...Cabin Fever: Patient Zero Since I love watching movies, I decided to find a movie on Netflix that relates to diseases and I found Cabin Fever: Patient Zero. Cabin Zero is about a group of friends taking their soon to be married friend to an island for his bachelor party. When arriving to the island, they realize there was no one on the island but them. They were perfectly fine with that. By being on the island by themselves, gives them time to bond together. Most bachelor parties consist of all men, but this one was three men and a woman. All four of them grew up together. As soon as they have arrived on the island, the groom and his best friend decided to set up the tent and start grilling; while the groom’s brother and his girlfriend decided to go scuba diving. While scuba diving they were having trouble seeing water creatures. The decided to go a little bit deeper. While doing deeper into the sea, all they saw was dead creatures. The fish looked...
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...revenue-producing patient services departments using the direct method. Two cost drivers are under consideration: patient services revenue and hours of housekeeping services used. The patient services departments generated $5million in total revenues in 2007, and to support these clinical activities, they used 5,000 hours of housekeeping services. 1) What is the value of cost pool? Sol)A critical part of cost measurement at the subunit level is the assignment or allocation, of indirect costs. Cost allocation is essentially a pricing process within the organization whereby managers allocate the costs of one department to other departments. To assign costs, two important elements must be identified: a cost pool and a cost driver. A cost pool is a grouping of costs that must be allocated. Hence the value of Cost pool for the above question is $100,000. 2) What is the allocation rate if: a. Patient services revenue is used as the cost driver? Sol) Allocation rate = Cost pool/patient services revenue = $ 100,000/$5,000,000 = $0.02 per dollar of patient services revenue. b. Hours of housekeeping services is used as the cost driver? Sol) Allocation rate = Cost pool/hours of housekeeping services = $100,000/5000 = $20 per hour consumed for housekeeping services. 3) What is a cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis and why is it useful to health services managers? Sol) Profit analysis is an analytical...
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...value is $100 K. 2aWhat is the allocation rate if patient services revenue is used as the cost driver? The cost pool, which must be found first, is the total cost of the Housekeeping department which is $100,000, while the patient services revenue was 5,000.00. The Allocation Rate equals the cost pool divided by the patient services revenue. That would be 100,000 divided by 5,000.00(100,000/5,000). The Allocation Rate is 0.02 for each of dollar of patient services revenue. = 100,000/ 5,000,000 = 0.02 for each dollar of patient services revenue. 2 b What is the allocation rate if hours of housekeeping services department is used as the cost driver? Allocation rate = cost pool/ hours of housekeeping department = 100,000/ 5000 = $20 per hour of services provided. 3 What is a cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis and why is it useful to health services managers? Profit analysis is an analytical technique used to analyze the effects of volume changes on costs, and hence this analysis is often called cost-volume-profit or (CVP). 4 Compare and contrast the following three methods of developing capitation rates: fee for services approach, cost approach and demographic approach. Fee for services is a reimbursement method that provides payment each time a service is rendered to a patient (Gapenski, p634). Under fee for services agreements...
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...topics: value of the cost pool; The Housekeeping Service department of Ruger Clinic scenario; cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis; capitation rates: fee-for-service approach; cost approach, and demographic approach, and conventional versus zero-based budgeting. Key words: cost pool value, cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis; capitation rates: fee-for-service; cost, and demographic approaches, and conventional versus zero-based budgeting. Ruger Clinic 1. What is the value of the cost pool? A cost pool is “a grouping of costs that must be allocated” (Gapenski, pg 165) but “it may be beneficial to separate the costs of that support department into multiple pools” (Gapenski, pg 166) if services of the support department differ substantially. For our scenario the value of the cost pool is $100,000 in direct total costs of the Housekeeping Services department. 2. What is the allocation rate if: a) Patient services revenue is used as the cost driver? The formula for the allocation rate when patient services is used as the cost driver looks like this: Patient Services Revenue: $100,000 (direct costs) / $ 5,000,000 (patient revenue) = $0.02 per revenue dollar (allocation rate). Per Gapenski on page 177, “The patient services department heads are being fairly charged for Housekeeping services, and more importantly, patient services managers can take actions to lower the allocated amounts by reducing the amount of these services used.” ...
