...The following Case Study is to provide information of how parental consent in the Health Career seems to cause a lot of communication difficulties between the parents, the teens, and the doctors, nurses, etc. I will be using real life examples of situations where communication difficulty occurred, and will be demonstrating some ways we could possibly resolve this issue by using communication models and ideals from our textbook. My main focus is especially on teen abortions and teens that are diagnosed with an STD, and how some states require parental consent and how some states don’t. In many states a minor can consent, and has the capacity to consent or can make his or her own health care decisions, the consent of another person, such as the minor’s parent or guardian, is not needed (Tigges,B.B.2003). This is one of the many reasons why doctors, nurses, etc. have difficulty cooperating with parents and teenagers when there is a required parental consent, or when there isn’t a required parental consent (Griffin-Carlson,M. S.,&Mackin,K.J.2008). Montefiore Medical Center in NYC had a lawsuit in the year of 2012 for “Unauthorized release of private medical information to parent of teen.” Dana Nunez is 17 years old; she goes into the hospital to be treated for genital herpes. The Doctors and Nurses do not need to get Dana’s parents’ permission before treating her, because a minor can consent to health care for sexually transmitted infections in the state of New York. Therefore, Dana...
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...Abortions Abortions are one of the many things that everyone has an opinion on. As defined by the 2012 Merriam-Webster dictionary, an Encyclopedia Britannica Company, an abortion is, “the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus as a spontaneous expulsion of a human fetus during the first 12 weeks of gestation--miscarriage, the induced expulsion of a human fetus, or the expulsion of a fetus by a domestic animal often due to infection at any time before completion of pregnancy.” Abortions have always been and will probably always be a controversial topic in which everyone will not agree upon. In the midst of the controversy, two groups have emerged. These groups are referred to as pro-life and pro-choice. According to Gale Opposing Viewpoints in Context, pro-life supporters claim that life begins at conception, therefore, abortion at any stage in the pregnancy is murder. They believe that life is valuable and the life of the unborn baby has the same rights as the mother. Pro-choice supporters, on the other hand, claim that it is the woman’s right to choose what she does with her body. These pro-abortionists claim that anti-abortionists are truly against the rights of women and free choice rather than the termination of the fetus. Pro-life and pro-choice advocates differ in many of their opinions, specifically, concerning when life begins, affects abortions have on...
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...parents do not know what to do. Teenagers are too young to be allowed to get married, and a child commonly lives in single parent family (very often it is difficult to identify the father of the baby). The most common decision of the teenagers and their parents is to get rid of pregnancy. Abortion in such a young age is quite a regular thing nowadays, because a baby is a great responsibility and one can not study and work having it. On the other hand abortion influences the girl’s body badly and it is the next problem. So, the topic is extremely urgent in modern society and nearly every student is asked to prepare a research paper on teenage pregnancy and analyze the problem deeply. Students have to spend much time to discover some cultural aspects and points of view towards teenage pregnancy of different people of the world. They have to brainstorm good methods and solutions how to prevent it. In order to compose a successful paper one has to know how to present data and support the point of view and format the paper. The most common writing assistant is the Internet and students take advantage of free examples of research papers on teenage pregnancy available there. A successful research paper has to include the medical and psychological aspects of the...
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...Policies in Relation to Abortion Before and After the Roe v. Wade Supreme Court Case New Mexico State University Jennifer Walker Abstract The Roe versus Wade Supreme Court Case has had a huge impact on abortion laws in the United States. Before 1973, abortions were illegal and criminal, with few exceptions. Overnight, the decision in the case legalized first trimester abortions while leaving the specifications of the other trimesters up to the states. This case has led to many debates over the value of life and when life begins whether at conception, independence from mother, or first breath. All of these can be defined by religion, law, or individual beliefs. Unfortunately, none of the policies before or after Roe versus Wade have addressed the issue of unintended pregnancies, which is the underlying cause of abortion. Until this is addressed, policies will continue to be created, implemented, and challenged. Policies in Relation to Abortion Before and After the Roe v. Wade Supreme Court Case Introduction In 1973, a case was selected to be heard by the Supreme Court that would substantially impact women’s rights then and continue to impact them today. The case was over Texas policy article 1911 that stated, “If any person shall designedly administer to a pregnant woman or knowingly procure to be administered with her consent… and thereby procure an abortion, he shall be confined in the penitentiary not less than two nor more than five years…” (Law Library, 2014)...
