...Chapter 3, Problem 1. Determine Ix in the circuit shown in Fig. 3.50 using nodal analysis. 1 kΩ Ix 9V + _ 2 kΩ + _ 6V 4 kΩ Figure 3.50 For Prob. 3.1. Chapter 3, Solution 1 Let Vx be the voltage at the node between 1-kΩ and 4-kΩ resistors. 9 − Vx 6 − Vx Vk + = 1k 4k 2k Vx Ix = = 3 mA 2k ⎯⎯ Vx = 6 → PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission. Chapter 3, Problem 2. For the circuit in Fig. 3.51, obtain v1 and v2. Figure 3.51 Chapter 3, Solution 2 At node 1, − v1 v1 v − v2 − = 6+ 1 10 5 2 At node 2, 60 = - 8v1 + 5v2 (1) v2 v − v2 = 3+ 6+ 1 4 2 Solving (1) and (2), v1 = 0 V, v2 = 12 V 36 = - 2v1 + 3v2 (2) PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission. Chapter...
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...Node Voltage Analysis (NVA) applicable to linear networks NVA gives you a process for obtaining n equations in n unknowns. The unknowns are the node voltages. Once you have the node voltages, you can find any voltage or current anywhere in the circuit. Process: (Note the key words to remember each step.) 1. Draw Draw the circuit diagram indicating all element and source values. 2. Label Label a reference node, usually ground or a node with the most branches. Then label a node voltage for all the other nodes in the circuit. You must recall the definition of a node voltage: It is the voltage of the node with respect to the reference node. It is not the same thing as the voltage across a branch. In general, the voltage across a branch between nodes 1 and 2will be the difference of the two node voltages on either side: v12 = v1 – v2 3. Dependant Write the controlling quantity of any dependant source in terms of node voltages. You will need to look for the controlling quantity in the circuit to do this. 4. Super Identify all the supernodes. Then write the voltage of the source inside the supernode in terms of the node voltages on either side. You must recall the definition of a supernode: It is any voltage source with the two nodes on either side of it considered as one big node. Note: Any equations that you get in this step will be part of the n equations. 5. Kirchoff Apply...
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...Circuit Analysis using the Node and Mesh Methods We have seen that using Kirchhoff’s laws and Ohm’s law we can analyze any circuit to determine the operating conditions (the currents and voltages). The challenge of formal circuit analysis is to derive the smallest set of simultaneous equations that completely define the operating characteristics of a circuit. In this lecture we will develop two very powerful methods for analyzing any circuit: The node method and the mesh method. These methods are based on the systematic application of Kirchhoff’s laws. We will explain the steps required to obtain the solution by considering the circuit example shown on Figure 1. R1 + Vs R3 R2 R4 _ Figure 1. A typical resistive circuit. The Node Method. A voltage is always defined as the potential difference between two points. When we talk about the voltage at a certain point of a circuit we imply that the measurement is performed between that point and some other point in the circuit. In most cases that other point is referred to as ground. The node method or the node voltage method, is a very powerful approach for circuit analysis and it is based on the application of KCL, KVL and Ohm’s law. The procedure for analyzing a circuit with the node method is based on the following steps. 1. Clearly label all circuit parameters and distinguish the unknown parameters from the known. 2. Identify all nodes of the circuit. 3. Select a node as the reference node also called the ground and...
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...A leader of Logistics and Supply chain management: Ronald H. Ballou Chen Wang University of Windsor ELIP 3 Section 7 Instructor: Mary Wheeler Introduction: Background information Logistics and supply chain management, as a vital business activity, to some extent, has became a new core of business management today, compared with traditional fields such as finance, marketing, and production. Being a theoretical expert and practical leader in the field, Ronald H. Ballou, who is the professor of Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University, has been standing at the top level in modern logistics’ research and application. In academic research, he published more than 50 articles in professional logistics journals and teaching materials he wrote has been using in relative teaching fields. In application area, he is a welcomed consultant to many companies on logistics issues. He is the model of theory- practice bond in the fields. Issue identification It is obvious that there are various components of a typical logistics system, such as inventory control, material handling, plant and warehouse site selection, packaging, traffic and transportation, etc.. Song (2007, p. 11) states that whether these procedures can be reasonably and exactly designed is the key to companies cutting down their costs and creating more value. In simpler words, it refers to reducing redundant spaces and wasteful time. Upon this, Ronald H. Ballou developed the computer software...