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...used to analyzes changes in profit as they are related to sales, volume, cost and pricing. This is an important tool for managers because the information the analysis provides is used to project various operation requirements. A cost volume profit analysis reflects: which product or service should be focused on, the volume needed to reach the maximum profit requirements, the amount of revenue required to minimize losses, how to manage fixed cost, how to budget and it can identify areas of risk (Wiley, 2004). The Coleco Adam was a word processor that was used in the work place to run reports and it was also used as a computerized gaming program toy for children (Peel, 1984). Coleco had great expectations for the Adam; it was expected to be the item that would allow Coleco to take over the children’s electronic game market for the Christmas holiday season in 1982 (Wiley, 2004). What Coleco expected and what actually happened was two different things. Coleco also manufactured a doll called the ‘Cabbage Patch’. Both the Adam and the Cabbage Patch Doll were introduced to the market during the 1982 holiday season, the Cabbage Patch Doll became the number one selling item, while the Adam plummeted to the bottom causing Coleco to loose money on their projected priority market item. If Coleco had done a CVP analysis they would have been more prepared to manage their product volume, pricing and risk. The company was not prepared to handle the increased product demand for...
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...Unit 3 Case Study 5454 unread replies.5454 replies. Bellow you will find a clinical case study. The case study starts with a description of a patients’ medical history, followed by discussion question/s. First, you have to analyze the medical history of the patient. As you read the patient’s information: * Highlight any risk factors that might exist, existing medical conditions, present signs and symptoms or complains that the patient is suffering from. * Analyze the results of any diagnostic tests that were performed. Diagnostic tests include, physical exams, blood test, radiologic tests (x-ray, CT scans, etc.), and other functional tests. * Relate the medical treatment used to the underlying pathology. * Propose clinical management plan for the patient’s condition, and possible prognosis. You are encouraged to discuss the cases with other students and in groups, however, each student should submit the analysis of the case study in their own words through discussions. Students should submit their case study through the “Discussion” link AND the “Turnitin Dropbox” link for that case study available on the course’s main page. If you fail to submit your case study through both links your case study will not be graded. Turnitin is an automated system which instructors can use to quickly and easily compare each student's assignment with billions of web sites, as well as an enormous database of student papers that grows with each submission.Accordingly, you...
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...data use to compare and analysis. Hospital statistics Includes current and historical data on utilization revenue, expenses, person and mush morel Will describe numerical data, numerical count, statically analysis, and four levels of Measurement. Numerical data. Bennett, Briggs, and Troika (2009). Numerical Numerical data is identified, measured, and numerical scale. Numerical data can be Displayed using charts, tables, and graphs. Example I work at medical floor is a busy floor. The Physician is always order many test for the new admit patient. Such as Order the patient, take X-Ray, EKG, CAT scan, GI lab so on. For example, if the patients come back for GI lab.Nurse has To take vital sign every 15 minutes times four, every 30 minutes times two, and one-hour time One. This Vital sign was taken to compare how the vital sign are difference between them. If the vital Sign Drop too low or too high that will nurse alert nurse to check the patient and report to the Physician right away. This entire vital sign nurse has to record in the computer that will show in Line graph. The line graph is easy to compare between the time when the nurses was taken In addition, how different of blood pressure. Bennett, Briggs, and Troika (2009) Numerical count I work at four southwest that has thirty-two beds. All nurses works 12 hours per shift. Before the shift change approximately two hours charge nurse has to count how many patient Do we have and will...
