...Raigosa Comentario de texto sobre el Proceso militar de Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla “El indulto es para los criminales, no para los defensores de la Patria”. Miguel Gregorio Antonio Ignacio Hidalgo y Costilla Gallaga Mandarte Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla es, para la mayoría del pueblo mexicano, el “héroe” más significativo durante el proceso de independencia. Ya sea por lo aprendido en la escuela o por lo enseñado por nuestros padres, este individuo pasó a la historia de México como una persona de rectitud envidiable y valor intachable. Pero, ¿fue realmente la persona que idolatramos como pueblo? Comúnmente pensamos que murió a sangre fría y sin consideración a manos del ejército realista. Lo que la mayoría de la gente no conoce es sobre el proceso militar y eclesiástico al que fue sujeto. Mismo proceso que nos disponemos a comentar. Antes que nada, es necesario aclarar que este no es un estudio sobre la independencia de México o sobre el movimiento insurgente durante el mando del Cura de Dolores. Tampoco es una explicación sobre la lucha armada entre el ejército insurgente y el realista. Y menos es un artículo sobre las causas de la independencia de México. Simple y sencillamente, es un comentario sobre el proceso militar contra el Miguel Hidalgo. No más, no menos. A pesar de lo antes mencionado, es necesario poner en contexto el perfil de Miguel Hidalgo, su proceso militar, la independencia y los demás movimientos emergentes en América. Tiempo antes...
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...Cristóbal Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, otherwise known as Father Miguel Hidalgo, was a priest in Mexico, where he spent most of his life. He was born on May 8, 1753 in Guanajuato, Mexico and died July 31 or August 11, 1811. He is known for starting the Mexican War of Independence with his famous battle cry called “El Grito de Dolores,” or The Cry of Dolores. In this cry he says “Long live our Lady of Guadalupe, death to bad government, death to the gachupines!” The Lady of Guadalupe is otherwise known as the Virgin Mary. The gachupines are the Spaniards. The town he lived in was renamed to Dolores Hidalgo, whereas before it was just Dolores. Although he didn’t help free Mexico from Spanish rule, he is known as Mexico’s founding father for his...
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...Toussiant L’Ouverture 4. Simon Bolivar 5. Junta 6. Gran Colombia 7. Jose de San Martin 8. Miguel de Hidalgo y Costilla 9. Grito de Dolores 10. Pedro I of Brazil Thematic Questions. These questions refer to examples in the reading of past historical themes that we have studied. Most of these questions can be answered in no more than two sentences. 1. What was voudun, why was it useful to the Haitian rebels, and how is it an example of a common social phenomenon that we have studied in the past? 2. How did the stages of the Haitian Revolution reflect a similar pattern when compared to the first two stages of the French Revolution? 3. What was the role of disease in the Haitian Revolution? How is this different than the role of disease in past conflicts such as the Spanish conquest of Mexico? 4. How did the conflict between criollo juntas and penninsulares in the Spanish new world demonstrate a similar the conflict as the dynamic between the French bourgeoisie and the French nobility? 5. Besides the military challenge of defeating the Spanish, what was the biggest challenge for Bolivar in creating a united Venezuela? 6. Why did Bolivar prefer a strong central government for newly independent South American states? 7. What were the differences between the Mexican rebellion led by Miguel de Hidalgo y...
