...DRINK TO SERVE TO HIS CUSTOMERS. HE SUCCEEDED BEYOND ALL EXPECTATIONS, INVENTING THE BEVERAGE NOW KNOWN AROUND THE WORLD AS ... PEPSI-COLA. 3 PEPSI’S BEGINNINGS PEPSI’S BEGINNINGS Caleb Bradham knew that to keep people returning to his pharmacy, he would have to turn it into a gathering place. Like many pharmacists at the turn of the century, he had a soda fountain in his drugstore, where he served his customers refreshing drinks that he created himself. His most popular creation was a unique mixture of carbonated water, kola nuts, vanilla and rare oils, named “Brad’s Drink” by his customers. Caleb decided to rename it “Pepsi-Cola,” and advertised his new soft drink to enthusiastic customers. Sales of Caleb Bradham (circled) was too focused on serving his customers Pepsi-Cola to pose for this picture. Pepsi-Cola started to grow, convincing him to form a company and market the new beverage. In 1902, he launched the Pepsi-Cola Company in the back room of his pharmacy, and applied to the U.S. Patent Office for a trademark. An official patent was awarded on June 16, 1903. At first, he mixed the syrup himself and sold it exclusively through soda fountains. But soon Caleb recognized that a greater opportunity existed—to bottle Pepsi-Cola so that people everywhere could enjoy it. 4 BUILDING THE BUSINESS BUILDING THE BUSINESS Advertising Pepsi-Cola as “Exhilarating, Invigorating, Aids Digestion,” the business began to grow. Caleb sold 7,968 gallons of syrup in 1903....
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...to the bottler Key production investment areas like machinery, overhead and labor A typical manufacturing plant cost - $25 million to $50 million Customer Development Agreements (CDA) with retailers like Wal-Mart Significant costs were spent for advertising, promotion, market research Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola claimed a combined 74.8% of the U.S. CSD market in sales volume in 2004 2. Bottlers • • Purchased concentrate Added carbonated water and high-fructose corn syrup Bottled or canned the resulting CSD product Delivered it to customer account • • 2. Bottlers • • Bottling process is capital intensive. Packaging accounted for 40% to 45% of cost of sales and same for concentrate and sweeteners for 5% to 10%. Coke and Pepsi bottlers offered “direct store door” delivery. Under Cooperative merchandizing agreements retailers agreed to promotional activities for sales of soft drinks • • 3. Retail Channels In 2004, distribution of CSDs in U.S. was through: • • • • • • Super Markets (32.9%) Fountain outlets(23.4%) Vending Machines(14.5%) Mass Merchandisers(11.8%) Convenience Stores &Gas Stations(7.9%) Other outlets(9.5%) 4. Suppliers • Coke and Pepsi were among the Metal Can industry’s largest customers. Major Can producers- Ball, Rexam, Crown Cork & Seal • Evolution of Coke • • • • •...
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...Investment Analysis Meshanda Mitchell Acc 557 – Financial Accounting Strayer University Dr. Peter Nwaogu December 7, 2012 Investment Analysis In 1965, Pepsi Co was created through a merger of two companies Pepsi Cola and Frito Lay by Donald M. Kendall, President and Chief Executive Officer of Pepsi-Cola and Herman W. Lay, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Frito-Lay. Pepsi was originally founded in 1898 by Caleb Bradham, a New Bern, North Carolina, druggist, who first formulated Pepsi-Cola. Today, Pepsi is part of a portfolio of drinks that includes carbonated and non-carbonated drinks such as soft drinks, juices and juice drinks, ready-to-drink teas and coffee drinks, isotonic sports drinks, bottled water and enhanced waters. PepsiCo operates in four major fields. These fields include: PepsiCo Americas Beverages, PepsiCo Americas Foods, based in America PepsiCo Europe, and PepsiCo Asia, Middle East and Africa. The Pepsi-Cola Company is the world’s second largest beverage company. Pepsi-Cola beverages are available in about 170 countries. The product that has given the world its best-known taste was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on May 8, 1886. Dr. John Stith Pemberton, a local pharmacist, produced the syrup for Coca-Cola, and carried a jug of the new product down the street to Jacobs' Pharmacy, where it was sampled, pronounced "excellent" and placed on sale for five cents a glass as a soda fountain drink. Carbonated water was teamed with the new syrup to produce a...
