...the authentication process and the related hardware and software to go along with it. Identification and Authentication Authentication is the process of the system or program recognizing the user and granting them access, which has been predetermined by access controls. It begins with two major parts; Identification and Authentication. Identification is the process in which the system recognizes the user and gives them access according to Abstract object that are controlled by the administrators of the files and systems. Privileges will be granted based on their user account having been verified. This process is usually a user ID. The system recognized the ID and knows the access right and privileges of that individual that have been verified. The Authentication begins once the user account ID has been identified. This is the process in which the user credentials are actually verified, meaning the specific attributes of their specific user account and authenticated and verified to make sure the access rights are correct. This process uses a password or some sort of credential such as, a PIN, Certificate, or ticket. The system needs to authenticate the identity of the user by verifying their credentials. (Todorov, 2011). Authentication can be completed by a system in many different ways. As explained earlier, a simple password or form of identifying the person specifically is used a front line authentication method. This is also known as a Single Sign-on Authentication...
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...Unit 1 Assignment 1.1 Identification, Authentication, and Authorization Techniques. Access Security / IS3230T There are numerous techniques that the Information Technology industry can use in order to substantiate an entities identity, have the ability to authenticate that entity and provide the appropriate authorization for that entity to have access to a networks resource. There are many diverse techniques that are obtainable to accomplish this task. First of all we need to define what authentication accurately is. Authentication is the ability to verify the identity of a user or a computer system on a computer network. (Barker, 2013) There are many forms or variations that authentication can manifest itself depending on the requirements as outlined in the Security Policy published by the business. Most commonly these would include one, two, or three factor configurations to verify the identity of the person requesting access to a resource. If everything associated with the authentication factors are valid and correct for the claimed identity, it is then assumed that the accessing person is who they claim to be. (Stewart, 2011) Some of the most common authentication factors would be something you know such as a password, something you have such as a smart card, and something you are such as a fingerprint. Identification is the act of claiming an identity using just one authentication factor and authentication is the act of proving a claimed identity...
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...SECURED AUTHENTICATION: 3D PASSWORD INTRODUCTION: Users nowadays are provided with major password stereotypes such as textual passwords, biometric scanning, tokens or cards (such as an ATM) etc. Current authentication systems suffer from many weaknesses. Textual passwords are commonly used; however, users do not follow their requirements. Users tend to choose meaningful words from dictionary or their pet names, girlfriends etc. Ten years back Klein performed such tests and he could crack 10-15 passwords per day. On the other hand, if a password is hard to guess, then it is often hard to remember. Users have difficulty remembering a password that is long and random appearing. So, they create short, simple, and insecure passwords that are susceptible to attack. Which make textual passwords easy to break and vulnerable to dictionary or brute force attacks. Graphical passwords schemes have been proposed. The strength of graphical passwords comes from the fact that users can recall and recognize pictures more than words. Most graphical passwords are vulnerable for shoulder surfing attacks, where an attacker can observe or record the legitimate user’s graphical password by camera. Token based systems such as ATMs are widely applied in banking systems and in laboratories entrances as a mean of authentication. However, Smart cards or tokens are vulnerable to loss or theft. Moreover, the user has to carry the token whenever access required. Biometric scanning...
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... Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2014 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company www.jblearning.com All rights reserved. Page 2 Key Concepts Authorization policies that apply access control to systems, application, and data The role of identification in granting access to information systems The role of authentication in granting access to information systems Authentication factor types and the need for twoor three-factor authentication The pros and cons of the formal models used for access controls Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2014 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company www.jblearning.com All rights reserved. Page 3 Defining Access Control The process of protecting a resource so that it is used only by those allowed to do so Prevents unauthorized use Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2014 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company www.jblearning.com All rights reserved. Page 4 Four Parts of Access Control Access Control Component Authorization Identification Authentication Accountability Description Who is approved for access and what can they use? How are they identified? Can their identities be verified? How are actions traced to an individual to ensure that the person who makes data or system changes can be identified? Fundamentals of Information Systems Security © 2014 Jones and Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning...
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...IBM Zone Trusted Information Channel (ZTIC) CASE You may have heard of Man in the Middle attacks, meet Man in the Browser attacks (MitB). The term has been around since 2005, but not used much. That's changing, thanks to current crimeware, considered a form of MitB attack. According to Wikipedia, MitB is: "A trojan that infects a web browser and has the ability to modify pages, modify transaction content or insert additional transactions, all in a completely covert fashion invisible to both the user and host application. A MitB attack will be successful irrespective of whether security mechanisms such as SSL/PKI and/or Two or Three Factor Authentication solutions are in place." I covered an instance where crimeware played a part in stealing almost a half million dollars in this post. In my next article, I discussed Zeus and URLZone, possibly the crimeware used in the half million dollar hoist. In this article, I would like to dig deeper into possible solutions. Protect ourselves Since it's our money, we need to take the initiative. Doing everything we can to protect our hard-earned savings. Once we have our personal situations in the best shape possible, we can bug the banks to get their act together. The obviously solution is to not bank on-line. That's a great idea, but what about our service personnel or anyone who cannot physically get to their bank? Besides, we should not have to succumb to cybercriminals. With that in mind, let's look at some of the...
