Module 1 Critical Thinking Questions Submitted By: Nancy Boyd, 0295388
Choose 4 of the 5 questions below to answer. Please provide thorough answers and write in complete sentences.

1. A healthy, young client informs the nurse that she is enrolled om a clinical drug research study. The nurse recognizes the client is involved in which phase of trials?
a. Pre-clinical
b. Clinical
c. Review of the New Drug Application (NDA)
d. Post-marketing surveillance
The answer is: ¬¬ Clinical

Briefly explain what happens in each phase of testing new drugs.
Preclinical:
Comprises of extensive laboratory research, done on human, microbial and animal cells. Consequently, predicting the effects the drug will have on humans and determines the drug-dose range. However, results in this phase …show more content…
If the new drug application is approved; the process can proceed if not the process is suspended pending the pharmaceutical company addressing the issues raised in the process.
Post-marketing surveillance:
This phase commences after the clinical trial and the New Drug Application stages are complete. The purpose of this stage is to survey for adverse effects on the larger population, that may have taken longer to appear.

2. A client is receiving a Schedule II drug, and is angry that the physician always says, “You must return to the office before I can give you another prescription.” How should the nurse respond to this client?
Explain to the patient that legally, a patient must see a physician to obtain an order for a schedule II drug and have a high potential for being abused. Refills are not permitted; therefore, the healthcare provider must see the patient to determine the necessity of the prescription. By law a telephone order to the pharmacy is not permitted, only a signed order is permitted.
3. What does the nurse need to evaluate before administering a drug by the enteral