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...| CLAVE IATA | CIUDAD | NOMBRE | 1 | | Acapulco - Gro. | Aeropuerto Internacional General Juan N. Álvarez | 2 | AGU | . | | 3 | BJX | León - Gto. | | 4 | | | Aeropuerto Internacional Abraham González | 5 | CLQ | | Aeropuerto Nacional Licenciado Miguel de la Madrid | 6 | CME | Cd. del Carmen - Camp. | | 7 | | Campeche - Camp. | Aeropuerto Internacional Ing. Alberto Acuña Ongay | 8 | CTM | | | 9 | CUL | Culiacán - Sin. | | 10 | | | Aeropuerto Internacional de Cancún | 11 | CUU | | | 12 | CVJ | Cuernavaca - Mor. | | 13 | | Cd. Victoria - Tamps. | Aeropuerto Internacional General Pedro José Méndez | 14 | CZM | | Aeropuerto Internacional de Cozumel | 15 | | Durango - Dgo. | | 16 | | Guadalajara - Jal. | Aeropuerto Internacional Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla | 17 | | | Aeropuerto Internacional General Ignacio Pesqueira García | 18 | HUX | Huatulco - Oax. | | 19 | | La Paz - B.C.S. | | 20 | LMM | | Aeropuerto Internacional Federal del Valle del Fuerte | 21 | | Monclova - Coah. | | 22 | | Loreto - B.C.S. | Aeropuerto Internacional de Loreto | 23 | MAM | . | Aeropuerto Internacional General Servando Canales | 24 | MEX | | | 25 | | Mérida - Yuc. | Aeropuerto Internacional Manuel Crescencio Rejón | 26 | MLM | Morelia, Michoacán | Aeropuerto Internacional General Francisco J. Mujica | 27 | MTY | Monterrey - N.L. | Aeropuerto Internacional General Mariano Escobedo | 28 | MXL | Mexicali, Baja California |...
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...Russia Timeline: X-XX Century 1. Late 10th C. – Vikings land of the Rus! 2. 1015-1036- Sviatapol, Boris, Glev 3. 1240-1480- Golden Horde rules, Iron I “Kalitas”, Ivan II * Ivan the II Home Work 4. 1480-1505- Ivan III Tzar? 5. 1505-1533- Vasily Ivanovich * The time of Juana La loca y Felipe “El Hermoso” * Ivanovich needed an heir to the throne and he sent his wife to a convent and got married to another woman * The highest leader of the orthodox church accused his deeds as an abomination and told him that this new marriage was a curse (his son will be born a monster) * Cuando nace el hijo nace con una anormalidad * “a monster has benn born with two teeth he will dovour our people and with one he will devour you” * Ivan Grosny 6. 1547-1584-Ivan Grosny (Ivan IV) rules at 16 years old * Grosny was given to him because it means “awesome”, (all inspiring) * If you stand beside him you will be disintegrated * “A flock needs a shepherd” * Was taken out of power because of his terrible deeds * When he was persuaded to come back into ruling Russia he told them that he would, but under his conditions * Worst failure: (failed to protect Russia) * Was so focused on his outer enemies that he didn’t see the Tzar Mongols invade Moscu (the Tzars ended up burning Moscu) * They prophesized that he was gonna die in a specific day and month (***and he did *** when he...
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...Before Mexico gained its independence and controlled Texas, the Spanish had control of Texas and Mexico for about 132 years. During those years the Spanish had enslaved the Mexicans and made them work in factories, sugarcane fields, mining, and agriculture. Due to the slavery, a priest named Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla started a revolt against the Spanish on the night of September 15, 1810. The revolt was started by him yelling “Viva Mexico!” Backing him up were some untrained Indians from the nearby areas and even King...
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...background: The site of advanced Amerindian civilizations, Mexico came under Spanish rule for three centuries before achieving independence early in the 19th century. A devaluation of the peso in late 1994 threw Mexico into economic turmoil, triggering the worst recession in over half a century. The nation continues to make an impressive recovery. Ongoing economic and social concerns include low real wages, underemployment for a large segment of the population, inequitable income distribution, and few advancement opportunities for the largely Amerindian population in the impoverished southern states. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time since the 1910 Mexican Revolution that the opposition defeated the party in government, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Vicente FOX of the National Action Party (PAN) was sworn in on 1 December 2000 as the first chief executive elected in free and fair elections.Geography Situated in the southwestern part of mainland North America and roughly triangular in shape, Mexico stretches more than 3000 km from northwest to southeast. Its width is varied, from more than 2000 km in the north and less than 220 km at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in the south. Mexico is bordered by the United States to the north, and Belize and Guatemala to the southeast. Mexico is about one-fourth the size of the United States. Baja California in the west is an 1,250-km peninsula and forms the Gulf of California. In the east are the Gulf of Mexico...