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...1. What types of technology could big retailers use to prevent identity thieves from purchasing merchandise? Big retailers should implement a secure authentication technology to protect themselves from identity thieves or any other unauthorized persons making purchases. Authentication should be layered, utilizing two or more factors, consisting of something the authorized user knows, something they physically have, and/or something they “are” or biometrics (Baltzan, 2012). Some multi-factor authentication technologies include security tokens (hard or soft), mobile authentication (including digital certificates), and biometric means (finger print, facial recognition) (Rouse, n.d.). 2. What can organizations do to protect themselves from hackers looking to steal account data? In order to protect themselves and account data from hackers, organizations should, first, ensure that employees are trained and educated on the information security plan and that information security policies are in place and strictly enforced (Baltzan, 2012). Secondly, the organization should utilize prevention and resistance technologies such as “content filtering, encryption, and firewalls” (Baltzan, 2012, p. 151). 3. Authorities frequently tap online service providers to track down hackers. Do you think it is ethical for authorities to tap an online service provider and read people’s email? Why or why not? Ethics are relative to one’s culture and societal norms. Therefore, when the members...
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...Cloud computing security is the set of control-based technologies and policies designed to adhere to regulatory compliance rules and protect information, data applications and infrastructure associated with cloud computing use. http://searchcompliance.techtarget.com/definition/cloud-computing-security https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/topthreats/csathreats.v1.0.pdf Threats from cloud computing IaaS providers offer their customers the illusion of unlimited compute, network, and storage capacity — often coupled with a ‘frictionless’ registration process where anyone with a valid credit card can register and immediately begin using cloud services. Some providers even offer free limited trial periods. By abusing the relative anonymity behind these registration and usage models, spammers, malicious code authors, and other criminals have been able to conduct their activities with relative impunity. PaaS providers have traditionally suffered most from this kind of attacks; however, recent evidence shows that hackers have begun to target IaaS vendors as well. Future areas of concern include password and key cracking, DDOS, launching dynamic attack points, hosting malicious data, botnet command and control, building rainbow tables, and CAPTCHA solving farms. Threat #3: Malicious Insiders Description The threat of a malicious insider is well-known to most organizations. This threat is amplified for consumers of cloud services by the convergence of IT...
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...Disaster Securing and Protecting Information Sherry Stender CMGT 400 December 10, 2012 Dr. Derek Sedlack Disaster Securing and Protecting Information Authentication, verifying a user’s identity, is an important way to establish trust in business processes. Authentication is the process of verifying a user’s claim of identity and is most commonly implemented through a username and password combination when logging into a business’ system or application. While the password and username combination is the most common, there are various other methods of authentication such as: voice recognition, a token device, or swiping a smart card. Authentication is based on the principle that a proper form of identification is not produced by the user that the system will not correlate an authentication factor with a specific subject. Many factors can contribute to a system’s security, but the authentication is a key element to the success of a secure information system. Authentication is vital for maintaining the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of a business’ IT infrastructure. The application of access controls includes 4 processes: * Identification- obtaining the identity of the user that is seeking access to a physical or logical area * Authentication- confirming the user’s identity that is requesting access to a physical or logical area * Authorization- determining which specific actions can be performed by the authenticated user in a specific logical or...
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...Vulnerability Assessment for Jacket-X Corporation University of Maryland University College Abstract The Jacket-X Corporation is a manufacturer of industrial-grade gloves, jackets, and other safety-related clothing applications. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) at Jacket-X is concerned with the current Information Technology (IT) security implementations and procedures. He has valid concerns due to reports from Human Resources (HR) stating financial issues with last year’s payrolls. There are also concerns with external network vulnerabilities that possibly can give hackers unauthorized access to company data and information. The CIO has internal IT security concerns due to a recent incident with an executive employee infecting the company’s network with malicious software from a company issued laptop. To help stay current with technology and compliant with federal laws Jacket-X decided to install a new Identity Management (IdM) system with Single Sign On (SSO) features. Several employees and customers do not like the new IdM system due to having privacy and data access concerns. This paper will analyze and discuss potential threats and vulnerabilities within the Jacket-X Corporation enterprise network. The paper will identify various IT security measures that will address the known threats and vulnerabilities. There will be discussions and recommendations made for choosing the best IdM system for Jacket-X. These discussions will also consist of the company addressing...
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...ANTIA, GODWIN COURSEWORK ASSINGMENT 2013 USER AUTHENTICATION: DOING US A DISSERVICE INTRODUCTION: Several Years ago the growth of internet wasn’t rapidly and there were few limited online application. Today, almost everything that can be done offline has an online counterpart. This goes from simple email, access to paying your bill online (Roger ,M.and Carlos,C., 2007). Therefore, authentication is a process in which a user is asked to identify itself by providing certain details. Authentication has become the most integral part of all web based application nowadays. The most used form of authentication is the password and pin approach. Internet usage and online application are experiencing spectacular growth worldwide; there are over a billion internet users at present which utilises the use of the internet. Authentication is necessary in our everyday business because it will cut down the rate of identity theft and also stabilize confidentiality. User authentication faces a major problem as many security geniuses came out to proof that no single security completely protects users from theft. This essay will describe the limitations that can occur in practice of authenticating a user. It will help improve the reader’s knowledge on issue with authentication process, which is done according to the level of authentication. It will review the state of practice of a user authentication; also evaluate the authentication process with three website such as Facebook, Barclays bank...
