...is it so important in the context of health and social care? • What do we mean by ‘health’ and why is psychology central to the effective delivery of health and social care? • What are the main approaches to psychological thinking and research? • Who are psychologists and what do they contribute to the promotion of health and well-being? Introduction This chapter emphasizes the importance of psychology in the context of health and social care. For many years, psychology and the other social sciences were viewed by the medical profession as ‘soft sciences’, interesting but unimportant. With the advent of research into the links between physical and mental states in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries it is now possible to demonstrate that psychology can make a fundamental difference to physical as well as mental health. In this chapter, we explore the nature of psychology and its relevance to health and social care. We outline the different schools of thought and methods of inquiry in psychology. We seek to distinguish between psychology as an academic discipline and popular notions of psychology, and identify professionals whose practice is mainly concerned with the application of psychology. In order to show how psychology can be applied to health and social care, we introduce a family scenario whose characters appear in examples throughout the book. What is psychology? Psychology is the study of human behaviour, thought processes and emotions. It can contribute...
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...Medicine 58 (2004) 1647–1657 Understanding breast cancer stories via Frank’s narrative types Roanne Thomas-MacLean* Dalhousie University Family, Medicine Teaching Unit, Dr. Everett Chalmers Hospital, P.O. Box 9000, Priestman St. Fredericton, NB Canada E3B 5N5 Abstract While breast cancer narratives have become prevalent in Western culture, few researchers have explored the structure of such narratives, relying instead on some form of thematic analysis based upon content. Although such analyses are valuable, Arthur Frank (The Wounded Storyteller, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1995) provides researchers with an additional means of studying stories of illness, through the examination of their structures. In this article, the author applies Frank’s work to a phenomenological study of embodiment after breast cancer. Frank’s three narrative types are used to enhance understanding of the ways in which stories are culturally constructed, using data collected through one focus group discussion and two in-depth interviews with each of 12 women who had experienced breast cancer. The author then conveys the significance of this form of analysis for future research. r 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Breast cancer; Qualitative and narrative Introduction Frank (1995) writes that those who are ill ‘‘need to become storytellers in order to recover the voices that illness and its treatment often take away’’. (p. xii) Frank’s ideas are supported...
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... 3 “Shutter Island” is one of those films that glue you to the screen with suspense and mystery. Initially, we think we are watching a well-intentioned U.S. Marshall named Teddy enter an insane asylum hoping to uncover the whereabouts of a recently-disappeared patient. Later, we begin to doubt our initial idea of a simple missing person case. Now we think we are witnessing a brave, intelligent and dedicated U.S. Marshall searching for damning evidence that will expose Shutter Island as an expensive, cutting-edge torture chamber. Only during the final act do we realize that the narrative is really about tragic psychosis and elaborate role play. Teddy displays features of both Grandiose and Persecutory Delusional Disorder. According to the American Psychiatric Association's (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, this mixed...
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...Journal of Applied Philosophy,Suicide Intervention and Non-Ideal Kantian Theory Vol. 19, No. 3, 2002 245 Suicide Intervention and Non-Ideal Kantian Theory MICHAEL J. CHOLBI Philosophical discussions of the morality of suicide have tended to focus on its justifiability from an agent’s point of view rather than on the justifiability of attempts by others to intervene so as to prevent it. This paper addresses questions of suicide intervention within a broadly Kantian perspective. In such a perspective, a chief task is to determine the motives underlying most suicidal behaviour. Kant wrongly characterizes this motive as one of self-love or the pursuit of happiness. Psychiatric and scientific evidence suggests that suicide is instead motivated by a nihilistic disenchantment with the possibility of happiness which, at its apex, results in the loss of the individual’s conception of her practical identity. Because of this, methods of intervention that appeal to agents’ happiness, while morally benign, will prove ineffective in forestalling suicide. At the same time, more aggressive methods violate the Kantian concern for autonomy. This apparent dilemma can be resolved by seeing suicide intervention as an action undertaken in non-ideal circumstances, where otherwise unjustified manipulation, coercion, or paternalism are morally permitted. 1. The chances are good that each of us will some day confront a person close to us contemplating suicide. Every year...
