...1. Define food chain and food web A food chain only follows just one path as animals find food. eg: A hawk eats a snake, which has eaten a frog, which has eaten a grasshopper, which has eaten grass. A food web shows the many different paths plants and animals are connected. eg: A hawk might also eat a mouse, a squirrel, a frog or some other animal. 2. Food Chains * Plants - mice - badgers - bobcats * Plants - mule deer - mountain lion * Algae - otocinclus catfish - osprey * Algae - mosquito larva - dragonfly larva - fish – racoon * Fruits - monkeys - monkey-eating eagle * Grass - antelope - tiger - vulture * Grass - cow - man * Grass - deer - eagle * Grass - earthworms - bird - snake * Grass - grasshopper - frog - snake - eagle * Grass - prairie dogs - coyotes * Grass - rabbit - snake - owl - hawk * Grass - snail - bird - fox What Is Digestion? Digestion is the complex process of turning the food you eat into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth and cell repair needed to survive. The digestion process also involves creating waste to be eliminated. The digestive tract (or gastrointestinal tract) is a long twisting tube that starts at the mouth and ends at the anus. It is made up of a series of muscles that coordinate the movement of food and other cells that produce enzymes and hormones to aid in the breakdown of food. Along the way are three other organs that are needed for digestion: the liver, gallbladder...
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...tion.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.fabioruini.eu/blog/2007/06/&h=428&w=357&sz=71&tbnid=wqlDvSZfuxkdUM:&tbnh=246&tbnw=205&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpicture%2Bof%2Bdigestion&zoom=1&q=picture+of+digestion&usg=__xMGasEMTyU8TduXOS3k5N7PL9h4=&sa=X&ei=AOKSTObgHo74nAfj9a3aCA&ved=0CBkQ9QEwAA The path food follows through the digestive system is the human digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands, which processes food. It begins with the mouth, teeth, tongue, pharynx, epiglottis, and esophagus this happens before the food goes into the stomach. Once the bolus reaches the stomach, it is mixed with acid secretions to transform the bolus into chime, a semi-liquid food mass. Then it travels through the small intestine, large intestine, and anus. Large Intestine Portion of gastrointestinal tract, which includes the colon and rectum, in which some absorption of water and vitamins take place. Mouth With this the food begins, the point at, which food enters the digestive tract. Small Intestine Tube-shaped organ of the digestive tract where digestion of ingested food is completed and the majority of nutrient absorption occur. Stomach This is the organ in the digestive tract, in which mixes food and secretes gastric juices. An empty stomach has a volume of approximately 50 mL. However, typically after a meal, its capacity expands to about one liter of food, and may expand to hold as much as four liters. The chyme slowly exits the stomach via the pyloric...
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...Human Digestive System Twila Williams January 7, 2015 SCI/241 Shirlene Small Digestion is movement of breaking down what food you consume in your body through your mouth into molecules so that the body can absorb it. “Proteins, carbohydrates, and fats in our diets must be broken down and later, reassembled in forms useful to our body.” (Carter, 2014) We often eat foods that are hard to digest or we have a problem that won’t allow us to digest foods properly. The digestion process is very important for our bodies to provide the necessary nutrients it needs to survive, but is the most complicated process. Before I take you through the process of the human digestive system, let me tell you about some foods that the body will digest easily and those foods that are hard to digest. If your diet consist of being high in fiber and fats then your body will have problems digesting these foods. Though fiber is supposed to be good for the body, it is also hard to digest. The organs and format that consist of the path that food travels through the human digestive system would consist of the mouth, which food enters and comes in contact with your saliva. The salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, all provide the necessary enzymes from their secretions for the process of the digestive system. When we see and smell food our saliva glands begin the process of the digestive system. After one put food in their mouth the teeth chew the food allowing the food to turn...
