...detective’s eyes. TV shows nowadays like such as Hawaii Five O, Criminal Minds and Bones all are told in this perspective. As for the actual murders now they also have different motives than General Macarthur in And Then there Were None. Today the murder mystery genre is a very popular side of national TV. There are many popular murder mystery shows on TV like such as Bones, Criminal Minds and Hawaii Five O. But Criminal Minds is one of the most rated shows. For example Criminal...
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...lawsuit is something about which to be ashamed. Our society has been criticized for being overly litigious. In fact, we even go on television to sue in "The People's Court" and other similar shows. Is our culture “sue-happy?” Should access to the court system be restricted? I strongly believed that our culture is sue-happy due to the fact that you could sue everybody for almost everything. However, the access to the court system should not be restricted because the court represents the people’s belief in morality, justices, the laws and the government. 4) The Bill of Rights was drafted to protect individuals from their own government, not from criminals. Because of this, the defendant in a criminal case has rights that are constitutionally protected. The victims of the crime do not have as many rights in the criminal...
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...denying the possibility of being hypnotizd. In the United States Criminal law system, the most common and popular summation of a crime can be broken down into three seperate aspects that must first be established before guilt can be determined: means, motive, and opportunity. While opportunity is plausible, however noy likely with no past criminal conduct, and since Justen let alone did not know these women, he had no reason to murder these women. This leaves the court with one last aspect to investigate, motive and/or intent. Motive, according to criminal law is the cause that moves people to perform a certain action. However, the law technically makes a distinction between motive and intent. Intent is no more than the specfic mental purpose to perform a specfic deed. In closing statements, Justen’s defensive attorney brought up a very interesting question: can you prove either intent, or motive without consciousness, furthermore without motive or intent can you claim causation? Consciousness, by definition is everything in which an indivual is aware at any given time, including but not limited to one's thoughts, feelings, sensations, and perception of the external environment. If the hypnosis Justen went under actually did alter his state of consciousness, then he was no longer aware of his thoughts, feelings, or actions. In summary, without conciousness there can not be causation, and therefore no intent or motive. Justen was then found not guilty, and swore to never be hypnotized...
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...parents, teachers, church and peers. There are some criminologists who study the importance of socialization in regards to crime. They really look at how family, school and peers influence criminal behavior. Edwin Sutherland was the first criminologist to focus on the relationship between crimes and the socialization process rather than physiology, race, mental disorder etc. Sutherland developed the differential association theory, the process of social interaction by which individual acquires definitions favorable and unfavorable to law violation. The differential association theory states that through interaction with people, individuals learn their values, attitudes and motives for criminal behavior. This is the idea of cultural transmission. Sutherland presented nine propositions explaining differential association and they are as follows; criminal behavior is learned, it’s learned via communication, it occurs within personal groups, when learned the learning includes ways to commit crimes and their direct motives, direction of motives and where it’s derived, delinquency occurs as a result of an excess of definitions favorable to violation of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of law, it may vary in frequency, duration, priority and intensity, the process of learning criminal behavior by association...
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...of direct electronic communications; (c) unauthorized access, including so-called “hacking,” and other unlawful activities by minors online; (d) unauthorized disclosure, use, and dissemination of personal information regarding minors; and (e) measures restricting minors’ access to materials harmful to them. Schools and libraries must have safety policies and computers in proper working functions for the minors before receiving E-rate funding. Reference: http://www.fcc.gov/guides/childrens-internet-protection-act Children's Internet Protection Act Federal Communications Commission 2001 NO ELECTRONIC THEFT (NET) ACT, 1997 No Electronic Theft (NET) Act of 1997 (H.R. 2265: Act was created to provide (provision) laws dealing with criminal liability for copyright violation (infringement) that may cause serious...
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...University of Warwick School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2010-05 LEGAL FORM AND MORAL JUDGMENT: THE PROBLEM OF EUTHANASIA Alan Norrie Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1577163 ABSTRACT In this paper, I want to consider the way in which categories of legal responsibility in the criminal law’s general part mediate and finesse broader moral issues around questions of euthanasia. I INTRODUCTION Euthanasia and its close cousin assisted dying represent extremely problematic areas for the criminal law, as the recent guidelines issue around assisted suicide testifies. The effect of these guidelines is to make no official change in the law, yet to make it clear as a matter of practice that where the law on its face has been broken, there will be no prosecution where the defendant was motivated by good moral reasons. On a legal realist vision of law, the law has changed, but on a positivistic reading it has not. What we have in fact is a rather complex and potentially troublesome juxtaposition of legal rule and administrative discretion. This balances strong social, political and moral claims in a society where there is no consensus as to the rights and wrongs of helping someone to die. In this context, the legal realist can say ‘I told you so’, and the legal positivist can cluck disapprovingly, but both miss the point, which is that the law’s messy mixing of messages in a pragmatic compromise reflects the moral impasse in a way that...