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...Course Title 19 December 2012 Abortion: Why it should be not be banned In the United States and most part of the world, the issue of abortion has sparked a heavy controversy, creating a strong debate over the rights and wrongs of deliberately ending a pregnancy before normal childbirth. There is no denying the fact that, most people today are caught in between the moral dilemma of whether or not to terminate a pregnancy. It is one of the issues in our society today creating not just a political divide, but equally a public and moral one. For example, the Telegraph of December 18, 2012 published its story which reads in part: A Polish Catholic organisation has sparked furore after it compared legal abortion to the Newtown school massacre. On its website the conservative organisation Fronda asked what the difference was between "children killed by doctors and children killed by a madman?" It also questioned whether killing children with parental consent is better than killing children against their will? ( para. 1-3). The above news lead reminds us once again of the opposing views held by different members of the society concerning abortion. Before delving into the argument arena, it is imperative that the term abortion be defined; its historical background briefly discussed, and some arguments in support of ban be examined. This will serve as foundation upon which this work will rest. The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines the term abortion as ‘‘the deliberate ending...
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...her own body? When we think about “The Freedom of Choice Act”, we think about abortion and who has the right to determine what a woman can do or not do with her own body. Through time, we have argued that it the woman who has the right to choose, or perhaps it is the father who should have a say so, or maybe it is the clergy, or the government who should have a say in the matter. Most believe that the woman should have the final say so because it is her body. Some believe that the father of the child should be able to have a say if the child is born or not. Then you have those who believe that the clergy or the government should be the ones who regulate abortions through laws to determine if a woman is going to have an abortion or not. Then there is always the question about those who wind up in this position of abortion because of rape or incest. In this paper, we will touch on several different topics of abortion to have a better understanding why there is such a strong debate on this subject. History on Abortion When we think of abortion, many people do not think about it or even talk about it. When those who are sitting around contemplating abortion, they do not stop to think how long abortion has been around. Abortion laws started during the 1820’s when it was a law that abortions could not be performed after the fourth month of pregnancy. By 1965, all of the fifty states had put a ban on abortion except for some exceptions that dealt with saving the mother’s life. (Johnson...
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...Chapter 1: Ethical Theory Meta-ethical positions include: * Ethical non-cognitivism (concept that ethics is a matter of feelings) * Ethical relativism (concept that ethics is relative to a particular point of view) * Ethical objectivism (notion that ethics is objective in nature). Meta-Ethical Positions Ethical Non-cognitivism The basis of ethical non-cognitivism is that ethical disagreement can be a highly emotional affair where no amount of reasoning is likely to convince the other party. * Example: “Let’s just agree to disagree” Ethical Relativism * Ethical relativism says that while ethical statements are cognitively meaningful, they do not hold in any objective sense because they depend on our point of view. * If we accept ethical relativism, then ethical disagreement among people who do not share the same perspective becomes impossible. * It assumes that if people agree on something, then it must be true. * Ethical relativism is suspect for a pragmatic reason: it is fundamentally at variance with our social practice. * Example: “To each his own”, or the belief that what’s right for one group isn’t necessarily right for another Ethical Objectivism * Ethical objectivism holds that right and wrong are objective phenomena. * Example: “I’m right and you’re wrong” What is Ethics? * As a discipline, ethics is a branch of philosophy. * It deals with questions of right and wrong conduct, and with what we ought to do and what...
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...Shaping Parental Authority over Children’s Bodies ALICIA OUELLETTE* INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 956 I. SCULPTING, SHAPING, AND SIZING CHILDREN: FOCUS CASES.............................. 959 A. WESTERNIZING ASIAN EYES..................................................................... 960 B. HORMONES FOR STATURE ........................................................................ 961 C. LIPOSUCTION ON A TWELVE YEAR OLD.................................................... 963 D. GROWTH STUNTING ................................................................................. 964 II. THE LAW, MEDICINE, PARENTAL RIGHTS, AND CHILDREN’S BODIES ................. 966 A. BACKGROUND LAW ................................................................................. 966 B. APPLICATION IN SHAPING CASES .............................................................. 969 C. ROOM FOR REGULATION .......................................................................... 971 III. WHAT IS REALLY WRONG WITH MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SHAPING OF CHILDREN? ............................................................................................................ 973 A. THE NONSUBORDINATION PRINCIPLE AS A LIMIT ON INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS 974 B. CHILDREN AS PERSONS, PARENTAL RIGHTS ............................................. 977 C. MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SHAPING OF CHILDREN IS DIFFERENT ............... 981 IV. CONCERNING...