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...Human Digestion Summary Write a 350- to 700-word summary describing the path food follows through the digestive system. Address the following questions in your summary: • What factors affect the amount of time it takes for foods to travel through the digestive tract? • How does digestion occur in each of the following parts of the digestive system? o Mouth o Stomach o Small intestine o Large intestine Note. Include descriptions of other organs or components of the digestive system. • How do proteins, fats, and carbohydrates break down in the digestive system? • What types of food help with digestion? Salivary glands begin the digestive process at the sight and smell of food. After food enters the mouth and is moistened by saliva and chewed by the teeth, it transform into a bolus. Once the bolus leaves the mouth, it moves into the pharynx, where it can be swallowed. The bolus then move from the pharynx into the esophagus, which connects the pharynx to the stomach. Food is partially digested in the stomach; chyme usually empties from the stomach in 2 to 6 hours. The timeframe is determine by the size and type of meal ingested. Through the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are located in close proximity to the stomach, they contribute to the digestive process once the chyme reaches the small intestine. The majority of the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food takes place in the small intestine. The small...
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...The Fantastic Voyage Part II Cynthia Gomez Hello everyone, we are back for another exciting adventure, this one a little more appetizing than the last! Today’s Fantastic Voyage will follow the path of one tasty hamburger, some fatty french fries, and a cold and sweet root beer through a fifty-five year old man’s digestive, circulatory and urinary systems. I will be narrating all structures and functions as we explore; some imagery may be a little graphic, so hold on tight if you have a weak stomach! Here we commence our journey straight into the mouth of our hungry friend, making our descent into the first part of this nine meter alimentary canal. Make sure to hold on tight, for this hollow chamber lined with mucous membranes like the rest of the digestive tract is where mechanical digestion takes place almost instantly. The teeth begin to chew the bites of food, breaking them down into smaller pieces while the salivary glands begin to secrete enzymes called salivary amylase to begin the chemical process of breaking down carbohydrates (Cleveland Clinic, 2014). Now that the carbohydrates from the hamburger, fries and root beer have begun to be digested, they have taken the shape of a moist bolus allowing it to pass through the rest of the tract with less friction. Now we are about to enter the pharynx, a tube-like structure made of muscle behind the nasal cavities and mouth. Together with the bolus, we quickly cross the...
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...FON 241 LL Lab 3 The Digestive System Name: Tonya Hembree Questions: 1. Describe the path food follows as it travels through the digestive system. (15 pts.) The food goes into our mouths the digestive process begins. The mastication occurs and the taste buds kick in. The bolus is then swallowed passing through the esophagus to the stomach. When it hits the stomach the gastric juice begin to break it down. The chyme is then passed to the small intestines through the pyloric sphincter aids in its route. The gallbladder and pancreas excreted enzymes is mixed with the bolus of chyme. It continues its travels passing the appendix to the large intestines. Than is onto the tail end of its journey to the colon where it waited to be defecated...
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...to travel through our digestive track. I’m also going to be telling you about how digestive can occur in some parts of our digestive system. I’m also going to be letting you know what kinds of foods are good to eat to help to improve our digestive system. Human digestion summary Digestion can take a very specific path which starts from beginning to the end. This is when the food that we have ate then starts to move from our moth to our stomach in a matter of minutes. This is when our tongue will help move the food that we eat move to the teeth. Which then while we chew our food it is then mixed with saliva. That’s when the saliva is then produced by our saliva glands to start the first part of the digestion. When the food is then mixed with our saliva that’s when the food then comes to a bolus. The bolus is then swallowed in the phyarynx and then moves into the esophagus. This is when it then takes place in our stomach while in the esophagus that’s when the food will pass the epiglottis. The epiglottis is a flap that will help to prevent the bolus from being taken to our lungs. When it comes to the size of our mouth its five inches to one foot long. When it comes to Bile which is then created in our gallbladder. Then it is moved into our liver and then is also excreted into our stomach which is one foot long organ. In our stomach that’s when the bolus is then mixed with bile then from the liver and then is also then mixed with the digestive enzymes and with the...