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...Checkpoint: Criminal Acts and Choice Theories Response Oval Campbell CJ200 Martin Nealeigh November 30, 2013 Criminal Acts and Choice Theories Response Write a 200- to 300-word response in which you describe choice theories and how they relate to crime. Describe the common models for society to determine which acts are considered criminal. Explain how choice theories of crime affect society. Post your response as an attachment. The common models that societies use to determine which acts are considered criminal are based in basic human rights. We unconsciously know that dreadful crimes such as murder are essentially wrong. Yet the concept of having the God given right to pursue happiness and our desires must have a limit. So in general, laws reflect respect for others rights as well, ensuring that we can all both pursue our personal happiness without impinging on our neighbors’ rights. In order to promote law enforcement, one of two models is usually chosen. In the centralized model, one or two agencies work in tandem to perform street enforcement, traffic duty, and criminal investigation. In the regionalized model police departments, sheriffs, and constables handle the duties of patrol and traffic, while a separate state department performs investigation. Sensible Choice Theory: The sensible choice theory explains why some people choose to commit crime. In its most basic form, the concept is that people will commit crimes if they are given the motive, opportunity...
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...Check-Point: Criminal Acts and Choice Theories Response Write a 200- to 300-word response in which you describe choice theories and how they relate to crime. Describe the common models for society to determine which acts are considered criminal. Explain how choice theories of crime affect society. The common models that societies use to determine which acts are considered criminal are based in basic human rights. We instinctively know that heinous crimes such as murder are fundamentally wrong. Yet the concept of having the God given right to pursue happiness and our desires must have a limit. So in general, laws reflect respect for others rights as well, ensuring that we can all both pursue our personal happiness without encroaching on our neighbors rights. In order to promote law enforcement, one of two models are usually chosen. In the centralized model, one or two agencies work in tandem to perform street enforcement, traffic duty, and criminal investigation. In the decentralized model the duties of patrol and traffic are handled by police departments, sheriffs, and constables, while investigation is performed by a separate state department. Rational Choice Theory: The rational choice theory describes why some people choose to commit crime. In its most basic form, the concept is that people will commit crimes if they are given the motive, opportunity, and the risk of being caught or punished is minimal or is outweighed by the circumstances. The motivation...
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...The essay will discuss the meanings of intention, motive and malice as used in the law of torts. The law of tort is concerned with civil wrongs, in the sense that a wrong or tort is committed against an individual (which includes legal entities such as companies) rather than the state. The importance of the Law of tort is that individuals have certain interests or rights which are protected by Law. These interests are protected by a court awarding a sum of money, known as damages, for infringement of ones rights. Alternatively, by the issuing of an injunction, which is a court order, to the defendant to refrain from doing something. It is important to take note of the Latin words, damnum and injuria as used in tort. Damnum means damage caused or suffered, and injuria means a right of action or claim. This is because there are some cases in which the defendant’s act or omission may have infringed or caused damage to the claimant but the claimant may have no action as the interest affected may not be one protected by Law. In Law this position is referred to as damnum sine injuria meaning damage suffered without violation of a legal right. For example; A opens a fish and chips shop in the same street as B’s fish and chips shop. A reduces his prices with the intention of putting B out of business. A has committed no tort as losses caused by lawful business competition are not actionable in tort On the other hand, there are also cases where the defendant’s act or omission causes...
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...to their programs. While it is unlikely that the average person will get "hacked," some large businesses and organizations receive multiple hacking attempts a day. In this instance the organization falls under health care, with digital medical records becoming more and more common this allow massive amounts of personal data to become vulnerable to hackers. This paper will cover not only hackers but the motivations of the hackers and ways to help defend and prevent. Medical records have become similar to finding gold during the California gold rush for identity thieves. This is exactly why healthcare provider’s cyber-attacks have become more and more frequent. These data breaches exposes millions of records that are used by cyber criminals for illegal activities. But why is the data in health care so important? A data Breach in the healthcare industry causes major threat of financial issues for the organization attacked but also an instant inconvenience for those who choose to entrust the organization with personal information that was breached. A particular health care...