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...Office hours by appointment Lecture: Mondays & Wednesdays, 10:00-10:50 AM in 112 Huff Hall Discussion: Mondays 9:00-9:50 AM in 429 Armory Tuesdays 9:00-9:50 AM in 1002 Huff Hall Wednesdays 12:00-12:50 PM in 429 Armory Thursday 1:00-1:50 PM in 1002 Huff Hall Course Description This course will take a community health perspective in introducing students to a wide range of issues in modern medical ethics. It will address research ethics and ethical issues in clinical practice. This course will inform issues of practical, philosophical importance for all members of our society. The Department of Community Health, which is involved in professional preparation and research in areas of health education, health behavior, health administration, and epidemiology, is uniquely equipped to present these issues from a biopsychosocial perspective. The rapid pace of change in clinical practice, basic and applied research, policy development, health law, and other related fields of medical ethics ensure a constant supply of new subject matter. All of us will participate in medical decision making in our lifetimes, as patients or as family members, so this class has the potential to be enormously influential. It will not be taught from a clinical or professional perspective, but rather from community-based approach. At this level of analysis, which examines personal decision-making, social dynamics, policy constraints...
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...CONTENTS Click on the up arrow to return here 1) INTRODUCTION 2) DEFINITIONS 3) ETHICAL THEORY 4) ETHICAL DECISION MAKING 5) NEGLIGENCE 6) CONSENT IN COMPETENT ADULTS 7) CONSENT IN CHILDREN 8) CONSENT IN INCOMPETENT ADULTS 9) CONSENT CONCERNING UNUSUAL IDEAS 10) ADVANCE DIRECTIVES 11) CONFIDENTIALITY 12) CONFIDENTIALITY AUDIT 13) EUTHANASIA 14) ABORTION 15) BIOTECHNOLOGY 16) SUGGESTED READING ONE – INTRODUCTION (Registrar) The importance of Ethical thinking in General Practice is becoming more and more apparent. It should not be thought that Ethics merely relates to the “Life and Death” issues in our Professional life – Abortion, Contraception, Euthanasia and the like. Ethical issues affect some part of almost every consultation, even if the ethical issue is something more mundane like obtaining adequate consent for an examination or respecting a patient’s dignity. Indeed, it could be argued that the Consultation skills that we foster so assiduously are actually Ethical skills – and that we need to know the patient’s “Ideas, Concerns and Expectations” in order to respect his Autonomy as well as in order to improve the outcome of the Consultation. In the 1998/99 academic year, I was appointed the deanery’s Medical Ethics fellow with a bursary from the MDU. I developed an approach to the teaching of GP ethics based on two half day sessions, which...
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...Understanding Filipino Adolescents: Research Gaps and Challenges JOSEFINA V. CABIGON, PH.D.* ABSTRACT Maiksi subalit masalimuot ang panahon ng kabataan sa buhay ng tao. Ang suliranin ng pagsasaayos sa mga problemang kaakibat nito ay nangangailangan ng ganap na pag-unawa sa kabataang Pilipino ng kasalukuyang panahon. Nais ibahagi ng papel na ito ang pagtutukoy sa mga mahahalagang isyu na karaniwang di natugunan sa mga nauna nang pag-aaral. Ilan sa mga suliraning pampananalikssik ay binigyang pansin at inaasahang mapupunan ang mga puwang na patuloy pa ring naiiwan sa larangan. Ang mga kakulangang nais tugunan ay ang mga sumusunod na usapin: pagkakaisa sa pagpapakahulugan sa konsepto ng “kabataan” at sekswalidad; di-kumpletong datos ukol sa ugnayan ng bilang ng kabataan at bilang ng kabuuang populasyon; antas ng kamalayan ng mga stakeholders at kabataan mismo tungkol sa paglaki ng bilang ng huli; ang pangangailangan ng mga stakeholders ng napapanahon at bagong pagkaunawa tungkol sa antas, mga tagapagtakda, at kahihinatnan ng sekswalidad ng kabataan, pati ng kanilang fertility at reproductive health; at, ang kanilang kamalayan at pakikilahok sa mga gawaing panlipunan. Ilan sa mga rekomendasyon ay ang pagkakaroon ng pambansang sarbey sa mga bagong erya ng pag-aaaral kaakibat ang kwalitatibong pananaliksik, pananaliksik pampatakaran (policy research) at operations research. Ang artikulo ay isang pagtatangka sa paghahanap ng mga pamamaraan upang maimulat sa mga kabataan at sa...