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...A look into the world of carbonated drinks will lead you straight to two of the biggest suppliers The Coca Cola Company and Pepsi Inc. Both of these companies provide a rich source of services and products but you will always find that consumers are still stuck with the question of which company provides the best overall product. Simply said.. Are you a Coke or Pepsi fan? I will examine both Coca Cola and Pepsi roots and determine which will provide the optimal solution for investors. John Pemberton an Atlanta pharmacist created Coca Cola by accident. In 1886 while in his home mixing some caramel and colored liquid Pemberton tasted what would soon be the first sampling of the future Coca Cola. Pemberton decided to take his mixture to a nearby pharmacy and add carbonated water to change the taste. He was determined this was the next big invention and convinced Jacob’s Pharmacy to allow him to let customers sample his product for five cents a glass. Knowing that the sampling was a success Pemberton took the idea to his friend and bookkeeper Frank Robinson who helped to name and create the signature script for Coca Cola that would be still used to today. During its first year in Jacob’s Pharmacy nine glasses of Coca Cola was served per day. Only two years into its discovery John Pemberton would pass away but his ideas would evolve as did the people involved with Coca Cola’s development (“Heritage timeline,”2012). Soon after Pemberton’s passing Asa Griggs Candler...
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...dimensions. Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola Companies have chosen to be socially conscious through their marketing efforts to improve its positive effects on society and reduce it negative effects through the way they manage brands, marketing strategy, positioning strategies and how they market to their consumers while striving for prosperity. How Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola Company does advances and manages its brand? According to Ahmet, C Bozer, president of the Coca-Cola Company’s Eurasia and Africa Group, states in the article, “How Coca-Cola Manages 90 Emerging Markets” that Coca Cola advances and manages its brand by finding the right mix. Coca Cola is a global company, therefore, it is important the brand is relevant locally also. To do this is to treat each country differently, while keeping and communicating the same message and brand architecture (www.coca cola.com). Pepsi Cola’s plan for how the company advances and manages its brand, is similar to Coca Cola, in that Pepsi Cola is also global and maintaining relevance locally and globally in products that appeal to local tastes and needs, and also working with local supply chain and encouraging people to live balance and healthy lives (www.Pepsi Cola.com). Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola Company marketing strategy In reading the 60 marketer, Coke vs. Pepsi: Why Coke is a More Valuable Brand than Pepsi, the founder, Jamie Turner states that when you think about Coke you think of more grounded traditions, like America, red, white and blue...
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...Pepsi Project Table of Contents Executive Summary Pepsi (PEP) Background Statement of Cash Flows Analysis of ‘Cash Flow to Net Income’ Analysis of ‘Cash Flow Adequacy Ratio’ Analysis of ‘Free Cash Flow / Operating Cash Flow’ Competition Marketing Campaign Innovation References Pepsi (PEP) Background PepsiCo, Inc. is a global food, snack and beverage company. The Company's brands include Quaker Oats, Tropicana, Gatorade, Lay's, Pepsi, Walkers, Gamesa and Sabritas. Pepsico Inc. is registered on NYSE using the ticker symbol of ‘PEP’. Using the available data from 1978 till now, the PEP ticker symbol has seen the stock price increase of approximate 4400% , which is comparable to its closest competitor Coca-Cola’s (Ticker : KO) growth of 4500% in the same time period. Pepsico’s current Market Cap is approximately 98.83B with a P/E ratio of 15.90. A high P/E ratio suggests investor's confidence in the future growth prospects of the company and Pepsico has the highest P/E ratio as compared to its major competitors in the sparkling soda industry including Coca-Cola and Dr. Pepper. Even though it can be interpreted that PEP has lagged behind Coca-Cola over the years in US market but it is very important to understand that the majority of PepsiCo's revenues do not come from carbonated soft drinks.In fact, beverages account for less than 50% of total revenue. Additionally, over 60% of PepsiCo's beverage sales come from its key non-carbonated brands like Gatorade...