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...Why crime is a contested subject A crime in a broad understanding is an act that violates a political or moral law of any one person or social grouping. In the narrow sense, a crime is a violation of criminal law; in many nations, there are criminal standards of bad behaviour. However, a crime can be the action of violating or breaking a law. According to Western system of law, there must be a simultaneous concurrence of both guilty action and guilty mind for a crime to have been committed; Some people will say that manslaughter is not the case, for example if an individual hits someone he did not mean to kill them, however the intent to cause harm was there. In order for prosecution, some laws require proof of cause and effect relating the defendant's actions to the criminal event in question. In addition, some laws require that attendant circumstances have occurred, in order for a crime to have taken place. Also, in order for a crime to be prosecuted, proof of a crime must be established. There are six dominant constructions of crime as we see it; * Crime as a social construct * Crime as a violation of moral codes * Crime as ideological censure * Crime as a criminal law violation * Crime as historical invention * Crime as social harm There are different theories of criminology as these are as follows Positivism, Conservatism, Strain theory; new deviancy theory and Marxism, these theories each have a view on what crime should be defined as. Crime...
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...challenging, the criminal had to have a lot of patience, time and energy to go through obtaining the data, that is just one phase and there was no authenticity for it. But then again the people at that time had limited information which made it much easier to pull it...
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...Informants Information is the currency that criminal investigators deal in. Information is needed to solve crimes and lock up criminals. The best information comes from honest citizens providing the truth to the police to make their community a safer place. This information comes from victims of crimes and alert witnesses of crimes or suspicious behavior. Informants are another source of information. Informants can make an investigator look like a hero when they provide good information, but they're typically rather needy and difficult to handle. Informants come from all walks of life. In evaluating an informant, the wise investigator must first try to understand what is motivating a person to become an informant. The best and most altruistic informants are trying to clean up their neighborhood or workplace or just want a bad person off the street. Other informants use the police to exact revenge against someone who angered them. This sort of informant knows something about another person and is going to teach that person a lesson. Sometimes, drug dealers will even give information against rival drug dealers in an effort to get police to eliminate the competition. Mercenary informants will wait until there is a large reward to come forward with information. There is a danger of diminishing returns when the reward money used to solve crimes and becomes more than several thousand dollars. The problem with huge rewards is that many mercenary informants will try to play “tip...
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...contemporary analysis of the term “white collar crime” is as pertinacious as various concepts within the realm of the Criminal Justice System. According to fbi.gov, there are a host of crimes ranging from health care fraud to computer crime amassed under the umbrella of white collar crime. In addition, the term is widely utilized by both criminologists and sociologists alike, incorporating a mass of non-violent behaviors related to pecuniary fraud. Beyond the fundamental description, currently there is a pervasive inaptness and disciplinary criticism of the definition and application of white collar crime. An assortment of criminologists with the focal point being on state and federal law, contend that many of the behaviors society believes to be white collar crimes are in fact not crimes at all. Short of a statute to delineate whether specific conduct is labeled as a criminal violation of law, behaviors tend to be categorized by individual standards rather than in the context. An individual evaluation of what is or is not deviant allows for a subjective approach that softens the scientific objectivity of criminology (Tappan 1977). Furthermore, the Criminal Justice system was assembled upon the foundation of individual culpability. This presents difficulties when criminal acts involve cooperative intricacies. The penalty phase in regards to the corporate criminal action was not intended to impose sanctions against groups or organizations. Rather, sociologists contend the term itself...
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...Order (d) The Role of Law, the Definition of Crime, and the Image of the Criminal (e) Causal Logic (f) Criminal Justice System Implications, including Criminal Justice Policy and Correctional Ideology and Techniques of Crime Control (g) Criticism/evaluation (a) Carlisle, A. L. (1993). The Divided Self: Toward an Understanding of the Dark Side of a Serial Killer. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 17(2), 23-36. (b) Hale, Robert L. (1993). The Application of Learning Theory to Serial Murder. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 17(2), 37-45. (c) Linden, Rick. (2012). Criminology: A Canadian Perspective (7th ed.). Toronto: Nelson (d) Feminism & Psychology (e) DOI: 10.1177/09593535091022242009; 19; 267 (f) Feminism Psychology (g) Ross Bartels and Ceri Parsons (h) The application of learning theory to serial murder “you too can learn to be a serial killer” Robert Hale * Popular ideas see killings by deranged or irrational individual * This article: killer behaving in a manner which makes sense to killer perceived to be wrong * Viewed as senseless and violent form of criminal behavior * Holmes and DeBurger * Published comprehensive examination of serial murder * Rooted in Sigmund Freud * Furthered in Dollar and Miller’s theory of “frustration-aggression” * Internalized humiliation is a motive Serial murder reviewed * Category of multicide * Differentiates...
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