Introduction
Conflict is defined as a confrontation, between one or more parties aspiring towards incompatible or competitive ends. Conflict is Latin meaning to clash or engage in fight, hence it can be define as a misunderstanding or a dispute between two or more parties. It is a clash of basic needs or resources. Conflict appears in different forms that is, interstate, intrastate and state formation conflicts. All these conflicts have to be solved through various stages which include conflict management, conflict resolution and conflict transformation. The stages for solving conflict are discussed below.
Main discussion a. Conflict Management
Conflict management is a practice of recognising and dealing with disputes in a rational, balanced and effective way Baregu (1999). The above statement suggests that conflict management is trying to avoid or stop a conflict from escalating and this should be done in an active manner. Conflict management is achieved by the use of good negotiation skills, effective communication and problem solving abilities. This means that, those involved in conflict management should be expects, those people who are able to use the conflict tree and deal with the root cause and the perspectives of the disputing parties rather than their positions, so as to reach a common ground thus managing the conflict.
Most conflicts are rarely completely solved, but commonly they are downgraded, reduced or contained thus conflict management is a constant process Zartman (1997). In conflict management techniques such as elections have been introduced, for example, the current political conflict in Kenya was ceased by elections where Uhuru Kenyata was elected the president. Conflict management can be conducted by different parties such as the Nongovernmental organisations, government or international organisations.
Moreover, conflict is an