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...research identifies two operating ratios donors commonly use to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of nonprofits (i.e., the program service ratio, defined as the fraction of total expenses committed to advancing the charitable mission of the organization, and the fundraising ratio, defined as the ratio of fundraising expenses to donations revenue). Nonprofit managers have an incentive to over-report the expenses classified as program services and under-report the expenses classified as administrative and fundraising in order to improve these ratios. We examine whether nonprofits respond to these incentives, and we find evidence consistent with opportunistic cost shifting to improve the program service and fundraising ratios. Additional analysis finds that smaller nonprofits that are more reliant on donations revenue manipulate their operating ratios to a greater extent. JEL classification: M4; L3 Key words: Nonprofit organizations, earnings management, disclosure, hospitals. ______________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author. Tel.: (319) 335-0841; fax (319) ; email: robert_yetman@uiowa.edu 1 We thank Ashiq Ali, Ramji Balakrishnan, Leslie Eldenburg, Lil Mills, Shiva Sivaramakrishnan, and workshop participants at the University of Arizona and Texas A&M University for their helpful comments. 1. Introduction This...
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...improvement of quality care and safety. Statistics are also used to measure employee compliance in regards to hand washing and proper use of policies and procedures. We also use charts and graphs to show infection rates, skin integrity, falls within the facility, budget concerns, and many more. These graphs help hospital personal improve care and safety to provide quality care to all patients. Graphs can also be used to measure patient and employee satisfaction. Descriptive statistics are used to describe the basic features of the data in a study and do not involve generalizing the data that has been collected. They provide simple summaries about the sample and the measures. Together with simple graphics analysis, they form the basis of virtually every quantitative analysis of data (Trochim, 2006). An example of descriptive statistics used at my workplace can be the number of patients that are admitted into the hospital on a Monday versus a patient admitted on any other day of the week. This information can also be broken down into more descriptive categories such as how many patient were men, women , children, what is their diagnosis, why were they admitted, and so on and so forth. We use inferential statistics to make judgments of the probability that an observed difference between groups is a dependable one or one that might have happened by chance in this study, you are trying to reach a conclusions that extend beyond the immediate data alone (Trochim, 2006)...
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...revenue-producing patient services departments using the direct method. Two cost drivers are under consideration: patient services revenue and hours of housekeeping services used. The patient services departments generated $5million in total revenues in 2007, and to support these clinical activities, they used 5,000 hours of housekeeping services. 1 What is the value of the cost pool? The allocated amount of the cost pool is $100,000 which is the result of the Housekeeping Service department’s direct costs for 2007. 2 What is the allocation rate if: A. Patient services revenue is used as the cost driver? According to Gapenski (2008), the cost driver is the basis which the cost poll is allotted. Therefore, the 2007 cost pool allocation amount divided by the 2007 generated patient revenues will result in an allocation rate of 0.02 ($100,000 / $5,000,000 = 0.02) B. Hours of housekeeping services is used as the cost driver? The 2007 cost pool allocation amount divided by the total hours (cost driver) of housekeeping services will result in an allocation rate of $20.00 per hour ($100,000 / 5,000 = 20.) 3 What is a cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis and why is it useful to health service managers? Cost –volume-profit (CVP) is defined as the technique that is applied to an organization’s cost and revenue structure which analyzes the volume effect changes on costs and profits (Gapenski, 2008, p. 632). In addition , this analysis is also known as profit analysis which is an...
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...University of Pennsylvania, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6218, United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t The conventional theory of optimal coinsurance rates for health insurance with moral hazard indicates that coinsurance should vary with the price responsiveness or price-elasticity of demand for different medical services. An alternative theory called “value-based cost sharing” indicates that coinsurance should be lower for services with higher (marginal) benefits relative to costs. This paper reconciles the two views. It shows that, if patient demands are based on correct information, optimal coinsurance is the same under either theory. If patient demands differ from informed demands, optimal coinsurance depends both on information imperfection and price responsiveness. Value-based cost sharing can be superior to providing information (even if the cost of information is minimal) when patient demands fall short of informed demands. An extended numerical example illustrates these points. © 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V. Article history: Received 17 August 2007 Received in revised form 20 June 2008 Accepted 8 July 2008 Available online 18 July 2008 JEL classification: I11 Keywords: Health insurance Moral hazard Value-based cost sharing 1. Introduction Almost all private health insurances in the United States leave some fraction, usually modest, of spending on covered services unreimbursed. While the proportion of personal health expenditures American...