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...SECURITY AND SOCIAL ENGINEERING US Department of Commerce Office of Security Updated 09/26/11 Security is Everyone's Responsibility – See Something, Say Something! 1 Objectives Understand the principles of social engineering Define the goals of social engineering Recognize the signs of social engineering Identify ways to protect yourself from social engineering Security is Everyone's Responsibility – See Something, Say Something! 2 What is Social Engineering 1. At its core it is manipulating a person into knowingly or unknowingly giving up information; essentially 'hacking' into a person to steal valuable information. • Psychological manipulation • Trickery or Deception for the purpose of information gathering Security is Everyone's Responsibility – See Something, Say Something! 3 What is Social Engineering 2. It is a way for criminals to gain access to information systems. The purpose of social engineering is usually to secretly install spyware, other malicious software or to trick persons into handing over passwords and/or other sensitive financial or personal information Security is Everyone's Responsibility – See Something, Say Something! 4 What is Social Engineering 3. Social engineering is one of the most effective routes to stealing confidential data from organizations, according to Siemens Enterprise Communications, based in Germany. In a recent Siemens test, 85 percent of office workers were duped...
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...John Wilson Joel Stone Courtney Lindenman 10/29/12 Exercise 4-3 Introduction The purpose of this exercise is to figure out how to structure our marketing mix variables and successfully engage in marketing tactics. First we will state our positioning statement. Secondly, we will show our objectives and tactics for each P of the marketing mix elements. Next, we will talk about how our marketing mix creates a sustainable competitive advantage. Lastly, we will talk about how our marketing tactics achieve desired marketing outcomes. Positioning Statement “We can better serve the needs of baby boomers than our competitors in terms of privacy, relationship building, access to information and simplicity.” Baby boomers have needs. We want to change our positioning statement because in retrospect our initial positioning statement did not really all of the baby boomer needs we identified. We can co-create value by helping fulfill these needs. Table 1 shows a simple table defining the needs. In short they are: Relationship Building, Simplicity, Access to Information, and Privacy/Security. (Table 1: Needs) |Needs |Definition of the need |Gender |Justification that it is a need |Source/Citation | | | |Affected | | | |Relationship |Using technology to |Both |Baby boomers...
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...Contractor, Temporary, or Volunteer worker requiring VPN access, must fill out a compulsory form in Human Resources prior to be granted access. They will require a UMW sponsor who must submit the request to the ISO for final approval. Once approved, they will be entered into Banner whereby an account will then be created in Banner and AD. They can get instructions on how to install the required Cisco software client. Users using non-university owned equipment must follow IT Malicious Code Protection Standard. Records logging remote connections must be maintained and reviewed according to the University Monitoring and Logging Procedure. VPN authentication is required in addition to network authentication to remotely access backend servers and is limited to local accounts provisioned by the Server Administrator. Infrastructure equipment authentication is maintained on the TACACS. Local Accounts are provisioned for Network Services staff only. "Remote Access Standard | Information Technologies." Information Technologies. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2014....
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...secure information systems 1 Authentication Describe how and why authentication credentials are used to identify and control access to files, screens, and systems. Include a discussion of the principles of authentication such as passwords, multifactor authentication, biometrics, and single-sign-on. Before being able to access the system, authentication credentials are used to allow the system to verify an individual’s identification credential. During this process the credibility of the user is evaluated. When you authenticate yourself to the system, the system gets the information you have provided to prove that you are who you claim to be. This can be achieved with a simple password. There are three different types of authentication processes. The first is called a single factor. This is your typical password or PIN. Merkow & Breithaupt, (2006) states “Passwords are an example of single-factor authentication, which is simply something that someone knows that is used to gain access to a system with no further requirements for proving identity” (pg. 211). Passwords and PINs are the most basic forms of authentication whereas fingerprints and retinal scan are more complex forms of authentication. A default password or PIN along with a username can be given by the admin for an individual to gain access onto the system. The individual should change that password after logging in for the first time. Even with this authentication passwords have known to be problematic...
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...Program Kudler Fine Foods prides itself on delivering the finest in specialty foods from around the world. In continuing with the tradition of providing the best for their customers Kudler has decided to develop a Customer Loyalty Program. This program will consist of a loyalty points program with said point being accrued from purchases made from Kudler. The customer will have to sign up for the program and after doing so will have their purchases tracked and with each purchase will collect loyalty points that can later be used towards high value items provided by vendors of a loyalty points partner program. The reasoning for not having points used as a discount on in store purchases is because “price is not the primary differentiating factor for Kudler consumers; these consumers are focused on quality and finding specialized items” (Kudler Fine Foods Sales and Marketing, 2013). With the above statement on how the proposed program is to work, our team in conjunction with the program development team has...
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