Muslim Ascendency

After the tragic collapse of the Muslim world during the thirteenth and fourteenth century, the Muslim worlds history was reversed. It was during the thirteenth and fourteenth century that the Muslim world lost its long reigning dominance. It was regained after the death of Timur Lang. The Muslim world emerged into a period of ascendency. For the next few centuries, 14th-17th centuries, the Muslim world expanded dramatically. Islam became deeply rooted in the regions as diverse as West Africa, East Africa, Central Asian, South Asian, and Southeast Asia. It was due to the large expansion, strong economic and political power and influence, and remarkable intellectual culture that the Muslim world became hegemonic. One can see how the Muslim world had such a strong power by scrutinizing the Ottoman Empire and their dramatic expansion, strong economic and political power, and intellectual advances. The rebirth of the Ottoman Empire, after the death of Timur Lang, became the most powerful development in the Muslim world. In the sixteenth century, the Ottoman Empire was one of the two most powerful empires in the world, expanding the Empire severely. In 1517, the Ottoman Empire defeated the Mamlukes, during the battles in Syria and Egypt. The Mamlukes did not use gunpowder weapons because of the cavalrymen, consequences led to downfall. This victory for the Ottoman was massive; Selim now gained control over the holy sites, or hijaz, including Mecca and Medina, and now was the guardian to the pilgrimage routes. The society of the Ottoman was quite diverse, from Turks, Arabs, Greeks, Slavs and Berbers, including many other small groups. There were many religions in the Ottoman at the time, but the two most dominant were the Muslim and the Christian community. The Muslim world was seen as multipolar this is because of the many states and leaders that