness. The dependent variable, Y, is a posttest measure: the number of aggressive behaviors emitted by each child after exposure to one of the three treatments. Treatment A consisted of three different films. The A1 group saw a cartoon animal behaving aggressively. The A2 group saw a human female model behaving aggressively. The A3group saw a human male...
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...In todays society, spanking is a major controversial topic. Spanking is the act of striking a child’s buttocks with an open hand (Moninger). Only a short 38 years ago in 1974 the United States passed the Child Abuse and Treatment Act prior to this act spanking children was considered a “family matter” and was not something others questioned (CAPTA). A poll of 1,000 readers on parents.com eighty-one percent said they had spanked their child at least once and twenty-two percent do so once a week or more (Moninger). This figure is consistent with the 2007 study that was published in the “Psychology, Public Policy, and Law” Journal which stated that nearly eighty percent of kids are spanked at least once by fifth grade (Moninger). Many people today still believe that it is still family business while others believe spanking is a form of child abuse which is a non-productive way to handle things and scares children for the rest of their lives (Squidoo). Though there are some Pros to spanking, do we know what the long term effects of spanking are on children under the age of 13? Some of the Pros of spanking are that it can be effective on a short term basis by getting the child to change the negative behavior that caused the spanking in the first place (Dr.Phil). When spanking is used in conjunction with more of a humane disciplinary method, such as time outs, it seems to have a greater affect on children from ages two to six (Dr.Phil). Also it seems that parents who use time...
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...Coping With Bullying in Schools School Bullying Unit 6 Project Kennetha Kornegay CM107 I. Introduction a. As the safety of U.S. Schools has become an important public policy issue, interest in the problem of school bullying has intensified. b. A report, released in 2002 by the U.S. Secret Service, concluded that bullying plays a big role in many school shooting. II. Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. a. Affects those who witness bullying b. Affects those who are bullied c. Affects those who bully III. What counselors do to help with bullying? A. offer one-on-one counseling B. transactional analysis C. cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) IV. What can parents do? a. Talk to your child; sit down in a quiet place with no arguing and talk with your child about the negative effects of bullying and how they can help to prevent it. All kids need to be aware of this, whether they are getting bullied or not, because if they witness it they need to contact their adult superior for help. b. Talk to the teacher; set up random conferences with their teacher to make sure that the child is neither bullying nor getting bullied. The teacher usually notices these types of negative behaviors being present at the schools. c. Talk to the head of schools; if the teacher or principal at the school could not prevent the bullying from reoccurring, then the parent may have to contact the head...
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...Children raised under different parenting styles are going to react differently to the changes that come with age. I am going to look at how they would react to the physical changes of mid-life, for example, declining physical abilities. In my mind I feel that an adult that grew up in an authoritative household would handle his/her declining physical abilities the best. They will be the most emotionally well-adjusted and mature, allowing them to accept the negative aspect of their physical changes. They are more independent and will face the situation head on. They will most likely surround themselves with others that will show them the same types of love and support that they were brought up with. In my mind I feel that an adult that grew up in an authoritarian household will either be angry or depressed when faced with the same challenges. These children tend to lean toward being aggressive or withdrawn, those emotions will channel into anger or depression. They might be depressed that they cannot do the things they used to do; they might just turn into "couch potatoes." Conversely, they could also become very bitter because their body is declining. If they were to become angry, they would probably take out their frustrations on others around them. I also feel that an adult that grew up in a permissive household would probably be more prone to do something that would injure themselves. Since they tend to be impulsive, they might turn to drugs as a way to cope...
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...if we are to communicate effectively. Here we will explore different types of communication behaviour, their descriptions and characteristics, causes and effects, and lastly, will consider possible uses of these behaviours. Consider 4 different types of behaviour: • aggressive • submissive • avoidance • assertive Let’s consider each one in turn. Aggressive behaviour offends or isolates someone else’s rights. It is a showing, perhaps both physically and verbally, of anger or dominance. It can be an automatic reaction or a one-off reaction to a particularly sensitive or threatening situation, or perhaps ‘the straw that broke the camel’s back’. Aggression can sometimes be an expression of fear, lack of self-esteem, or inability to control a situation in any other way. Aggression...
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