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...LINFOX LOGISTIC SOLUTION LINFOX LOGISTIC SOLUTION Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Company Overview 3 3. Situation Analysis 3 3.1 Supply Chain Structure 4 3.1.1 Physical Flow 4 3.1.2 Information flow 5 3.2 Supply chain performance 8 3.2.1 Overall performance 8 3.2.2 Financial performance 9 3.3 Business context 9 4. Identification of main issues and problems 12 4.1 Categorize 12 4.2 Prioritize 12 4.3 Summary issues findings 17 5.Proposed Solutions 18 5.1 Strategy through Lead time reductions and handling delay reductions 18 5.2 Implement Centralised Information logistics Management (CILM) in SAP 18 Proposal based on analysis of Business Solution 21 References 24 Appendix 1 Current State Map for Dispatch Business process 25 Appendix 2 Current State Map for Dispatch Business process 25 1. Introduction Supply chain or Logistics which are providing functional activities such as transportation, inventory control, and integrated information control. These also repeat again and again between the processes of converting raw materials to meet final customers’ need (Ballou, 2004, p.7). Business logistics are constructed by key and support activities and how these activities performance also depended on the structure of organisations. By looking at whole process of value chain, Logistics are acting a major role to creating values for stakeholders, and non-value added process in supply chain also been thought as wastage. Logistics is more...
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...What is logistic? The total management of the key operational function in the supply chain which is procurement, production and distribution. Procurement includes purchasing and product development. The production function includes manufacturing and assembling, while distribution function involves warehousing inventory, transport and delivery. The range of activities involved are: 1) Freight forwarding 2) Customs brokerage 3) Freight auditing and payment 4) Vehicle control and communication 5) Product identification and tracking 6) Information system (optimization in management) 7) Transportation services / brokerage 8) Transportation equipment / leasing 9) Private fleet assets / management 10) Warehousing 11) Order management and fulfillment 12) Cross docking 13) Value added, assembly and configuration 14) Site location Transport principles in logistic The larger the capacity transportation vehicles are less costly per unit of freight than smaller capacity vehicle in economy of scale. In the economy of distance the decrease of transportations coast per unit of weight as distance increase. However, to maximize the size of load and the distance being shipped while still meeting the customer expectation. Land logistic Land logistics is a very important link in logistics activities. It extends the delivery services for air and maritime transport from airports and seaports. The most positive characteristic...
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...PROFESSIONAL DIPLOMA IN INTEGRATED LOGISTICS & SHIPPING MANAGEMENT DECLARATION OF ORIGINAL WORK I, RAJU A/L NALLO (NRIC NO: 810523-10-6053), student Matrix No: PX110511TS619 declare that the project paper title is “A STUDY ON IMPROVING AND CONTROLLING THE RISK OF INJURY TOWARDS EMPLOYEES AND TO REDUCE THE AMOUNT OF MANUAL HANDLING WORKS IN IKEA HANDEL SDN. BHD.” is the result of my own research except as cited in the references. The project paper has fulfilled the requirements as needed by University Teknologi Malaysia – SPACE. Thank you. Yours sincerely, …………………………. Raju A/l Nallo (NRIC NO: 810523-10-6053) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Praise to mighty God. I have managed to complete this research successfully. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to all individuals who have supported me at every stage of my graduate schooling here at University Technology Malaysia-SPACE. Foremost, I am deeply indebted to my adviser Mr. Soomasundaram for the continuous support during my Diploma study and research, for his patience, motivation, enthusiasm and immense knowledge in the subject. His guidance helped me all the time during my research. I could not have imagined having a better mentor for my Diploma’s program. The stage I have grown today is fully attributed to my adviser without whom I might have encountered many troubles in pursuing my stay at UTMSpace and surely wouldn’t have done this fruitful research and practical experience. I have really enjoyed those long...