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...realized in 2004 by the Chamber of Deputies Mexico privatized its rail service with the dissolution of the former Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México in 1998. There is a Mexico City Metro and a Monterrey Metro as well as light rail systems operating in Mexico City (Xochimilco Light Rail), and Guadalajara (Guadalajara light rail system). Airport infrastructure in Mexico is the most advanced in Latin America:[14] all the cities with more than 500,000 inhabitants have an airport There are 1834 airports in Mexico, the third-largest number of airports by country in the world.[15] The seven largest airports—which absorb 90% of air travel—are (in order of air traffic): Mexico City International Airport, Cancún International Airport, Don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla International Airport (Guadalajara), General Mariano Escobedo International Airport (Monterrey), General Abelardo L. Rodríguez International Airport (Tijuana), General Juan N. Álvarez International Airport (Acapulco), and Lic. Gustavo Díaz Ordaz International Airport (Puerto Vallarta).[14] All airports are privately owned, with the exception of Mexico City International Airport. This airport remains the largest in Latin America and the 44th largest in the world[16] transporting close to 26 million passengers a year.[17] The governments of the United States and Mexico recently approved an agreement of "open skies", which allows low-cost carriers to operate point-to-point (direct) routes between American and Mexican cities.[13] This...
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...múltiples tropiezos, contradicciones y aún retrocesos. * Los documentos que aquí se presentan permiten observar el desarrollo de las nociones de soberanía, autonomía, federalismo, entre otros. * Los argumentos recurren a razones biológicas, ideológicas, filosóficas, religiosas o culturales 1er DOCUMENTO FRAY MELCHOR DE TALAMANTES: PLAN DE INDEPENDENCIA (1808) * El fraile mercedario de origen peruano Melchor de Talamantes expresó la mayor radicalización del movimiento criollo en el siguiente plan de independencia. Introducción * Se divulgo en México de un modo auténtico la triste noticia de la abdicación hecha por la Real Familia de sus derechos a la Corona de España e Indias en el pérfido usurpador Bonaparte, comenzaron a bullir en mi imaginación mil ideas conducentes a la salud de la Patria y seguridad del Reino. Ideas que se deseaba TALAMANTES: a) Un congreso nacional que inflamase los corazones por el bien de la Patria b) Reuniese los ánimos c) Descubriese las disposiciones y resoluciones del Reino todo d) Organizase a este, le diera consistencia, firmeza y prosperidad que le faltaban e) Calmase la inquietud de toda clase de pretendientes y litigantes f) Y revistiese al Reino de Nueva España de aquel carácter de dignidad, grandeza y elevación que debía hacerlo respetable entre las naciones cultas e independientes de América y Europa. | 1 | Nombrar al virrey capitán general del reino y confirmar en sus empleos a todos los...
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...Exam 2: Chapter 28-32 Atlantic revolutions (American, French, Haitian, Latin America) Rise of nationalism Industrialization Global transitions: the americas, the ottoman empire, Romanov Russia, Qin China, Japan. Global empires. Atlantic Revolutions: In the early modern period (1450-1750. Period of early European exploration and contact. It caused the establishment of european commercial empires. Primary tributary, it focused on trade, and some settler comics. This caused there to be “nation-states”, in tern proto-industrialization in europe (innovation) Europe started into three major processes: Revolution, (and nationalism) Industrialization Imperialism Lastly the Rise of the “nation-state” Age of Enlightenment (1650-1780’s) There were plenty of forward thinkers. Each was moving toward science as the new way of thinking. They used the application of universal laws of the natural world to social world. They valued ration over revelation. The government was as a contract. The ideas of Freedom, equality and sovereignty were held as the highest. The belief was to move forward in progress. French Revolution (1789-1799) The aim was to abolish the monarchy that was in france, it ultimately failed. It was far more radical than the American, but still failed. Mostly because they had no idea how to run a government. Whereas the Americans had some knowledge about their own rule. Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) Declared himself emperor and attempted to bring...
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