...Occam’s razor William of Occam was an English Franciscan philosopher who lived in the 13th and 14th century. His most famous concept is his theory of Occam’s razor. Occam’s razor stated that “entities should not be applied unnecessarily” It says that when you have a couple of different possibilities to the same problem, the simple solution is usually the correct one. Now, Occam’s razor is used daily and most people don’t even know it. An example of a casual situation in which William of Occam’s theory would be applied is this: someone wakes up and he notices that one of his socks is missing, so he thinks about how this happened. Either he got hot last night and kicked it off while he was sleeping, the dog came and pulled it off, or option 3; a Victoria’s secret model came over and wanted to give him a foot rub after his long day at work. Option one makes the most sense to him because it has happened before, but option two can also be a possibility because the dog sometimes gets out of his kennel, and no matter how much me may want to believe option three, off the bat it is the least likely out of all of them. You go downstairs and see that the dog is sleeping soundly in the kennel, so that rules out option two, therefore leaving option one as the primary solution. When using Occam’s razor you take out all of the other possibilities to find the simplest most logical solution...
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...Scholasticism is the theological and philosophical movement that tried to use the classical Greco-Roman philosophy to understand the religious revelation of Christianity. It was the dominant theological and philosophical thought of medieval times, after the patristic thinking of late antiquity. It was based on the coordination between faith and reason, with the established assumption that reason was subordinate to faith. It dominated in the cathedral schools and general studies leading to medieval European universities. However, its origins are heterogeneous in nature as it adapted not only Greco-Latin philosophical thinking, but also Arab and Jewish[1]. Scholasticism can also be defined as a method of intellectual work where all thought is subject to the principle of authority, and teaching could be limited in principle to the repetition of ancient texts, especially of the Bible which was considered the main source of knowledge. Despite this scholasticism encouraged speculation and reasoning, as it involved a rigid logical framework and a schematic structure of debates[2] exposed rebuttals in order to prepare defenses. The heyday of scholasticism in the thirteenth century coincides with the foundation of universities and emergence the mendicant orders (Dominicans and Franciscans, mostly), from which come most theologians and philosophers of the time.[3] Undoubtedly one of the most influential scholastic is Saint Thomas Aquinas. His work, Summa Theologia accepted the...
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...CLASS ASSIGNMENT For PAPER 2, SECTION 2: WESTERN METAPHYSICS On WILLIAM OF OCKHAM SUBMITTED BY: HARISH S PEDPAROLU MA PART 1 WEEKDAY BATCH ABSTRACT This write-up seeks to take stock of the philosophy of William of Occam , in the context of his position in the history of medieval philosophy and with reference to not just his ‘razor ‘ but also of his views on ethics, politics and epistemology as well. It begins with an account of medieval philosophy and its chronology followed by a brief survey of the problems central to medieval musings. The problem of universals and particulars is then brought in and is discussed with reference to the raging conflict between the realists, on one hand , and the nominalists on the other . The views of Thomas Aquinas and John Duns Scotus ,in reaction to whom , much of the philosophy of William of Occam took shape , are related . What follows is an account of Occam’s razor, its being rooted in Occam’s position on the problem of universals and the distinction he draws between the knowledge capable of being reasoned and the understanding based solely on faith. His ethical and political views are touched and a few comments are made about the impact and relevance of his views in the Middle Ages. The beginnings of what has come to be classified as the ‘Medieval period ‘ in the historical discourse...
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...Running Head: ORGANIZATIONAL TECHNOLOGY Organizational Technology Plan Overview Business today is faced with an array of workplace changes varying from downsizing to implementation of new equipment or methodologies. In the current recession Jake’s Plumbing has looked for ways to have a successful business, while still providing the customer excellent service. Jake’s Plumbing is an organization that can change and adapt to new technological advances that leads to the organization’s survival and success. This organization is going to adjust business practices and the organizational model to achieve long-term prosperity. Changes required to make Jake’s Plumbing superior to competitors may include hiring skilled workers, finding support with external and internal partners, and continuing to advance in the areas of technology, which helps them remain competitive. As this cycle of change continues and adjustments made to the organizational structure, Jake’s Plumbing will incorporate these changes into the organization so that their employees and customers benefit. Lane, (2008) stated “Organizations go through change all the time, some minor but very often major; sometimes in the name of economy and almost always in the interests of improvement – this can be in terms of service or returns (or, with any luck, both).” (Lane 2008, The Challenge of Supporting Staff, ¶2.) This organizational technology assignment will be to concentrate...
