...delivery in India - effects of Public policy, IT and Insurance Bhavik Kaul 1 Gaurav Dalvi 2 Great Lakes Institute of Management, Chennai October 2012 Abstract The global healthcare industry has greatly transformed itself into a professional service system, wherein each stakeholder has to justify its performance. In the increasingly globalized market, private healthcare providers have started dominating the supply side. Healthcare sector in India needs to be reoriented globally towards excellent service promotions and healthcare be made available at lower cost. With this view we plan to study the impact of various factors on the quality of healthcare delivery in India over the next decade. This research will attempt to verify the impact of the mentioned crucial factors on the Healthcare delivery in India through an empirical research and provide some assessment of the deficit in access to health services through structured integrated way called the Gaps Model of Service Quality which will take into account significant gaps identified & suggest methods to close the gaps. These suggestions will be used to make recommendations towards a 10 year incremental National Health Plan. 1. Theory & Hypothesis The 3 areas that we intend to include into our study of the healthcare landscape are – 1) Public Policy 2) Insurance 3) Healthcare Information Technology Systems (HIT) a. Hypothesis 1: Favorable National Health policies will have a positive impact on the quality...
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...What model of healthcare does US and your chosen country have? America’s healthcare model is so disorganized that we have a little bit of Beveridge, Bismarck, National Health Insurance, and Out of Pocket models. The working class is considered to be generally in the Beveridge model. Americans who receive Medicare or Medicaid are considered to be on the National insurance model. Americans with no health insurance are on the Out of Pocket model, (Reid, 2008). Germany has the Bismarck model. This model is to ensure that all people have comprehensive coverage. Germany has what they call a sickness fund that both the employer and the employee fund through withholding. Features are quality care, low cost, claims paid without question, fixed prices, private healthcare providers, and strict governance of insurance sold on a nonprofit basis. Physicians acquire a costless education, have essentially no departmental obligations, and are hardly ever brought into litigation, (Reid, 2008). 1b. In four sentences total describe the Beveridge, Bismarck, National Insurance, and Out of Pocket models. Beveridge model is not based on whether or not a person can pay but based on medical necessity. (The Beveridge Model, 2010) Bismarck model has a sickness fund which is paid by both employer and employee through withholdings, (Kevin M.D.com, 2011). National Insurance consists of Medicare and Medicaid put in place by the government, (The National Health Insurance Model, 2011)...
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...University of Phoenix Data Systems Learning Team Paper Team A: Renee Wilson, Ferdinand Habijan, Maryrose DeFino, Stasia Bowling HCI 520 Data Management and Design January 16, 2012 Steven Fowler Introduction This paper will address data systems; a database is an organized group of files that are related and considered the supporting constructs of a database management system. It is maintained and considered an integral part of most organizations worldwide. The database management system houses a program that enables storage, modification, and extraction of information from a database. In this paper team A will address database the phases of the database life cycle, and provide a conceptual representation for a database system. Team A focused on relational data model utilizing the Oracle database management system. Implementation of a Database System The purpose of the implementation phase is to make the new system available to a prepared set of users. In this phase the construction and installation of the new database system is initiated according to the plan and design that represents all aspects of the organization, including its interactions with the external environment, this requires matching the design requirements with the best available implementing tools and then using those tools for the implementation. There are several basic steps to implementation of a database system. Determine the need, for developing a new system; identifying user needs;...
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...Health Care Spending HCS/ 440 Health Care Spending In our society today, heath care is one of the top major concerns within the United States. Many individuals do not always agree with the decisions made for health care, the more concerned issues are the increase and where the money will be coming from to pay the costs of increase. Patient’s costs has doubled more in the U.S than any other country along with leaving some people without health care. This paper will discuss health care expenditures, as well as spending is too much or not enough. This paper will also discuss whether or not the nation should add or cut in certain areas and why. How the public need for health care are financed and the percentage of expenditures they represent. Lastly, I will provide future economic needs of the health care system along with reasoning for addressing these needs, and envisions for financing these needs. The spending for health care uses a great deal of the economy revenue, the national studies that have been completed within the past decade clearly shows many U.S citizens will have to make decisions that are disconcerting based on their ability to obtain affordable health care. As health care cost has been on the rise for many years. The expenditures in the United States to health care rose above $2 trillion in 2008. This has affected many families and businesses as well as the budget for the public. Health care spending cost are increasing at a more rapid rate than the economy...
