...Defending Justice Douglas’s Dissent of Terry v. Ohio Defending Justice Douglas’s Dissent of Terry v. Ohio Terry v. Ohio is a landmark supreme court case that started on October 31st, 1963, in Cleveland, Ohio, when police officer Martin McFadden observed three men engaging in suspicious behavior. At first, two men, John W. Terry and Richard Chilton, were taking turns pacing up and down Euclid Avenue, stopping to peer into a storefront, then congregating at the street corner. Later, a third party (Katz), met the two at the corner then left abruptly after brief conversation. Officer McFadden then confronted the three men, searched their outer garments under the suspicion of criminal intent, and found a pistol on Terry and another on Chilton. Terry’s defense argued the gun found on Terry was inadmissible in court as evidence, stating that his 4th Amendment right to protection from unreasonable search and seizures was violated. The court denied the defendants' motion on the ground that Officer McFadden, on the basis of his experience, "had reasonable cause to believe . . . that the defendants were conducting themselves suspiciously, and some interrogation should be made of their action." Purely for his own protection, the court held, the officer had the right to pat down the outer clothing of these men, who he had reasonable cause to believe might be armed. The Supreme Court of Ohio dismissed their appeal on the ground that no “substantial constitutional question” was involved...
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...No. 99-159C (Filed: July 13, 2001) __________ CENTEX CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, * INC., * * Plaintiff, * * v. * * THE UNITED STATES, * * Defendant. Summary Judgment; Contract Interpretation; FAR; Specifications and Drawings for Construction Clause; Detail in Drawing Held Part of Contract; Additional Compensation Denied __________ Gina M. Vitiello and Seth Price, Atlanta, Georgia, for plaintiff. Erin E. Powell, Civil Division, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., with whom was Assistant Attorney General David W. Ogden, for defendant. ___________ OPINION __________ ALLEGRA, Judge: The basic issue in this case is whether the contract in question, to construct an addition to a Veteran=s Administration medical facility, required the installation of channel bracing in stud walls with door openings. If it did not, then plaintiff is entitled to additional compensation for ultimately having to install those braces; if the contract did so provide, then plaintiff is entitled to no compensation. After careful consideration of the briefs filed and the oral argument, and for the reasons discussed below, the court concludes that the contract required the channel bracing and, therefore, GRANTS defendant=s motion for summary judgment. I. Statement of Facts On or about September 30, 1993, the Department of Veterans Affairs (AVA@) entered into Contract No. V101DC0086 with Centex Construction Company, Inc. (ACentex@ or Aplaintiff@) to construct a clinical addition and Spinal Chord...
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...for this course will be based on a combination of class lectures, group discussions and presentations, and a group paper. Students are encouraged to contribute to the learning process by drawing on their professional and business experience in class discussions and projects. Learning outcomes in this course will include an understanding of the principles of international marketing, an appreciation of the relevance of politics, culture and international agreements to the conduct of international business, familiarity with the basic concepts of marketing and supply chain management, and an ability to produce an international marketing plan. II. METHOD OF EVALUATION: Mid-term exam Presentation of Assigned Case Study Group report on Assigned case study Group Project Presentation Written Group Paper 20% 10% 10%...
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...retention challenges. Given the large investments in employee retention efforts within organizations, it is rational to identify, analyze and critique the motivation theories underlying employee retention in organizations. Low unemployment levels can force many organizations to re-examine employee retention strategies as part of their efforts to maintain and increase their competitiveness but rarely develop these strategies from existing theories. The author therefore describes the importance of retaining critical employee and explains how employee retention practices can be more effective by identifying, analyzing and critiquing employee motivation theories and showing the relationship between employee motivation and employee retention. CASE STUDY ON ZINTEPEE TECHNOLOGIES If you believe that people can "make or break" an organization, then it is critical to know something about human behavior, such knowledge will be useful to you when selecting and training employees, trying...
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...Urban Transportation Scott D. Ulrich Cleveland State University UST 302 May 7, 2015 The development of urban transportation has not changed with the cities; cities have changed with transportation. In the early years of transportation it was the mass transit of horse and buggies or electric rail cars that shaped cities. Then as the automobile became affordable to the public, personal transportation redefined the city as it was known. It is the automobile and the movement to the suburbs that has public transportation struggling to make money today. The very first transportation was with the horse. Then someone came up with the idea to pair a horse up with a buggy. Now four to six people could be carried at one time. These horse and buggies began to be common sight in cities and public transportation was born. Before the horse and buggy people were confined to the distance they could walk, so cities could not grow much. People lived in the central business district because that is where they worked. Now with the simple horse and buggy, people that can afford the transportation can move a mile or two out of the central city (Taaffe, Guathier, O’Kelly 2000). The big explosion of growth and increased ridership came at the turn of the century. The cause of this explosion was the electric streetcars that were installed in many cities. Whichever direction the rail lines were laid down and the streetcar moved, people began building their homes...