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...INNOVATION POLICY OF BRAZIL 1. Some Numbers: • Total area - 8.5 million km² • Population - 191 million • GDP (2010) - 3,7 US$ trillion • Investment in R&D - 1.25 % GDP in 2010 • Scientists and researchers - 231,000 in 2010 (headcount) • Scientific papers - 2.7 % of world scientific production • world's sixth largest by nominal GDP • eighth largest by purchasing power parity. • moderately free markets and an inward-oriented economy. • the largest in Latin American nations ere. • one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world with an average annual GDP growth rate of over 5 percent • together with Mexico, has been at the forefront of the Latin American multinationals phenomenon by which, thanks to superior technology and organization, local companies have successfully turned global. 2. Overview Brazil has many times in its history praised to be the land of the future. First, Brazil with population of 190 million, the past eight years “Bolsa Familia” social program have lifted over 40 million Brazilians out of poverty and into middle class. This creates interesting platform for creating context related innovations and scaling bottom-of-the-pyramid innovations (disruptive and reverse) globally. Second, Brazil was almost non-effected by financial crisis 2008, a signal for strong and stable macro-economic policies. This means that Brazil, first time in its history, is becoming an interesting country for long term investment and strategic cooperation...
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...mind, modern technology is a bane than a boon. It cannot be denied that the technological improvement brings forth to us some advantages. Firstly, it helps man communicate local or oversea by writing email, telephone or mobile. A student , for instance, who is studying abroad can talk to his family by chatting and web cam rather than waiting for a hand - writing letters. Secondly, the modern tools also support man in business and studying. It makes better condition to fulfill tasks faster and more convenient. For example, a student spend less time searching information and documents by clicking mouse on google rather than is stuck with many books in library. A business man can deal with his job by using laptop and internet whereas he can still enjoy holiday with his family. Nevertheless, for every solution technology provides twice as many problems are likely to cause. The modern technology is to some extent underlying causes of negative things in our society. It's Internet that provides an accessible medium for bad elements such as pornography, crimes and so on. the teenagers who are not conscious enough tend to imitate the sexual and violence clips and images on internet. A typical example of this is the massacre in an American school. A pupil killed his classmates by his father 's gun simply because he only acted as a clip he saw. Moreover, the average rate of girls who are pregnant is very soon because of sexual images 's influence. Modern technology is the key element...
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...Technology has been a boon to mankind and it is a blessing in disguise. It has made the life of humans simple and easy to live. The effects of technology have largely been positive on human life. We have reached this modern era because of technology. The various technologies around us have made this world modern. In this modern life technological innovations have become integral to our lives Technological innovations are the most important aspect of human life and it is impossible to even think of our life without them. Technology is the greatest creation of humans and it has also enabled humans to create whatever they desire. I think that technology is indispensable in our modern life and it is a great positive force in our lives. The creativity in the field of technology has always resulted in remarkable innovations. We would not have reached such heights of development without the help of technology. Technology has influenced people in a positive sense. It has instigated people to create better and better innovations. We can never think of our lives without the basic amenities which technology has provided us with. Without such technology we would still be in the pre-historic age. We should be thankful to technology for our metamorphosis from a cave man to the modern man of present age. This modernism is the result of technology and it has made our life better and better with time. It is best tool that the humans have ever invented for self help. The technological inventions...