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...world as Pepsi-Cola. After the first advertisement the sales of the new soft drink began to go up. Knowing the importance of good distribution system Pepsi was one of the first to switch from horse drawn transport to motor vehicles. Throughout its existence Pepsi adjusted its marketing strategies trying to keep up with the social and economic conditions of its consumers. During the Great Depression and continuing into the World War II Pepsi emphasized the low prices of the drink knowing that people had narrowed their budgets. In the mid. 1950s the emphasis fell on Pepsi being a lifestyle accompaniment. The breakthrough move by Pepsi was made in the late 1950s to capture the market of new generation of baby boomers. Its best known advertisement slogans such as “You’re in the Pepsi Generation”, “Have a Pepsi day” or “You’ve got a lot to live, Pepsi’s got a lot to give” set a new standard for advertising. To dominate in a soft drink category Pepsi, after 65 years of selling only Pepsi-Cola, introduced new products: “Mountain Dew and Diet Pepsi.” To capture the completely new market of X-ers, throughout 1980s and 1990s Pepsi’s commercials featured superstars, supermodels, actors and sport stars. In the mid. 1980s Pepsi-Cola declared a victory in the cola wars. Keeping Pepsi-Cola as its cash cow presidents of Pepsi-Cola decided to back up their positions by investing in a fast food restaurants and snack industry. In 1965 the new PepsiCo resulted from the merger of Pepsi-Cola and...
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...CASE STUDY : COLA WARS CONTINUE : COKE AND PEPSI IN 2006 The case study “Cola Wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in 2006” focuses on describing Coke and Pepsi within the CSD industry by providing detailed statements about the companies’ accounts and strategies to increase their market share. ‘ Cola war’ is the term used to describe the campaign of mutually targeted television advertisement & marketing campaigns between Coke & Pepsi. Furthermore, the case also focuses on the Coke vs. Pepsi goods which target similar groups of costumers, and how these companies have had and still have great reputation and continue to take risks due to their high capital. Both Coke & Pepsi have segmented the soft drink industry into two divisions, via – 1.Production of soft drink syrup. 2.Manufacturing & distribution of soft drinks at retail level. Coke & Pepsi have chosen to operate primarily on the production of soft drinks syrup,while leaving independent bottlers with more competitive segment of the industry.The purpose of this report is to gain insight into the possible strategies that can be applied, in order to expand the overall throat share in the future. History revealed that a highly competitive strategy that was utilized in the past by both companies resulted in cannibalization. Because of this, the report is described from the perspective of both Coca-Cola and Pepsi. This report focuses on increasing the overall share and finding new opportunities in the unrevealed...
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...Cola Wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in 2010 Report prepared by Bruno Arnaud Executive Summary Coke and Pepsi have competed for more than a century for the world’s beverage market share. In all this time they have executed many different strategies and taken various decisions concerning the future of their companies. However, during this period, they had always experienced an increasing domestic carbonated soft drink (CSD) consumption. Now, that the CSD consumption is declining, and the non-CSD consumption is growing, what should Pepsi do next? And how might Coke respond? Which strategies should the smaller competitors follow? I recommend Pepsi to pursue the market for its new non-CSD products, with sport and energy drinks, water, juices, teas, and snacks, while also focusing on its world expansion for the CSD and non-CSD market. Coke will, of course, do the same, while the smaller competitors will try to focus on each of their specific niche but also internationally. Analysis Why is that the concentrate producers have been so profitable? The concentrate manufacturing process involved relatively little capital investment in machinery, overhead, and labor. Also, one concentrate manufacturing plant cost between $50 million to $100 million, but can cover a very large geographic area (“as large as the United States”). Their most significant costs were for advertising, promotion, market research and bottler support. So, they heavily invested in their trademarks over time, and...