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...Flor Payan Prof. Jane Doe ENG 1102 November 17, 2014 Homelessness: Its Roots and Implications Everybody has been in touch with homelessness in America in one way or another. Either by looking at homeless people on the streets while driving home, or in a more unfortunate way, by dealing with it personally or knowing someone who deals with homelessness. It is clear that homelessness is a multifactorial problem, and its ramifications and consequences go beyond the simple fact of not having a home to call our own. Homelessness seems to affect more some segments of the population and some ethnic backgrounds more than others. With such facts, we can ask: what is the origin of homelessness? How someone becomes homeless? What can we do, as a society, to fight homelessness? And more importantly, why the strategies designed to fight homelessness are not working as effectively as expected? Considering the fact that hundreds of thousands of people are homeless and millions more at risk, as moderate estimates tell, the problem is clearly worse than we would like to think. There are clearly understood circumstances that create homelessness in America. Now “it is generally believed that the increase incidence of homelessness in the US has arisen from broad societal factors”, and economist and sociologists have found that homelessness is directly related to “changes in the institutionalization of the mentally ill, increases in drug addiction and alcohol usage, etc” (Quigley and Raphael)...
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...Cleveland State University EngagedScholarship@CSU Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications Civil and Environmental Engineering 6-2013 1976 Montreal Olympics: Case Study of Project Management Failure Ashish Patel HWH Architects Engineers Planners, Inc, abp@hwhaep.com Paul A. Bosela Cleveland State University, p.bosela@csuohio.edu Norbert Delatte Cleveland State University, N.DELATTE@csuohio.edu Follow this and additional works at: http://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/encee_facpub Part of the Civil Engineering Commons, and the Construction Engineering and Management Commons Publisher's Statement © ASCE Original Citation Patel, A., Bosela, P., and Delatte, N. (2013). "1976 Montreal Olympics: Case Study of Project Management Failure." J.Perform.Constr.Facil., 27(3), 362-369. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Civil and Environmental Engineering at EngagedScholarship@CSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of EngagedScholarship@CSU. For more information, please contact library.es@csuohio.edu. 1976 Montreal Olympics: Case Study of Project Management Failure Ashish Patel1 ; Paul A. Bosela, F.ASCE2 ; and Norbert J. Delatte, F.ASCE3 Introduction On May 12. 1970. extensive lobbyi ng and d iplomacy by Montreal Mayor Jean Drapeau paid off when Montreal was awarded the 1976 O lympic Games over strong bids...
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...The Diversity of the Mythological Creature Vampire Through Time and History It’s been a hundred years since Bram Stoker’s Dracula, and the vampire and its tales have swept the world in a whirlwind craze. Since, there has always been a fascination with the mystery of a vampire. Someone wearing plastic fangs, a cape, and black evening clothes will instantly remind you of the mythological creature. The much feared creature is and was portrayed in a number of ways. In the early days when they were just folklore, vampires were blood sucking predators and feared pale stalkers. In Vampire God: the Allure of the Dead in the Western Culture (2009), discussing the popularity of vampires in society, Mary Y. Hallab says that the folklore vampire is constantly compared to the other supernatural beings like witches and werewolf’s, and today’s concept is also a confused being, a zombie? A lover? Hallab states that “vampires are only those figures—folkloric, mythical, or literary—who are dead humans who are still capable of behaving as though they are alive.” Today, vampires have become a culture of their own, and are a huge part of mainstream pop culture. The Twilight Cullen’s and Sesame Street’s Count Dracula have a whole new appeal on adults and children. The appeal is not always good. According to Vampire Gothic, which is about vampire gothic cultures in United States, Teresa A. Goddu discusses a teenage vampire clan that was discovered in Murray, Kentucky, that was found...
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...Collaboration to Build Healthier Communities A Report for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Commission to Build a Healthier America Wilder Research Wilder Research Wilder Research Report prepared for the RWJF Commission to Build a Healthier America by Paul W. Mattessich, Ph.D. Wilder Research Saint Paul, Minnesota Ela J. Rausch, M.P . .P Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Minneapolis, Minnesota With support from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation June 2013 Creating Healthy Communities Cross-sector partnerships are sparking widespread action to improve community health COATESVILLE , PA SEATTLE, WA Access to healthy foods Access to preventative care and healthy housing LOS ANGELES , CA Quality early child care and education CHICAGO, IL Data and evidence to build health into all policies and practices MIAMI , FL Opportunities for physical activity and healthy living health community development • community development finance • community planning • early child care/education • human services • housing Introduction “ Building a healthier America is feasible in years, not decades, if we collaborate and act on what is making a difference.” —Robert Wood Johnson Foundation In 2008, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation convened a commission of nonpartisan leaders to identify opportunities to improve the health of all Americans by creating environments that protect and actively promote health. Their report, Beyond Health Care:...
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...and flowing to the National Mall. While parts of the MBT run on 16 rails to trails u spring/summer.10 RTC’s Stephen Miller helps clip on a new helmet during a bicycle giveaway along part of the Met Branch. For the October 2009 event, RTC partnered with the Beacon House—a tutoring and mentoring organization in the Edgewood neighborhood of Washington, D.C.—to give bicycles (pictured below), locks, helmets and safety instruction to 40 students. A completed section of the Met Branch that runs parallel to Takoma Avenue near Silver Spring, Md. busy streets today, the goal is to create a trail that’s completely off-road. In many ways, the creation process of the MBT and its integration with the surrounding community serves as a case study for urban trail development. As Rails-to-Trails Conservancy (RTC) looks to promote the MBT and revitalize underused trails in numerous metropolitan areas, it is building out a set of best practices to inform its Urban Pathways Initiative, or UPI. Funded in December 2008 by a three-year grant from The Kresge Foundation, UPI partners with civic, commercial and nonprofit groups to create trails, including the MBT, that...