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...1 a) Give three different examples of how sustainability has been introduced in a supply chain through product redesign (for example changes to packaging and labeling, etc). [10 points] Environmental Sustainability is not only important but it has become a business imperative—part of the "triple bottom line" comprising economic dimensions (profits) as well as environmental and social dimensions. http://www.greenmanufacturer.net/publication/green/issue/9 A sustainable supply chain is one that includes measures of profit and loss as well as social and environmental dimensions (Carter and Rogers 2008; Linton, Klassen, and Jayaraman 2007). For example, in July 2009, retail giant Walmart announced the creation of a sustainability index,which will be rolled out in three phases including a sustainability index for suppliers, a life cycle analysis database, and a labeling system to provide the consumer with the environmental measurement of the product they are purchasing (Bustillo 2009; Walmart n.d.). An example of environmental sustainability is Pretty Products, a manufacturer of floor mats for the automotive industry, was recently featured in Green Manufacturer Magazine (June 10, 2011;www.greenmanufacturer.net/article/machinery-andequipment/ eco-strategies--drive-mat-makeras-u-turn, based in LaGrange, Georgia, was able to use sustainability as the foundation of an innovation and growth strategy to turn the company around and become a leader in the industry. The company was...
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...PART 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Sport Obermeyer must maintain and for that matter increase our hold on the skiwear industry. For that objective to be met it has been determined that changes must occur on a couple of fronts. First an improved forecasting technique must be implemented. Having hot items stock out causing potential customers to purchase competitors product is unacceptable. Taking each buying committee members forecast into account to create an average demand forecast has created a good starting point With the addition of our preferred retailers at the table I feel we would have an even better grip on the customer demands. I would also implement an electronic data communication at the point of sale. This would provide us with real time numbers, numbers that we presently don’t have during our November meetings this would only aid us in our forecasting, as well as during the season we would be able to see which items are selling well early in the season. The second issue is production planning, with long lead times on materials, large minimum orders, a short product life cycle (less than 1 year), and a very large planning cycle (2 years). We must seek out partnerships with raw material providers to facilitate shorter lead times. We must reduce the number of vendors we use. Work with Chinese facilities to reduce minimum orders. With these changes we will see a better understanding of customer demand and the ability to react to demand in a more timely fashion, this is imperative...
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...ALIGNING INCENTIVES IN SUPPLY CHAINS AGENDA OVERVIEW OF ARTICLE MODEL OF ANALASYS (CLASS DISCUSSION) CONCLUSION QUESTION / ANSWER PERIOD CISCO (Mad Monday April 16, 2001) The world’s largest network equipment maker shocked investors when it warned them they would soon be scrapping $2.5 billion of raw surplus (almost 50% of quarterly sales) - which is one of the largest inventory write-offs in US history. How could Cisco misread demand by $2.5 billion, almost half as much as its sales in the quarter? Many experts believed it was due to forecasting errors, or forecasting software problems, or even mismanagement from top executives But were they right in their assumptions? CISCO (What really happened) The truth is Cisco ended up with much more inventory (subassembly boards and semiconductors) then demand required due to supply chain partner’s behaviour in the 18 months leading up to Mad Monday Cisco did not have a manufacturing plant and subcontracted out to multiple third parties who mass produced the components because demand for Cisco products usually exceeded supply Cisco compounded the problem by offering incentives to suppliers who delivered quickly, which gave the suppliers incentives to build buffer stocks. The suppliers also boosted profits by buying in bulk from component suppliers. This turned out to be a win/win situation for the subcontractors and the component suppliers alike. Demand began to...
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...less than its competitors because it benefits hugely from low costs from its suppliers. DVD for less has now outsourced its warehousing and storage activities to an external firm, this firm is called Baselio Logistics who is charging them $500,000 annually for the warehousing of their inventory. This strategic move is going to have a positive impact on the business overall because their costs will decrease drastically. These costs that will decrease include the warehousing costs, average inventory costs and the carrying costs. Previously DVD for less was paying $1.46 million for warehousing and had an average inventory of $5 million of which the carrying cost was $1.25 million. Also under these circumstances their order fill rate was 97% and of the other 3% of the customers, 1% would cancel their orders and 2% would be unhappy but wait for the second delivery all these customers would also be compensated for the company’s mistake with a $35 coupon towards any of their products. Every late order would also have a handling fee of $20 per order so this would be a waste of $55 per customer for every customer that received the incorrect order. This is another extra cost that the company would need to pay. After the company’s warehousing and storage was handled by Baselio Logistics their total costs went down by approximately $2.635 million and their order fill rate jumped up to 99%. The costs that they are now saving on are warehousing (they only pay $500,000 compared to the $1.46million)...