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...Graduate School of Business Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila A Study on the Attitudes of the Female Residents of Pureza, Manila towards the Reproductive Health Law In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Research Methods and Case Writing Submitted to Dr. Dolores Garcia Submitted by Arien Marie A. Guda I. Introduction Population control or population management has been one of the rallying cries of Filipino economists since Pres. Ferdinand Marcos signed the United Nations Declaration on Population in 1967. With an estimated population of 92,337,852 in 2010 according to the National Statistics Office (National Statistics Office [Philippines]), and a land area of 300,000 sq. m., lawmakers and civic groups have been clamoring for a solution to address the constant growth rate vis a vis the dwindling natural resources in the country. While the population growth rate continues to hold steady(estimated to be at 2.36% per annum in 2008) (National Statistics Office [Philippines] and ICF Macro), the country’s resources, has suffered the same fate as that of the rest of the Asia Pacific region, which, the Asian Development Bank, in collaboration with the WWF, says is, “consuming more resources than its ecosystems can sustain, threatening the future of the region’s beleaguered forests, rivers, and oceans as well as the livelihoods of those who depend on them.” In an effort to help address this issue, stakeholders have sought to offer various methods...
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...Notes for the Course: Religion and Ethics in our Modern Society, 2012 By Dr H Ndlovu Definition and Nature of Christian Ethics Ethics is derived from the Greek word “ethos” that is also comes from another word “ethika.” Ethika means norms, conventions, values, customs the society. Thus ethics is a discipline that examines one’s moral standards or the moral of a society. These are absorbed from family, church and friends. Why Study Ethics There are nine reasons why human beings have to study ethics. 1. Human beings are capable of reasoning from cause to effect with the understanding that everything done has effect. 2. Human beings are capable of making choices after comparing the alternatives, that is, internal and external. People have two cells namely: a. Real – what we have now b. Ideal – what we are aiming at 3. Human beings are self – conscious. This means we can study ourselves by being a subject and be the object at the same time. 4. Human beings are finite or limited not knowing what will happen from the next moment or next door. Thus, we must have principles to apply when situations comes. 5. Human life is an active dynamic phenomenon – We do something as if we do nothing. 6. People also can be taught to be good (Isaiah 1 :18) 7. Human beings are capable of filing an obligation 8. Human beings are also capable of understanding what moral terms like freedom, dignity and so on affects other people. 9. Finally, human beings need to survive. Human civilization...
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...(AMA) has improved public health, invested in the doctor and patient relationship, and promoted scientific advancement for more than 160 years. The history of the AMA is an important narrative, which demonstrates the role the members and the institution have played in the United States in the development of medicine. Public health betterment and the science and art of medicine are the mission of the American Medical Association. In this paper we will describe the code of ethics, general perspective, and mission statement of the American Medical Association. Mission statement American Medical Association goal is to “To promote the art and science of medicine and the betterment of public health.”(2). They have a couple of values they promote as a company. They are Leadership, Excellence, and Integrity and Ethical Behavior. American Medical Association strives to be professional and helpful to patients on all public health issues. General perspective The AMA promotes healthy lifestyles and will continue to develop and conduct scientific research and disseminate to doctors clinical resources related to the treatment and prevention of health issues for the public, like alcohol, and other drug abuse, violence prevention, and obesity. The American Medical Association stands committed to stopping the ethnic and racial health care disparities. The American Medical Association strives to be noticed as an important national resource for education for enhancing the disaster response and...
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...attempt has been made to ensure the content is accurate, it cannot be guaranteed. The information within this document should not be relied upon as a substitute for other professional or legal advice. ISBN 9781921707391 ©State of Queensland (Queensland Health) 2011 First edition February 2012 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 2.5 Australian license. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/au/ In essence, you are free to copy, communicate and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Service, Queensland Health and abide by the license terms. For further information, contact: Informed Consent Program Manager Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Service Centre for Healthcare Improvement, Queensland Health PO Box 152 Herston Queensland 4029 tel (+61) (07) 3646 9715 psq@health.qld.gov.au www.health.qld.gov.au/chi/psq/ For permission beyond the scope of this license contact: Intellectual property Officer Queensland Health GPO Box 48 Brisbane Queensland 4001 tel (+61) (07) 3234 1479 ip_officer@health.qld.gov.au Forward Patient-centred care is widely recognised as a core dimension of a quality modern health service. Informed decision-making – a two-way dialogue between patients and their health practitioners about the benefits, risks and alternatives of treatment, taking into account the patient’s personal circumstances,...
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