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Organizational Behavior Chapter 5

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Or 1. How can knowledge of motivation theories help managers?
Motivation theories attempt to explain and predict observable behavior. They may be broadly classified into internal, process, and external theories. Any single motivation theory explains only a small portion of the variance in human behavior, so researchers have developed many alternative theories to account for unexplained behavior. 2. What are the five categories of motivational needs described by Maslow? Give an example of how each can be satisfied.
Self-actualization needs, Esteem needs, Love (Social) needs, Safety and Security needs, and Physiological needs.

3. What are the Theory X and Theory Y assumptions about people at work? How do they relate to the hierarchy of needs?
Theory X view negative view of individuals and their relationship to tasks and work and Theory Y views individuals as highly motivated and responsible for their actions. Theory X individuals who are motivated by lower-order needs, while Theory Y individuals who are motivated by higher-order needs. 4. What three manifest needs does McClelland identify?
The three manifest needs are need for Achievement, need for Power, and need for Affiliation.

5. How do hygiene and motivational factors differ? What are the implications of the two-factor theory for managers?
Hygiene factor is a work condition that generates dissatisfaction due to discomfort or pain. While Motivational factor work condition that satisfies the need for psychological growth. Managers must realize that both contribute to workers’ attitudes toward the job. 6. What are two new ideas in motivation that managers are using?
The first new ideas is Eustress, Strength, and Hope and the second new ideas is Positive Energy and Full

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