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...Warehouse by Ed Acker Steven Winter Associates, Inc. Last updated: 04-23-2008 Overview Warehouses, defined here, are facilities that provide a proper environment for the purpose of storing goods and materials that require protection from the elements. Warehouses must be designed to accommodate the loads of the materials to be stored, the associated handling equipment, the receiving and shipping operations and associated trucking, and the needs of the operating personnel. The design of the warehouse space should be planned to best accommodate business service requirements and the products to be stored/handled. The economics of modern commercial warehouses dictate that goods are processed in minimal turnaround time. The different types of warehouses include: * Heated and unheated general warehouses—provide space for bulk, rack, and bin storage, aisle space, receiving and shipping space, packing and crating space, and office and toilet space; * Refrigerated warehouses—preserve the quality of perishable goods and general supply materials that require refrigeration. Includes freeze and chill space, processing facilities, and mechanical areas; and * Controlled humidity (CH) warehouses—similar to general warehouses except that they are constructed with vapor barriers and contain humidity control equipment to maintain humidity at desired levels. Special-designed warehouses meeting strict requirements can also provide liquid storage (fuel and nonpropellants), flammable...
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...Executive Summary Barilla SpA, an Italian pasta manufacturer is experiencing problems in manufacturing and distribution systems caused by fluctuations in demand. To eliminate these difficulties Giorgio Maggiali, the Chief of Barilla’s Logistics Department, has been trying to implement the Just-In-Time-Distribution, further referred as JITD, system proposed by his predecessor Brando Vitali. JITD can be called a remake of popular “Just-In-Time” manufacturing concept. Although Maggiali has been trying to convince his consumers that the JITD would definitely work, he has not made much progress. The program was met with significant resistance by the distributors and Barilla’s own Sales and Marketing organizations. Now Maggiali is looking for possible solutions of the problem. In the following analysis we will provide recommendations, which will help Barilla to successfully implement the JITD system and thus decrease its costs, increase efficiencies and its profits. Introduction Barilla SpA was founded in 1975 by Pietro Barilla. From a small shop in Palma, Italy, it became a large, vertically integrated corporation with mills, plants and factories located throughout the Italy. Barilla’s success highly depended on its’ quality of product and innovative marketing programs, which created strong brand name. The company was sold to Grace Inc. in 1971, because the building of a huge plant in Perdignano drove the owners “deeply into debt”. Grace brought additional capital investment...
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...Mgt 215 UMT University Assignment 1 MGT 215. Operations, Logistics and Supply Chain Management November 25, 2012 1) Select a technology from 1850 to the present. Describe how it has affected productivity A technology that comes to mind is server virtualization. We use them every day in the government as we work toward going green, lower cost, increasing productivity. Since the migration to the virtual servers we were able to cut paper files by ¾. We use a digital contract file now instead of a 6 pile folder with hundreds of page. Another reason the army has choosing to go this way is so it can spread the cost of maintenance and repair across several customers with shared servers. This results in a lower price per base. Then there is the Virtual conference, which saves millions of dollar. Now you’re asking how this affect productivity does well with virtual contract files any base has access to them with save on efficiencies, be abilities to collaborate with like minds to gain more knowledge, also to form comradely. (2) Identify the transformation that takes place in a restaurant. In a restaurant you are buying a meal but also the environment and the service. In many cases the value of inputs is measured in financial terms, which is say that organizations aim to make a profit like the Hard Rock Café. To increase efficiency managers are always seeking ways of producing more with the same level of inputs or producing the same amount with fewer inputs. Some...
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...LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT - INTRODUCTION Logistics management is that part of the supply chain which plans, implements and controls the efficient, effective, forward and backward (reverse) flow and storage of goods, services and information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers' requirements rather to the customers’ delight. A professional working in the field of logistics management is called a logistician. Logistics, as a business concept, evolved only in the 1950s. This was mainly due to the increasing complexity of supplying one's business with materials, and shipping out products in an increasingly globalized supply chain, calling for experts in the field who are called Supply Chain Logisticians. This can be defined as having the right item in the right quantity at the right time at the right place for the right price and to the right target customers (consumer); and it is the science of process having its presence in all sectors of the industry. The goal of logistics work is to manage the fruition of project life cycles, supply chains and resultant efficiencies. Logistics is concerned with getting (or transmitting) the products and services where they are needed or when they are desired. It is difficult to accomplish any marketing or manufacturing without logistical support. It involves the integration of information, transportation, inventory, warehousing, material handling, and packaging. The operating responsibility of...
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