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...western society. At #3 is Gautama Buddha, who is the spiritual teacher and founder of Buddhism. Lord Buddha has played a large role in the growth of many people of asian descent and offers a religion to the world that can be seen as very peaceful. At #4 is David, King of Israel or rather the Biblical King of Israel. As the founder of Jerusalem, he has empowered the Jewish nation to take on a large amount of influence in various aspects of the world, including the entertainment industry. At #5 is Ali, the founder of Sufism. Ali is a central figure in Sufism due to being anearly Caliph, expanding the religious world. Continuing the list at #6 is Joseph Smith, Jr.. He is one of America's religious leaders who actually founded a religion; in his case it is Mormonism. At #7 is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi who was an Indian nationalist leader. Being instrumental in non-violence and...
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...factors of the criminal behavior Prof. Dr. Ayman Elzeiny First : - Introduction to crime : The information about the crime reaches to the public may be through the newspapers , television programs, films, and novels . Some of us have accumulated experience with crime by having ourselves been victims or knowing others who have been victims, some by being offenders (or at least defendants), or knowing such individuals, and others by being occupationally concerned with prevention of crime or supervision of people found guilty of violating the law . There's many difficulties to offer a wholly satisfactory definition of the crime, a word frequently used and a phenomenon often encountered . For the purposes of scholarly study specifically, the amassing of reliable statistics, development of explanations and theories, and preparation of sound public policy a definition more exact than the mental images held by the public is essential . Crime is a by-product of civilization. Most civilized members of society obey authority and conform to the norms prevailing in their culture. Their obedience and compliance may vary in degree, but law-abiding citizens remain within the limits of tolerance. Crime then is a sociopolitical event subject to the definitions of the society in which it occurs. The social response to crime in terms of treatment of offenders is dependent upon the advance of the civilization and the affluence of the society. Public policy is always a blend...
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...E-Commerce and B2B Business One of the characteristics of a B2B product is that in many cases it is bought by a committee of buyers. It is important to understand what a brand means to these buyers. Buyers are usually well-versed with costing levels and specifications. Also, due to constant monitoring of the market, these buyers would have excellent knowledge of the products too. In many cases the purchases are specification driven. As a result of this, it is vital that brands are clearly defined and target the appropriate segment. As explained above, every one product can only be associated with one brand. Because of this, it is vital that companies find a white space for their brand, an uncontested category to occupy space in the minds of the buyer (Fitzgerald, M. (2001). In differentiating one’s brand, companies can use various strategies, often referring to the origin of the goods or the processes used to manufacture the product(s). Some have identified up to 13 such strategies. Depending on the company’s history, the competitive landscape, occupied spaces and white spaces, there could be one or many strategies that any company could use. Ultimately, a strong B-2-B brand will reduce the perceived risk for the buyer and help sell the brand. B2b, or business-to-business, is a sort of trade transaction that is focused around the trade of items and administrations from business to business, instead of business to purchaser (Friedman, M. (2001). A run of the mill inventory...
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...Religion and Peace 22 indicative hours ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The focus of this study is the distinctive response of religious traditions to the issue of peace. Syllabus Outcomes: H1 explains aspects of religion and belief systems H2 describes and analyses the influence of religion and belief systems on individuals and society H5 evaluates the influence of religious traditions in the life of adherents H6 organises, analyses and synthesises relevant information about religion from a variety of sources, considering usefulness, validity and bias H7 conducts effective research about religion and evaluates the findings from the research H8 applies appropriate terminology and concepts related to religion and belief systems H9 coherently and effectively communicates complex information, ideas and issues using appropriate written, oral and graphic forms. Incorporating a Catholic emphasis: In approaching the teaching of this unit within the context of a Catholic Religious Education program it is expected that: 1. Each lesson would begin with prayer that is meaningful for students and pertinent to current local...
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...one of the poorest teams in baseball, the Oakland Athletics, win so many games? For more than a decade the people who run professional baseball have argued that the game was ceasing to be an athletic competition and becoming a financial one. The gap between rich and poor in baseball was far greater than in any other professional sport, and widening rapidly. At the opening of the 2002 season, the richest team, the New York Yankees, had a payroll of $126 million while the two poorest teams, the Oakland A's and the Tampa Bay Devil Rays, had payrolls of less than a third of that, about $40 million. A decade before, the highest payroll team, the New York Mets, had spent about $44 million on baseball players and the lowest payroll team, the Cleveland Indians, a bit more than $8 million. The raw disparities meant that only the rich teams could afford the best players. A poor team could afford only the maimed and the inept, and was almost certain to fail. Or so argued the people who ran baseball. And I was inclined to...
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