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...Let’s follow the path of a delicious ham and cheese sandwich with lettuce and pickles as it is eaten and digested! Start at the beginning and discuss the anatomical parts as well as the biochemical roles that contribute to this sandwich being turned into chemical energy. Be sure to include mechanical and chemical mechanisms, along with how they are metabolized in the body! Digestion is the chemical breakdown of food molecules into smaller molecules that can be used by various cells within the body. The breakdown is initiated when food is ingested in the mouth and specific enzymes are exposed to components within the food molecules. Digestion begins in the mouth with mastication, or chewing, performed by the teeth. The purpose of chewing is to grant the food more exposure to enzymes, therefore allowing chemical digestion to occur faster. The presence of the food in the mouth stimulates exocrine glands. This causes the mouth to secrete digestive enzymes, namely salivary amylase. These secreted enzymes aid in the breakdown of foods, officially starting the digestion process. Carbohydrates in particular are mostly broken down by salivary amylase. Salivary amylase breaks starch, a popular carb, down to maltose. This means that the bread of the ham and cheese sandwich will notably be chemically altered at this point. It is because of this that bread begins to taste somewhat sweet if it is held in the mouth for some time. Muncins, or mucous, found within saliva help hold the food...
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...2. Discuss your dissection of the respiratory system of the fetal pig by doing the following:DONE a. Compare the structure of the trachea to the structure of the esophagus. The trachea is along the mid-ventral portion of the neck in the thoracic cavity. It has horizontal bands. The esophagus is located and lies dorsal to the trachea and extends through the thorax on the left side. It does not have bands. b. Describe how the structures of the respiratory system (i.e., trachea, bronchi, and lungs) relate to their functions. The trachea has cartilage rings that support the trachea to keep the airway open. The trachea carries oxygen into the lungs via the bronchi. (Cont.) The bronchi transports air from the trachea to the lungs. The bronchi...
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...The chyme follows the slow path through the circular folds of the small intestines. The chyme, which now mixes with digestive juices, flows to the villi, which produces hormones and cells with more digestive enzymes that helps the food digest faster. The small intestines absorb any calcium, magnesium, iron, glucose, amino acids, fats, vitamins, water, alcohol, and the bile acids of the food. The liver, gallbladder, and the pancreas are considered the accessory organs in the digestive system. These organs aid in the digestion when the food is in the small intestines. The liver secretes bile, which is a yellowish greenish substance that emulsifies fat and helps with fat absorption and digestion. Bile is secreted to the duodenum and encircles and returns to the liver. In order to protect the small intestines from the acid in the chyme, the pancreas secretes pancreatic juices, which contain sodium bicarbonate that neutralizes the acid. Other pancreatic digestive enzymes that are released are amylase, which digest starch, lipase, which digests fat, and proteases to help digest the protein. Many regulatory hormones are also released to help with proper...
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...Burke County Middle School Science Constructive Response 6th and 7th Grade Science 6th Grade Constructed Response 1. What are the three major classifications of rocks formed on Earth? Which one would you find fossils in and why would you find fossils in this rock. Explain how fossils form. (6.E.2.4) Answer: Metamorphic Sedimentary Igneous You would find fossils in sedimentary rock Layers of soil are laid down on dead animals or plants embalming them. The minerals replace the organic matter creating the fossil. 2. Describe how the revolution of the Earth around the sun affects the seasons. Give one example supporting your answer (6.E.1.1) Answer: Revolution is defined as the orbital path a celestial body follows around the sun, or other celestial body. AS the Earth is close to the sun, the sunrays are able to reach the Earth a short distance allowing the Earth to become warmer. When the Earth moves away from the sun, the rays do not reach the earth. The Earth at a persistent distance does not allow the Earth to warm causing a change in seasons. 3. Contrast the differences between lunar and solar eclipses and the affects they have on Earth. (6.E.1.1) Answer: Lunar—Earth’s shadow hides the moon; widely visible Solar—Moon blocks the sun; visible to only certain areas of the Earth at a time. Less light available for a short period of time. 7th Grade Constructed Response 1. Explain how two brown eyed parents could...