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...product companies in the world and it is also one of the most famous soft drink companies. Currently PepsiCo owns more than 21% share of soft drink market world wide and has over 30% share in United states alone. Pepsi has many brands in soft drinks alone namely mountain dew, diet pepsi, mirinda etc. Also pepsi has expanded its reach to other products like quaker oats, Tropicana fruit juice, lays potato chips, cheetos, Gatorade etc. One of the Pepsi’s popular product was its ‘ Diet Pepsi’. It was introduced in 1964. Its main highlight was that it was a sugar free drink making it available to all larger section people. It had zero calories and also very less sugar content it and was an instant hit among the youth. PepsiCo is a leading company in soft drinks, snacks and foods and beverages. It has a revenue of more than 39 billion dollars and has employee strength of more than 1,85,000 people. PepsiCo company consist of mainly 3 companies. PepsiCo Americas Foods (PAF), PepsiCo Americas Beverages (PAB), and PepsiCo International (PI). PepsiCo’s products are one of the most recognized products in today’s world. PepsiCo’s increase in success is mainly due to high standard of performance, commitment, determination and hard work of each and every member of the PepsiCo family. Pepsi also follows one of the best marketing strategies and business practices. PepsiCo has faced many challenges in its history. It has had its toughest competition from its rival Coca-Cola. It also faced other challenges...
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...External Analysis: Macro environment: The environment is constantly changing and therefore also influencing PepsiCo’s operations. Environmental changes which are not directly involved with the company but do influence it can be put in six categories: economic, technological, political, cultural, natural and international changes. These changes and their influence on PepsiCo Canada are described per category. Management R. L. Draft, M. Kendrick, N. Vershinina, the general environment page 85-91. Economic In March 2012 Canada’s economy was ranked 11th of the world with a GDP of $1,759 billion. Canada is a wealthy nation with a very high standard of living and is also one of the world’s top trading nations. Since the 2008 world financial crisis Canada has emerged as one of the strongest developed economies in the world. The GDP growth of Canada in 2010 was more than 3% even though most of the World’s Western countries were in an economic recession. The stability of the Canadian economy even during a World financial crisis makes Canada a great country to operate in for a multinational like PepsiCo. http://www.rediff.com/business/slide-show/slide-show-1-worlds-20-economic-superpowers/20120312.htm http://www.economywatch.com/world_economy/canada/?page=full Technological The last decade many technological advancements and new innovations have been implemented in people’s life. This is also greatly affecting businesses. Internet, mobile phones and interactive TV...
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...by drinking hard drinks can enjoy soft drinks and no one would think any less of them. In short, sodas have a mass appeal. They carry an image with them; an image of a person with a comfortable lifestyle. This essay will take a look at the company Pepsi Cola. For a better understanding of the subject company, this paper will delve into a brief history of the Pepsi Company’s growth over the years and the effects of competition on Pepsi’s strategies in the international and domestic market. This essay will attempt to discuss the effectiveness of Pepsi’s marketing strategies and its results. Body Pepsi was one of several other brands that got their start in the late 1800s. A North Carolina pharmacist named Caleb Bradham invented "Brad's Drink" in 1893, which was later renamed Pepsi-Cola. Pepsi’s early growth was less significant than that of Coke's, and its real strength as a competitor to Coke began after Alfred Steele became CEO in 1950, a time when Pepsi was nearly bankrupt. Steele was expected to liquidate the Pepsi-Cola Co. Instead, he made it his goal to "beat Coke" (Wolburg, 2003). Pepsi Cola has taken part of that appeal and has used it in several different marketing strategies. Pepsi was born after Coca Cola, or Coke. It began in North Carolina, invented...
