...corporation with operations in more than 65 countries, including China and Norway and its headquarters are located in St Paul, MN (3M Website). Because of its innovation, 3M has developed a wide range of products used across many industries. What makes the company stand out is that it measures its progress according to a commitment to meeting the needs of society (3M Website). As it notes on its website, this means that it placed a high value on sustainability, with specific goals to address the challenges of environmental changes (3M Website). 3M has been making the newest businesses its core focus, with the increased need for products and services in the businesses of renewable energy and technology (3M Annual Report). Recent areas of growth have been in Industrials and Transportation Safety, Security and Protection Services, and Health Care (3M Annual Report). 3M also supplies materials used in the solar industry (3M Website). The various career paths at 3M fall under the following categories: Engineering: Corporate, Engineering: Manufacturing/Quality, Finance, Human Resources, Information Technology, Marketing, Communications & Sales, Research & Development, Sourcing Operations and Supply Chain (3M Website). 3M has turned environmental protection into a key business with technology like solar panels and with the large amount of resources it saves through environmental initiatives (3M Annual Report). This involves preventing pollution and waste at its source, which it has...
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...whaling certain nations still continue to kill these animals, primarily Japan, Norway and Iceland. The populations of these animals are becoming...
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...free trade and economic integration to the benefit of its four Member States [1]. The four EFTA States are world leaders in several sectors that is vital to the global economy are Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Iceland, and Norway. Liechtenstein, despite its small size and limited resources, is highly industrialized and specialized in capital-intensive and R&D driven technology and products. The Swiss economy is based on high quality products that are competitive in the world markets. Switzerland is a world leader in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, machinery, watchmaking, banking and insurance. Iceland’s economy benefits from renewable natural resources, in particular rich fishing grounds and hydro and geothermal power. Whilst still relying heavily on fishing and fish processing, the Icelandic economy has increasingly diversified into other industries and services. Norway is abundant in natural resources also contribute significantly to economic strength. Key activities relate to petroleum exploration and production, hydroelectric power and fisheries. Important services sectors include maritime transport, telecommunication and energy-related services [2]. Knowing the highlights of EFTA States, the following discussions and analyses will serve as your guide and basis in doing business with them. This is to discuss how the industry and the company be affected by the various global environment: Economic, Cultural-Social, PoliticalLegal and Financial. I. Economic Environment The...
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...The European Economic Area (EEA) Model The European Economic Area (EEA) was formed in 1994 in order to extend the European Union’s provisions on its internal market to countries in the European Free Trade Area (EFTA). EU legislation relating to the internal market becomes part of the legislation of the EEA countries once they have agreed to incorporate it. Implementation and enforcement are then monitored by specific EFTA bodies and a Joint Parliamentary Committee. The EU and two of its EEA partners — Norway and Iceland — are also linked by various ‘northern policies’ and forums which focus on the rapidly evolving northern reaches of Europe and the Arctic region as a whole. While Switzerland is not part of the EEA, it remains a member of EFTA. More than 120 sectoral bilateral treaties linking the country with the EU incorporate largely the same provisions as those adopted by the other EEA countries in the fields of the free movement of people, goods, services and capital. What does the EEA agreement include? The EEA agreement includes: Free movement of goods, capital, services and persons. Agriculture and fisheries are not covered by the EEA agreement. Common competition regulations (cooperation on the regulation of competition, state aid and monopolies) and harmonizing company law. Cooperation on transport policies. Common veterinary regulations (but as a main rule tariffs on trade in agricultural goods still applies). Cooperation...