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...Implementing Barcode Medication Administration in Hospitals Part Three Creating Change in Organizations/HCS587 April 1, 2013 Dr. Sonnia Oliva Change needs to be evaluated after implementation to determine its effectiveness. The organization and management need to continually monitor BCMA to make sure the organization is benefiting from it and to modify components if necessary. Outcome measurement strategies for BCMA are not conclusive but single studies show its positive impact on patient safety. Additionally, cost, quality, and staff satisfaction are important when determining the effectiveness of BCMA and they all support the use of BCMA as technology that increases patient safety. Effectiveness of Organizational Change Organizations evaluate the effectiveness of change after it is implemented to determine if the change is valuable or costly. Effectiveness of BCMA also needs to be determined to ascertain its ability to increase patient safety by decreasing medication errors. Empirical data on BCMA’s effectiveness is limited and data is also inconclusive. Although, data collection conducted by the Veteran Health Administration (VHA) was used to offer suggestions for improved effectiveness. From 1999 to 2003 data was collected by VHA on the barriers that was making BCMA less effective. Laboratory use, nursing informatics, and interviews were used to determine suggestions VHA would recommend to improve BCMA’s effectiveness. The data was given to the VHA’s...
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...have turned out to be. The advantageous methods of technology towards me in our daily life in regards with education have had a massive growth and an enormous impact on our daily lives. Some of the research questions that would come to mind would be: What the major influences technological advanced education had upon us or has the technological advanced education benefited students and teachers? The key finding about my issue from the sources I found as I explored my topic were very interesting. As I explored I realized that advancement in education makes the life easier for all education fields and it speed up the long process such as projects/assignments. Moreover it also enhances the education system by developed ideas. Technology is the development over time of techniques for making and doing things. According to the oxford dictionary; education is the process of training a person’s mind so that they can acquire knowledge. The combination of education and technology has been considered the main key to human progress. Education feeds technology, which in turn forms the basis for education. The acquiring of knowledge allowed man to develop technological aid to make life easier. To date this same technology has impacted on the education industry. In the current age we live in, technology has become an important component. Every day there is some new gadget or software that makes lives easier and improves on the technology and software that already exists. Making lives easier...
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...Against The Machine Author: Erik Brynjolfsson & Andrew McAfee Executive Summary “Race Against the Machine”, is an agglomeration of the mercurial amelioration in technology in the past decade. How this perturbs the inception of new jobs? Why it impinges the need for human labor? And proposition to sustain the race “with” the machines. Key Takeaways * How Technology and Innovation have affected Employment and the Economy * Impact of contemporary technology on wages, employment and economy * The receding need for human work force as technology exceeds its threshold * Divergence between skills of labor, superstars, capital and labor. * How to change track from racing against the machine, than to race with the machines Key Definitions * Complimentary Innovation: Innovations that are triggered with the development of antecedent innovations. * Skilled Based Innovation Change (SBTC): shift in the production technology that favors skilled over unskilled labor by increasing its relative productivity and, therefore, its relative demand. (Easley, 2008) * Customer Relationship Management (CRM): is a widely implemented model for managing a company’s integration with customers, clients, and sales Prospects. (Wikipedia , 2012) * General Purpose Technology (GPT): Are technologies are that can affect an entire economy, at a national or global level. (Wikipedia, 2012) * Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): systems integrate internal and external...
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...PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction This situation prompted the researcher to conduct a study on students’ attitude towards science and health in relation to their academic performance in an identified school. In today’s world, science encompasses many ways of gaining information which helps individuals know themselves and their environment better and develop and renew this information frequently. Teaching science and technology to individuals help them to learn how adopt and adapt an inclination which forces them to think objectively and make the right decision confronting different events and situations. This inclination provides a comfortable life for them as well as for their family and their environment (Akgun, 2001). If students learn science using a scientific procedure and skill they would be able to use these procedures and skills in their daily life. In this procedure, while students’ attitudes towards science increase, they develop their creativity skills. During the primary educational period, courses on science and technology achieve a great importance comparing to the other courses since these courses teach students the environment, natural events and scientific developments as well as critical thinking and problem solving. (Kaptan, 1999) An attitude is an inclination to gaining a skill and is identified as an individual characteristic that provide a background for accepting a positive subject or denying a negative one. Thus, by improving a positive...