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...Medical Out-of-Pocket Expenses, Poverty, and the Uninsured∗ Kyle J. Caswell† and Brett O’Hara SEHSD Working Paper 2010-17‡ U.S. Census Bureau Washington, D.C. December 29, 2010 Abstract The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) Panel on Poverty and Family Assistance argued that the current official U.S. poverty measure should be updated to capture changes in the population’s healthcare costs and needs; families with sufficiently high medical out-ofpocket (MOOP) expenditures may be ‘poor’ even though they are not counted as such. This research offers three distinct advances toward achieving the NAS recommendations as they concern MOOP spending. Firstly, this paper uses the newly collected MOOP expenditure data from the CPS ASEC, and analyzes its quality vis-` -vis alternative sources. Secondly, a poverty estimates that incorporate the MOOP spending data from the CPS ASEC are produced in such a way as to be consistent with the NAS recommendations. These direct estimates are an improvement over previous estimates, conditional on obtaining high-quality data, because modeling MOOP expenditures from other surveys is not needed. Third, this paper investigates how the distribution of MOOP expenditures, and the poverty estimates, change when it is assumed that the uninsured have the spending patterns of the insured. The main results are: 1) the new MOOP expenditure data is high quality; 2) incorporating observed MOOP expenditures increases the incidence of poverty across the population...
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...University of Phoenix Data Systems Learning Team Paper Team A: HCI 520 Data Management and Design January 16, 2012 Introduction This paper will address data systems; a database is an organized group of files that are related. It is maintained and considered an integral part of most organizations worldwide. In Data Base Management, programs enable you to store, modify, and extract information from a database. In this paper team A will address database types, demonstrate a conceptual representation for a database system. We focused on relational data model to explain how DBMS organizes information in different formats and design models. Implementation of a Database System The purpose of the implementation phase is to make the new system available to a prepared set of users. In this phase the construction and installation of the new database system is initiated according to the plan and design that represents all aspects of the organization, including its interactions with the external environment, this requires matching the design requirements with the best available implementing tools and then using those tools for the implementation. There are several basic steps to implementation of a database system. Determine the need, for developing a new system; identifying user needs; developing the contextual and external and internal level schemas; translation of the internal level schema into the actual databases...
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...Running head: HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY PAPER Health Care Industry Paper Tanya James University Of Phoenix Online HCS/449 Capstone Group ID: BSDD148BE8 Karen Gibble Aug 04, 2012 Health Care Industry Paper The health care industry has been around for decades and has gradually started changing to improve the quality of care for patients, doctors and nurses. More specialty physicians, male nurses and hospitals have been built since 1900’s to now 2012. The first hospital in the United States was built in 1751 which we are in 2012 and has established a total of 5,754 hospitals. Within the changes and advances of the building and creating of health care industry a lot has changed. To begin with technology; how technology change the way the patients are cared for and the uninsured that is not being cared for because they do not have coverage. This paper will explain the changes in health care in the last ten years and also in the next ten years what to expect. How has health care changed in the last 10 years? In the last ten years health care has changed by new developments of technology being introduced. Health care insurance plans have also changed with the amount of uninsured that does not have coverage and the cost of premiums how it has increased and decreased within the last ten years. Health care organizations has been complying with the rules and regulations to keep up with changes of implementing the electronic medical records that the government has made it mandatory...
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...“Impact of the Health Care Reform on Social Insurance versus Private Insurance” Introduction: Health care cost in the United States continues to spiral out of control. It has become a national crisis for the Unites States government to solve. Medicare, a government health care national program funded by taxpayers is no longer a sufficient funding pool to support the elderly and retirees. In 2012, Medicare program has a growth deficit spending, which totaled $492 billion and expected to hit $895 billion in 2022. Medicare reform was a signature discussion amongst last year presidential candidates. Now we once again asked ourselves the question will healthcare reform work this time? More importantly, should the US government reform existing health care into a social healthcare program, similar to our neighboring country, Canada? Or whether the US government should continue supporting the health care hybrid model: public health care and private health care. Under the public health care, the government continues to subsidies healthcare coverage through Medicare program to the elderly and the retirees. Under the private health care, private corporations continue with employer-based insurance program to provide coverage for the working population? As we know it today the costs of health care continue to soar and the costs are not uniform across the population. With the increasing prevalence of chronic illness amongst the aging population, about 30 percent of the population...