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...Internat’l Bus Norway Paper NORWAY – Land of the Midnight Sun Signing the New Constitution on May 17, 1814 marked the beginning of Norway’s mission to gain independence. Sweden had forced a union with Norway on January 14, 1814, after 400 years of Norway being dominated by Denmark. It was in 1905, 108 years ago, before Norway could claim a secured, full independence and become a sovereign nation. Another important event in Norway’s history is their liberation from occupation by Nazi forces after five years, on May 8, 1945. So, it’s easy to understand why the people of Norway value their independence so much. Since Norway signed the Constitution in 1814, legislation resulted in the Prime Minister position. The Prime Minister and Cabinet (consisting of all the most senior government department heads) are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Monarch, to Storting (Parliament), to their political party, and ultimately the electorate. As of 2013, the political leader of Norway and the Head of His Majesty's Government is Prime Minister, Erna Solberg, of the Conservative Party. The King of Norway, Harald V, also Prince of Denmark and Prince of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, succeeded to the throne of Norway upon the death of his father Olav V on January 17, 1991. Norway is a constitutional monarchy that divides responsibility between the parliament (Storting) and the King's Council of State, consists of a prime minister and other...
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...5/6/2013 By : ECONOMIC ANALYST | A PROJECT REPORT | THE ECONOMIC PROFILE OF NORWAY 2012 | GROUP MEMBERS Umar Shaharyar F11Ba120 SUBMITTED TO:SIR FAHAD KAZMI NORWAY INTRODUCTION: The country which we selected is “NORWAY”. Its capital is Oslo and total population is about 4.985 million. Adult population from 15 to 74 ages is about 4.056 million. Norwegians enjoy the second highest GDP per-capita (after Luxembourg) and fourth highest GDP (PPP) per-capita in the world. Today, Norway ranks as the second wealthiest country in the world in monetary value, with the largest capital reserve per capita of any nation. According to the CIA World Factbook, Norway is a net external creditor of debt. Norway maintained first place in the world in the UNDP Human Development Index (HDI) for six consecutive years (2001–2006), and then reclaimed this position in 2009 and 2010. The standard of living in Norway is among the highest in the world. The Norwegian economy is an example of a mixed economy, a prosperous capitalist welfare state featuring a combination of free market activity and large state ownership in certain key sectors. 1. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) GDP is defined as “The market value of all final goods and services produced within the country in the given period of time”. 1. NOMINAL GDP: It is defined as“The production of goods and services valued at current prices”. In Norway Nominal GDP is about 499.8 billion. ...
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...Tobacco Industry in Norway 21st Century Phillip Morris International (PMI) FGH430025 - Org and Man for Performance - 12408 - 201213 A report to identify and critically analyse a key organisational behavioural and/or human resource issue facing Phillip Morris International in Norway Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Background of the Study 3 2.1 PMI Strategy 4 3. Organisational Behaviour and HRM Issues 5 I. Leadership 6 II. Management 7 III. Motivation 11 4. Process involved in the preparation 14 5. Conclusion 15 6. References 16 1. Introduction This report aims to critically analyse Phillip Morris International (PMI) strategies and structure of how they manage the Norwegian consumer market. In this report the key issues that are required to be analysed are PMI leadership and management style for gaining more emerging markets across Scandinavia and Europe. PMI has had an autocratic leadership approach, which has been a controversial matter regarding changing laws and regulations in Norwegian tobacco industry. This report will focus on PMI’s approach to organisation behaviour and Human Resource Management practises through its leadership, management ,and HRM theories into practice and employee motivation as a result of PMI’s strategy to monopolies the entire market as a 21st century organisation. According to Buchanan& Huczynski (2010), “The organization behaviour is the systematic study of formal organisations and of...
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...2013. Origins The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Development Reports of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990 and had the explicit purpose "to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people-centered policies". To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq brought together a group of well-known development economists including: Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Sudhir Anand and Meghnad Desai. Working along with Nobel laureate Amartya Sen, they worked on capabilities and functionings that provided the underlying conceptual framework. Haq was sure that a simple composite measure of human development was needed in order to convince the public, academics, and policy-makers that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well-being. Sen initially opposed this idea, but he went on to help Haq develop the Index. Sen was worried that it was difficult to capture the full complexity of human capabilities in a single index but Haq persuaded him that only a single number would shift the attention of policy-makers from concentration on economic to human well-being.[3][4] Mahbub-ul-Haq Dimensions and calculation Amartya Sen Human Development Index 2 New method (2010 Report onwards)[5]...