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...of hospital-acquired infection (Bashir, 2012). The purpose of this paper is to explain why central line infections occur and how nurses can prevent these infections. Practice Setting Problem Over ninety thousand central line infections occur each year in the United States. While many of these are treated, it is noted that twenty-five percent of these infections end in death (Bashir, 2012). Despite the noted decrease of central line infections in the United States, the Center of Disease Control states that the current rate of infection is approximately three infections per one thousand catheter days (Bashir, 2012). Central line catheters provide an entry point for bacteria to enter the body into a person’s bloodstream. This leaves patients at risk for local and systemic infections. Bloodstream infections from catheter infections one week after the central line was placed, has been shown to come from that patient’s skin flora (Bashir, 2012). It has been shown that skin flora at the insertion site of the catheter is the most common source of catheter colonization of bacteria resulting in a central line infection. Studies have proven that what and how a nurse cleans the skin prior to insertion of the catheter will reduce the risk of a central line infection (Bashir,...
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...Social Issues and Ethics in Computer Science and Engineering Introduction Therac –25 is a medical linear accelerator that was developed by AELC .A linear accelerator (linac) is a particle accelerator, a gadget that increases the energy of electrically charged atomic particles. Linacs are use mainly in hospitals to treat cancer patients .During treatment a patient is exposed to beam of radiation in doses designed to kill a malignancy.(Grolier, 1985) The Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice is a practical frame- work for moral decision-making related to problems that software engineers may encounter. (Quinn, 2013) Between June 1995 and January 1987, six patients were seriously injured and some killed by poor administration of radiation from the Therac-25 medical linear accelerator. This paper therefore seeks to explore the causes behind the accidents, the software bugs that were associated with the machine. In addition the paper will also cover some of list the clauses that are violated in the code of ethics of software engineering and explain how they relate to the action or inaction that led to the overexposure incident Technical errors in Therac-25 software One of the major weaknesses that is associated with Therac-25 software was in the lack of formal testing procedures. As results certain errors remained in the software as the product got distributed to the consumers. One of the errors that...
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...Use of Statistical Information HCS/438 August 6, 2012 Use of Statistical Information Statistics is defined as “the science of collecting, organizing, and interpreting data” (Bennett, Briggs, & Triola, 2009). For most patients and their families, the process of healthcare appears simple. People with illnesses are admitted into a hospital facility and a specific course of treatment is identified and the care is carried out by a team of physicians, nurses, and social workers. What is not noticed is a specialized resource team aimed at keeping all patients safe throughout the course of their hospitalization. This paper will identify how statistics are utilized in the infection prevention setting, identify one example of descriptive statistics, identify one example of inferential statistics, explain data at each of the four levels of measurement and describe the advantages of accurate interpretation of statistical information to improve decision making in the workplace. How Are Statistics Used in Your Workplace There are many uses for statistical application in the field of infection prevention and control. The purpose of infection prevention and control is to put into place policies and procedures that minimize the spread of infections, especially in the hospital setting. The primary function of infection prevention and control surveillance is to reduce the occurrence of infections by using risk factors and implementation of risk-risk reduction measures and the...
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...This post code analysis will describe, discuss and analyse health resources and structures within a location and its population as well as it’s specific demands on paramedic skills and disposition. The postcode selected was based upon a recent paramedic clinical placement, this location is the Port Macquarie – Hastings area (2444) and will also reflect how unique problems associated with geography, demographics, spatial, equities and the links between these factors and the quality of pre-hospital and emergency care and includes SES profile for patient groups with their common reasons for calling triple zero. Geography can impact healthcare in numerous ways that can have positive and or negative effects, depending on where one lives will...
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