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... SYLLABUS OF THE 1ST YEAR TRIMESTER – I CODE MBA-011 MBA-021 MBA-031 MBA-041 MBA-051 MBA-061a MBA-061b PAPER Principles and Practices of Management Quantitative Techniques for Managerial Decision Making. Managerial Economics Human Resource Management Accounting for Management Seminar on Executive Communication Workshop on Information Technology for Management CREDITS 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 MARKS 100 100 100 100 100 50 50 TRIMESTER – II CODE MBA-072 MBA-082 MBA-092 MBA-102 MBA-112a MBA-112b PAPER CREDITS Quantitative Methods and Operations Research 4 Economic Environment for Business 4 Production and Operations Management 4 Financial Management 4 Seminar on Negotiation Skills 2 Workshop on Management Information Systems 2 o Introduction to Retail Management (R. Mgt.)* 4 SECTORAL SUBJECT – 1 MARKS 100 100 100 100 50 50 100 o Principles of Banking and Insurance (B & I)* o Introduction to IT and Telecommunications (IT & Tel)* o Introduction to Infrastructure (Infra. Mgt.)* o Industrial Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology (Pharma. Mgt.)* o Hospital Planning and Organization (Hosp. Mgt.)* MBA-122 *R. Mgt= Retail Management; B&I= Banking & Insurance; IT & Tel.= IT & Telecommunication; Infra. Mgt.=Infrastructural Management; Pharma. Mgt.=Pharmaceutical Management; Hosp. Mgt.=Hospital Management. TRIMESTER – III CODE MBA-133 MBA-143 MBA-153 MBA-163a MBA-163b PAPER Legal Aspects of Business Marketing Management Organizational Behaviour Seminar on Business Research Methodology...
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...CONTROLLING HEALTH CARE COSTS WHILE PROMOTING THE BEST POSSIBLE HEALTH OUTCOMES American College of Physicians A White Paper 2009 Controlling Health Care Costs While Promoting the Best Possible Health Outcomes Summary of Position Paper Approved by the ACP Board of Regents, September 2009 What are the Major Drivers of Health Care Costs? Major drivers of health care costs include: inappropriate utilization especially of advanced medical technology, lack of patient involvement in decision-making, payment system distortions that encourage over-use, high prices for health care services, a health care workforce that is not aligned with national needs, excessive administrative costs, medical liability and defensive medicine, more Americans with declining health status and chronic disease, and demographic changes including an increase in elderly persons. This paper addresses each of these drivers of health care costs and provides recommendations for controlling them. Why Do We Need to Control Health Care Costs? Improvements in health care have the ability to provide opportunities for all people to live better, healthier lives. However, the rate of increase in U.S. spending on health care continues to exceed economic growth at an unsustainable pace. The rate of growth in health care spending is the single most important factor undermining the nation’s long-term fiscal condition. Why Should Controlling Health Care Costs be Linked to Promoting Good Health Outcomes? Increasing pressure...
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...Health Care Utilization Paper Option B Svetlana Leyzerov HCS/235 May 25, 2015 Hanna Matatyaho Health Care Utilization Paper Option B The Behavioral Model of Health Services utilization was developed by Ron Andersen in 1968, and subsequently refined with his colleagues over the years. It is the most widely adopted conceptual framework for studying the use of health services, especially with regard to determining whether or not access to and consumption of health services is fair. The model underwent three revisions, or phases, the first of which was the initial Behavioral Model. Developed in the 1960s, this phase was focused on individual use of the health care services. Phase two was in 1970s, where Anderson collaborated with other colleagues in order to recognize the importance of national health policy, the resources in the health care system, and changes in those over time. A third phase, in 1990s, acknowledged changes in the environment as part of understanding the use of health care services. Although the Behavioral Model of Health Services Use was revised, the core factors that it was built on stayed the same. It is based on a function of predisposing, enabling, and need for health care. The predisposing factors are stronger in tendency for some individuals than in others. It is further subdivided into demographic factors including age, gender, and ethnicity; social factors- education, occupation, and residence mobility; health beliefs-attitude toward the...
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...MASTER IN HEALTH ECONOMICS PROPOSED MASTER STUDIES MASTER IN ECONOMICS (HEALTHCARE) A Review of Healthcare Financing System in Developed Countries and Malaysia. By: Wong Lim Ping Finance Division Ministry of Health Putrajaya May 2011 MASTER IN HEALTH ECONOMICS TABLE OF CONTENT: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Introduction Field of research Objective of study Literature review Scope of research Research Methodology Work Schedule Brief bibliography Wong Lim Ping 790904-13-5151 2 MASTER IN HEALTH ECONOMICS 1.0 INTRODUCTION As Malaysia strikes toward the high income economic through its various initiatives under Government Transformation Programme (GDP) and Economic Transformation Programme (ETP), healthcare has been identify as one of the trust under Mission Cluster Groups (MCG) in driving the nation‟s development path. Healthcare is a very important component of national development and that the creation of a healthy and productive workforce is essential to support and sustain the growth of the nation. In Malaysia, the Government under the Ministry of Health (MOH) is the provider, regulator and funder of the healthcare system, thus, raising the question of dependency of government subsidized healthcare services that serve the inefficiency use of government resources. In year 2009, the government expenditure on healthcare as a percentage of total Gross Domestic products (GDP) is 4.8% of which the 1.8% is from the government expenditure and 3% from...