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...inclusive Wealth report 2012 measuring progress toward sustainability Summary for DeciSion-makerS unu-iHDP Secretariat of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change conTriBuTorS Science Advisor Partha Dasgupta – university of cambridge Report Director anantha Duraiappah – iHDP executive Director Science Director Pablo muñoz – iHDP academic officer Report Authors matthew agarwala – London School of economics and Political Science Giles atkinson – London School of economics and Political Science/centre for climate change economics and Policy edward B. Barbier – university of Wyoming elorm Darkey – university of Bonn Partha Dasgupta – university of cambridge anantha Duraiappah – iHDP Secretariat Paul ekins – university college London Pablo fuentenebro – iHDP Secretariat Juan Sebastian Lozano – The nature conservancy (colombia) kevin mumford – Purdue university Pablo muñoz – iHDP Secretariat kirsten oleson – university of Hawaii Leonie Pearson – university of melbourne charles Perrings – arizona State university chris Perry – un-Water Decade Programme on capacity Development (unW-DPc) Steve Polasky – university of minnesota Heather Tallis – Stanford university Stacie Wolny – Stanford university Report Review Board John agnew – university of california, Los angeles Peter Bartelmus – Bergische universitaet Wuppertal/columbia university Julia Bucknall – World Bank Dabo Guan – university of Leeds michael Harris – university of Sydney...
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...1. BOP (Balance Of Payment) In economics, the balance of payments, (or BOP) measures the payments that flow between any individual country and all other countries. It is used to summarize all international economic transactions for that country during a specific time period, usually a year. The BOP is determined by the country's exports and imports of goods, services, and financial capital, as well as financial transfers. It reflects all payments and liabilities to foreigners (debits) and all payments and obligations received from foreigners (credits). Balance of payments is one of the major indicators of a country's status in international trade, with net capital outflow.[citation needed] The balance, like other accounting statements, is prepared in a single currency, usually the domestic. Foreign assets and flows are valued at the exchange rate of the time of transaction. IMF definition The IMF definition: "Balance of Payments is a statistical statement that summarizes transactions between residents and nonresidents during a period."[1] The balance of payments comprises the current account, the capital account, and the financial account. "Together, these accounts balance in the sense that the sum of the entries is conceptually zero."[1] * The current account consists of the goods and services account, the primary income account and the secondary income account. * The financial account records transactions that involve financial assets and liabilities and that...
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...Explaining Student Performance Evidence from the international PISA, TIMSS and PIRLS surveys Final Report November 2005 Explaining Student Performance Evidence from the international PISA, TIMSS and PIRLS surveys Jens Henrik Haahr with Thomas Kibak Nielsen, Martin Eggert Hansen and Søren Teglgaard Jakobsen www.danishtechnology.dk jens.henrik.haahr@teknologisk.dk This study was carried out on behalf of the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Education and Culture. Views expressed represent exclusively the positions of the authors and do not necessarily correspond to those of the European Commission. Contents Index 1. .......................................................................................................................... 2 2. 3. 4. Executive Summary................................................................................................. 4 1.1. Education Systems and Basic Skills................................................................. 4 1.2. Student Background Characteristics and Basic Skills.................................... 10 1.3. School Characteristics and Basic Skills ......................................................... 13 1.4. Individual Student Characteristics and Basic Skills....................................... 17 1.5. New Analysis and Data Collection Activities................................................ 19 Introduction........................................................................................