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...Phase 5 Individual Project 2013 Information Technology Management Table of Contents Business System Planning (Week 1) Introduction 4 Identify how the following critical success factors will be addressed by case study 5 Governance 5 Business plan alignment 6 Process improvement 6 Resource optimization 6 Operating excellence 7 Identify how the following critical success factors will be addressed by case study 7 Business management issues 7 Strategic and competitive issues 7 Planning and implementation concerns 8 Operational items 8 Identify how the variables defined by Strassmann's Model will be measured 8 Efficiency 8 Effectiveness 8 Competitivness 8 Profitability 8 Strategic Information Systems Assessment (Week 2) Create an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for case study 9 Case study continued 9 SWOT analysis of case study 10 SWOT analysis continued 11 12 13 Create an assessment of the forces that are presently governing competition for case study 14 Using Wiseman’s Framework of Strategy Development define the strategic thrusts and advantages 15 Information Systems Business Case (Week 3) Critical success factors for IT Manager 16 Continued. 17 General stratgy for IT goals and objectives of the case study. 18 General strategy on how IT department will support the goals and objectives of the case study 19 Information Technology Strategy Statement (Week 4) Business aspects 20 ...
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...EDU 225 Instructional Technology Benchmark Assessment and Rubric Targeted Essential Learning Students study and utilize a variety of technologies such as computer software and hardware and will develop a personal technology philosophy and classroom technology plan designed to enhance and shape their teaching skills and knowledge to better utilize emerging technology. (APTS 3, INTASC 6) Assessment Tool Selected 1) Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan 2) Reflection Essay Specific Performance/Task(s) Select and implement appropriate technology and resources. (APTS 3.11) Select and use research-based strategies to engage learners. (APTS 3.12) Relevancy of Task to Teacher Candidate Demonstrate the effective use of technology to foster active inquiry, promote collaboration, and support interaction in the classroom. Assessment: Student Prompts/Teacher Directions Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan (e-Portfolio Assignment) In Modules 2-6 you will be drafting the component parts of a Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan for use in a 21st century classroom. The Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan will include the sections listed below. Drafts of these sections will be submitted throughout the course for instructor feedback and will be revised for inclusion in the Benchmark Assessment, due in Module 7. A Reflection Essay will also be prepared to accompany the plan. The plan is composed of the following components: * Section One: Mission and Vision...
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...An organization can benefit greatly from the use of email. Not only can employees communicate with both clients and coworkers, they can do so more efficiently than without. Email is a very powerful tool to use in business or even in everyday life. When a company needs its employees to share information together, rather than to take hard copies of a sheet to each individual person, a mass email can be sent out that goes to each employee company wide at the click of a button. Very efficient. This is not to say that there are no cons to emailing. Employers should monitor their employees well. There are a number of reasons why a company might not want an employee emailing without limit or restriction. For example, should an employee use the email system for their personal benefit or gain, their productivity could be reduced or temporarily cease. They could make mistakes while trying to cover up both jobs at once or while attempting to multi-task. Aside from personal usage and lost productivity, the companies information, or even clients information could be compromised. An emails path is usually predetermined, however, do to hackers and identity thieves, it may not always go only to who one may wish or think. An alternative to emailing is instant messaging. It is even faster. Emails often need to be refreshed or checked regularly for incoming messages where as im’s come right though. An im can be as instantaneous and quick as the person typing is capable of. While it is very fast...
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...Purpose HCL Technologies provide a range of outsourcing services, business process outsourcing, and infrastructure services. The purpose of this paper is analyze trends and economic forces that impact changes in the global marketplace, analyze the impact of market trends in driving innovations in organizational, structure, culture, and process, and also to analyze leadership in relation to the effectiveness of general management planning and decision making. Majority of my information will come from HCL Technologies case study with Nayar’s insights about the subject. Analyze trends and economic forces that impact changes in the global marketplace. The product that HCL Technologies sells is a service that customers use to make their business better. Staying with the latest trends is very critical in a service based business like HCL Technologies. The first trend I would like to talk about is Technology trends. Technology trends can drive innovation and influence decision making in the IT service industry. According to Hickman (2010)" Developments in technology lead to new products and services and improve how they are produced and delivered to the end user. Innovations can create entirely new industries and alter the boundaries of existing industries." A future trend that will spread rapidly in the IT industry will be Cloud Computing. There will soon be away a business can obtain and maintain software, hardware, and computing capacity. According to the Nayar Case study...
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