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...every reason to continue the current trend. This paper will analyze the current hospital services industry from an economic perspective and focus on potential points of improvement. Discussion The United States increased expenditures in the hospital services industry is growing at a concerning rate and isn’t showing any signs of slowing down. According to the National Health Center for Statistics, the national health expenditure as a percent of gross domestic product (GDP) has grown from 12.1 percent in 1990 to 17.4 percent in 2013 (National Health Center for Statistics, 2014). Economic growth can be measured by using the GDP and the United States’ GDP ratio allocated to health care has continued to rise faster than most other developed nation (Hockenberry & Thorpe, 2014). The continuous growth and comparison to other developed nation is the primary concern for economists. In order to obtain a clear picture of the growth it is beneficial to analyze health care data over the course of several decades. In the table below several data components are analyzed including: the total health expenditures, per capita health expenditures, health as a percent of GDP, health sector employment, and average increase in employment percentage are shown to give an idea of the overall increase in this sector from 1970 to 2007. Table 1 Year | Total Health Expenditures ($Billions) | Per Capita Health Expenditures | Health as % of GDP | Health Sector Employment (000) | Avg. Increase in Employment...
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...Syllabus-MBA (Hospital Administration) PAPER – I: BASIC CONCEPT OF HEALTH -Code MHA 101 Concept of Health and Disease • Concept of health & disease and well being. • Natural history of disease and role of hospitals to offer various levels of care • Prevention aspect of diseases • Dynamics of disease transmission • Changing pattern of diseases • Concept of health indicators Preliminary Human anatomy and Physiology • Basic concepts of human anatomy • Basic concepts of human physiology Suggested Reading: Human Anatomy- Prof. Samar Mitra Human Anatomy- Prof. A. K. Dutta Text Book of Human Physiology- Dr. C. C. Chatterjee Common Pathological Conditions • Basic concepts of pathogenesis of common diseases • Basic concepts of interpretation of investigations reports Suggested Reading: Robbin’s Textbook of Pathology – Robbin, Cotran, Kumar Textbook of Microbiology – Ananantanarayan & Paniker Basic concepts of Pharmacology: Commonly used Medicine in a hospital, Narcotic drugs, use and abuse of drugs. Dispensing of medicine, Drugs store, drug stock / purchase of medicine, oxygen, I/V Fluid, Chemicals etc. Suggested Reading: Textbook of Pharmacology: Dr. K. D. Tripathi PAPER – 2: Hospital Based Healthcare & Its changing scenario-Code MHA 102 Overview of Hospital • Concept of Modern Hospital & Privatization in Health Sector • Public Sector Hospitals and Level of care / offered facilities ...
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...Definition of Terms Shaun W. VanDevender HCS/533– Health Information Systems Professor Derrick Dugeon September 1, 2014 Definition of Terms Technology has greatly changed health care in many different ways. This change has been gradual, progressing over several years; it has been very profound, nevertheless. Understanding these changes is important for experienced health professionals and newcomers alike. The following paragraphs will provide some definitions for the following important abbreviations: AMR, CMR, CMS, CMS-1500, CPT, DRG, EPR, HL7, ICD-9, and UB-92. In addition, the importance of each term will be discussed. AMR According to Techtarget.com an ambulatory medical record (AMR) is an electronically stored file of a patient’s outpatient medical records, which includes all surgeries and care that do not involve being admitted to a hospital. An AMR is similar to an electronic medical record (EMR) but while EMRs keep track of inpatient care (surgeries and care that require spending overnight or longer in a hospital), AMRs only apply to medical procedures and care that do not result in an overnight stay in a hospital or that are given in non-hospital settings such as urgent care clinics, physicians’ offices and at-home medical care. AMRs assure that patients receive appropriate care. AMRs provide clinicians information they need to get a complete picture of the patients health. In addition, consumers can use the health information in the AMR to better communicate with...
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