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...1 Comparing internally consistent HR at the Airport Express Train (AET), Oslo, Norway and Southwest Airlines (SA), Dallas, U.S.A. Bård Kuvaas and Anders Dysvik, BI Norwegian School of Management This case study provides a comparison between internally consistent HR in two very different organizations with respect to size (small versus large), age (new versus old), ownership (an independent company reporting to the Norwegian Trading and Business Commerce versus listed), competitive strategy (cost leadership and customer service versus differentiation and customer service), and national context and labor laws (Norway versus the U.S.A.). The main similarity, besides that they both operate in the travel industry, is that they try to achieve competitive advantage through people by implementing internally consistent HR. Internally consistent HR is the degree to which the various HR practices are internally consistent, complementary, and reinforcing each other. Historical background of the SA and AET Despite the severe economic collapse that hit the airline industry in 2009, Southwest Airlines (SA) still prevailed and managed to remain profitable. The results for 2009 marked SA’s 37th consecutive year of profitability. SA was established in 1971, with three Boeing 737 aircrafts. SA became a major airline in 1989 when it exceeded the billion-dollar revenue mark. Southwest is currently the United States’ most successful low-fare, high frequency, point-to-point carrier. SA operates 537...
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...Explaining Student Performance Evidence from the international PISA, TIMSS and PIRLS surveys Final Report November 2005 Explaining Student Performance Evidence from the international PISA, TIMSS and PIRLS surveys Jens Henrik Haahr with Thomas Kibak Nielsen, Martin Eggert Hansen and Søren Teglgaard Jakobsen www.danishtechnology.dk jens.henrik.haahr@teknologisk.dk This study was carried out on behalf of the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Education and Culture. Views expressed represent exclusively the positions of the authors and do not necessarily correspond to those of the European Commission. Contents Index 1. .......................................................................................................................... 2 2. 3. 4. Executive Summary................................................................................................. 4 1.1. Education Systems and Basic Skills................................................................. 4 1.2. Student Background Characteristics and Basic Skills.................................... 10 1.3. School Characteristics and Basic Skills ......................................................... 13 1.4. Individual Student Characteristics and Basic Skills....................................... 17 1.5. New Analysis and Data Collection Activities................................................ 19 Introduction....................................................................
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...It is ranked at 136 along with Equatorial Guinea while Sri Lanka strides ahead Over the past three decades, India has made good progress on the human development index (HDI), says the Human Development Report 2013, released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). However, India’s rank out of 187 countries is no better than last year’s. With a HDI value of 0.554 and a rank of 136 among 187 countries, which it shares with Equatorial Guinea, India is placed in the “medium development” category. There has been steady improvement in its HDI value, which was 0.345 in 1980. In 1950, Brazil, China and India together represented 10 per cent of the world economy, while the six traditional economic leaders of the North accounted for more than half. According to projections in the report, by 2050, Brazil, China and India will together account for 40 per cent of global output, far surpassing the projected combined production of today’s Group of Seven bloc. | | | HDI is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices used to rank countries in four tiers of human development. Since 2011, the UNDP report has included an inequality adjusted HDI, also known as IHDI, which attempts to include the effects of inequality on human development. The IHDI for India this year is 0.392. High gender inequality The country fails miserably on the front of gender equality. On the gender equality index, with a value of 0.610, India has one of the worst indicators...
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...THIRD WORLD COUNTRY ( MADAGASCAR) PUBLIC HEALTH STATUS Public Health Life expectancy at birth has gradually improved from an average of 37.5 years for men and 38.3 years for women in 1966 to an average of fifty-two years for men and fifty-five years for women in 1990 (for a combined average of fifty-four). Malaria remains the most serious tropical disease, although eradication campaigns against mosquitoes waged since 1948 initially resulted in spectacular declines in incidence and a dramatic decrease in the island's mortality rate during a twenty-year period. Indeed, in some regions, especially the central highlands, these campaigns were almost completely successful, although malaria continues to be prevalent in the coastal regions, especially the east coast. As prevention practices faltered during the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, the mosquito staged a comeback. The effect on a population with a significantly reduced resistance to malaria was devastating. For example, the Malagasy Ministry of Health reported 490,000 cases and 6,200 deaths from malaria in 1985, but these figures rose--to 760,000 cases and 11,000 deaths--in 1987. As of 1994, other serious diseases included schistosomiasis, tuberculosis, and leprosy. The prevalence of schistosomiasis, a parasitic ailment that spreads primarily through the passing of human wastes into ponds, irrigation canals, and slow-moving streams, reflects the continued lack of adequate sewage facilities, especially in the rural areas...
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