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...PepsiCo: External Considerations Overview PepsiCo is popularly associated with its flagship product Pepsi Cola. While Pepsi Cola is a sizable portion of PepsiCo’s revenue stream, PepsiCo actually has significant revenue generated from a slew of other products and divisions such as PepsiCo Beverages North America, PepsiCo International, Frito-Lay and Quaker Foods North America (Overview, 2005). PepsiCo’s Pepsi Cola has long been second in market share to Coca-Cola and the competition between Pepsi and Coke has been the stuff of business school legend for many years. However, thanks to a series of strategic acquisitions and market entry moves internationally, PepsiCo as a company has finally overtaken Coke in overall market share and performance: “PEPSICO...has raced ahead of...Coke in overall growth rates. PepsiCo earnings last year surged 18% to $4.2 billion on revenues of $29.3 billion, up 8.5%...Coke's 11.5% earnings growth to...4.4% revenue growth to $22 billion for 2004” (Steiner, 2005, para.2). It could be said that PepsiCo has lost the cola battle but won the overall war with its archrival Coca-Cola Company. PepsiCo has done this by becoming a snack food and beverage Company with operations in more than 200 countries worldwide, over 143,000 employees both national and international and over $4 billion in revenues (PepsiCo, 2004, p.4). Increasingly, PepsiCo, as most other large MNCs have done, is relying on overseas expansion to fuel its future growth and earnings...
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...value . Since Pepsi Co works in a global environment therefore its strategy is also global and focuses on achieving the strategic objectives of the firm with great greater emphasis on creating a unique set of strategies which are as applicable as they are in one country . Pepsico universally acknowledged as one of the world’s most successful companies of consumer products. Enormous awards have gone in the worlds. In 2009, Pepsico is ranked 175 in the Fortune’s. 18 brands out of its series boast an annual sales volume of over 1 billion USD, including Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, Gatorade, Lay’s, Diet Pepsi, Tropicana, Doritos, Lipton Teas, Quaker Cereals, Cheetos, 7-UP, Ruffles, Aquafina, Mirinda, Tostitos, Sierra Mist, Walkers, Fritos. In addition, PepsiCo entered new markets including Japan and Eastern Europe. However, the company also had its share of crucial missteps – principal of which was entering into the fast food industry. With the purchase of Pizza Hut, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Taco Bell, PepsiCo was well on its way to building a proverbial three-legged stool. The CEO at the time, Wayne Callaway, believed that this new structure would bring the company success and referred to the three legs of the stool as being snack foods, soft drinks and fast food. He believed that there would be significant cost savings and skills transfer with this new approach. Over the years, PepsiCo has built a very strong brand image and reputation across North America. This has served...
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...PEPSI COLA [pic] Introduction: Pepsi Cola started in the January 1898, from a small Drug store in the city of North Carolina. The owner of the Drug store, Mr. Caleb Bradham, prepared a drink, which the customers called "the Bred Drink". Bred registered this drink with the name of Pepsi Cola in 1903. Then he started his own production at Marco level and established his own company. The business expanded and this drink got fame time. In 1909 this company reached to 24 states of America with more than 250 dealers. The very first packing of Pepsi was in 16.5 ounce. In 1932 Pepsi cola has introduced its new packing in 12 ounce. In 1950 Pepsi Cola has started its new Advertising Campaign with the name of "Refresh without Filling". It also changed the chemical formula and decreased its sweetness and calories. With the efforts of the Sales & Marketing Department, Pepsi got so much fame that it established new plants at a rate of thirty per annum. In 1985 the design of the bottle has been changed after 20 years. And a new and attractive packaging has been offered with two new flavor i.e., Teem & Mirinda. Today Pepsi is available in more than 160 countries of the world including Soviet Union & China. HISTORY OF PEPSI COLA: 2001 Pepsi puts "a little twist on a great thing," introducing lemon-flavored Pepsi Twist and Diet Pepsi Twist. The product launch marks the return to lemon-flavored...
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