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...Anatomy and Physiology Task 1 1. Discuss your dissection of the sheep heart and the cardiovascular system of the fetal pig by doing the following: a. Describe the similarities and differences between the fetal pig heart and the sheep heart. Differences: 1. Size 2. The left ventricular wall is thicker in the sheep than the fetal pig. Similarities: They both have 2 atria and 2 ventricles. b. Describe the four valves of the heart, including their name, location, and function. The four valves of the heart are the tricuspid valve, the pulmonic valve, the mitral valve, and the aortic valve. The tricuspid valve: It is located between the right atria and the right ventricle. It is comprised of three “flap-like cusps” which when in its closed position, prevents the deoxygenated blood entering the heart from the body, from backing up in the right atrium from the right ventricle (regurgitation). http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/tricuspid-valve The Pulmonic Valve: This valve is found between the right ventricle and the lungs. As the deoxygenated blood continues on its journey through the heart from the right ventricle, it makes its exit by way of the pulmonic valve. This structure is a one-way valve with prevents the flow of blood back into the right ventricle once it leaves the heart. http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/pulmonary-valve The mitral valve: This valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle. As the now oxygenated blood flows...
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...Digestive and Respiratory System Worksheet Name: Before answering the questions below, log in to ADAM and view the clinical animations for Peristalsis and Gas Exchange. Remember, you may use our text, our discussions, and the internet to write your answers, but be sure to write your answers in your own words and to use correct citations where appropriate! Cutting and Pasting your responses will result in a Zero for this assignment! 1. Trace the path of an oxygen molecule from the air outside you to your tissues. Nose --> Mouth --> Pharynx --> Larynx --> Trachea --> (LUNGS: Bronchus --> Bronchioles --> Alveoli), then back out. Air enters the body through the nose and then moves into spaces called the nasal cavities. (Hair and cilia trap dust and debris and Air is warmed and moistened) Some of the cells lining the nasal cavities produce mucus. This sticky material moistens the air and keeps the lining from drying out. Mucus also traps particles such as dust. The cells that line the nasal cavities have cilia, tiny hair like extensions that can move together in a sweeping motion. Next, air enters the pharynx. The pharynx opens to two different passages. One is connected to the esophagus, wherein food and fluids are directed and the other is linked to the trachea where the air is passed through to the lungs. From the pharynx, air enters into the larynx (the voice box). The larynx is part of the upper respiratory tract that has two main functions: a passageway...
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...Module 2 Written Assignment 1. What are enzymes? What specifically is the role of an enzyme in digestion? Enzymes are working proteins that facilitate chemical reactions without being changed in the process. Organs of the digestive system excrete digestive juices, which contain enzymes that break the bonds of nutrients that can be absorbed. 2. Trace the path of a cheeseburger and fries through the digestive tract. Indicate each place where mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, and absorption occurs FOR EACH NUTRIENT (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins). Be sure to fully explain the role of EACH organ involved (including the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). In the mouth – food is crushed and chewed by teeth (mechanical digestion) and moistened with saliva. The carbohydrate-digesting enzyme of saliva begins to break down the starch (chemical digestion) of the hamburger buns and fries to sugars. When swallowing, the tongue forces the food mass into the back of the mouth and the food moves through the esophagus to the stomach by peristalsis. In the stomach – Food collects in the upper area of stomach where is it mixed and mashed (mechanical digestion) and starch continues to be digested until cells in the stomach release a strong acid mixture of gastric juice, water, HCl and enzymes to initiate protein digestion from bread and meat (chemical digestion), creating chyme. Peristalsis also aids in moving the chyme from the stomach to the small intestine (mechanical digestion)...
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...object or substance to vibrate this is when the energy is transferred through the substance in a wave. The energy in sound is far less than other forms of energy. Light is a form of energy which our sense of sight can detect. It is made of electro-magnetic radiation and travels in a straight path. The speed of light travels at about 300,000 kilometres per second, meaning that nothing travels faster than light. Chemical energy is an energy that is stored in chemicals, such as sugar and gasoline. Chemical energy is the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction. Laws of energy conservation: The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, just transformed from one form to another. These forms can include kinetic and potential energy as well as light, heat and sound. Energy can also be transferred between objects. Since energy cannot be created or destroyed, the amount of energy present in the universe is always the same. It is simply being transformed and transferred over and over again. An importance of this law is that energy can only be transformed from one state to another. The only thing that can happen to energy in a closed system is that it can change, for example instance chemical energy can become kinetic energy. Energy in the body: Many people believe that energy in only used within muscular activity and...
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