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...* Terminology Unit 1 * Mental Health- A state of well-being in which each individual is able to recognize his or her own potential, cope with normal stresses of life, work productively and fruitfully, and make a contribution to the community. * Mental Illness- maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are incongruent with the local and cultural norms, and interfere with the individuals social, occupational and or physical functioning. * Anticipatory grief-when a loss is anticipated, individuals often begin the work of grieving before the actual loss occurs. * Bereavement overload- this is particularly true for elderly individuals who may be experiencing numerous losses- such as spouse, friends, other relatives, independent functioning, home, personal possessions, and pets in a relatively short time as grief accumulates a type of bereavement overload occurs which for some individuals presents an impossible task of grief work. * Ego defense mechanisms-defense mechanisms employed by the ego in the face of threat to biological or psychological integrity identified by Anna Freud 1953. Some of these are more adaptive than others, but all are used either consciously or unconsciously as protective devices for the ego in an effort to relieve mild to moderate anxiety. * Projection: Attributing feelings or impulses unacceptable to one’s self to another person. * Undoing:...
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...Insights into OTC and Pharmacy as presented at the ESOMAR Global Healthcare Conference Contents Consumer Decision Making: 4 “How potent is my potion?” Intuitive judgments in consumer decision making for OTC products - By Anjali Puri, Director, Customized Products & Services Group, Asia Pacific and co-author, Sumeet Saluja, General Manager, Marketing at Glaxo SmithKline Consumer Healthcare Fast Moving Consumer Goods and OTC products: Zoom on marketing effectiveness - Abstract by Erk Maassen, and Robert Buckeldee 20 2 Author: Anjali Puri Director, Customized Products & Services Group, Asia Pacific The Nielsen Company 2nd Floor, Block B, Sri Rama Deevana, No. 21, Ulsoor Road, Bangalore – 560042, India email: anjali.puri@nielsen.com Phone: 91-80-25559692, 91-98456-18854 Fax: 91-80-25559688 Anjali currently works with the Customized Products and Services team at Nielsen. She has over 14 years of qualitative research experience, and has worked extensively in the arena of OTC medication. Anjali is a regular presenter at ESOMAR and other international market research forums. Sumeet is currently the Category Head for Horlicks, health food drink company General Manager, Marketing in India. In his previous role, Glaxo SmithKline Consumer Healthcare Sumeet was head of the DLF Plaza Tower, DLF Phase 1, Gurgaon, Crocin brand, a popular OTC Haryana, India analgesic in India. Sumeet email: sumeet.g.saluja@gsk.com has also spent time in sales Phone: 91-124-2540700,...
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...or have been important to them) have affected their development?’ Abstract John Bowlby’s theory of attachment asserts that in childhood attachments are formed between the infant and the caregiver. It also asserts that these attachments form the basis of adult relationships. This qualitative thematic analysis of an interview with Chloe attempts to show how early attachments form a framework of later development. This study shows some support for Bowlby’s theory of the continuity of attachment behaviour but also shows that the nature of attachments can change throughout life in particular due to adult relationships and life experience. Introduction The field of developmental psychology is concerned with understanding how our mental outlook can change over the course of a lifetime. It considers both the effects of cultural and environmental factors and the internal motivations of the individual. One of the main area of research is understanding the degree of continuity in how behaviour is formed and to what degree it can be influenced by past experience. In the area of human relationships, Attachment theory (as cited in Wood et al., 2007) explores how relationships develop. Bowlby (as cited in Wood et al., 2007) proposed that we have a basic biological drive to form an attachment to a ‘mother figure’ at birth. The nature of the attachment gives rise to a ‘internal working model’ in the mind of the child that has three components, a model of the self, the mother figure...
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...ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN THE WORK PLACE PART I – SECTION I - REFERENCE LIST Search Strategy To facilitate my search criteria, I sought the use of various search engines such as Google scholars, Bing, ProQuest and Academic OneFile. In order to identify what I was meant to research and comprehend, I used certain keywords and certain phrases which are relevant to the topic I picked. The following are the keywords that I picked for search purpose • Causes of anxiety in workplace • Workplace depression • Effect of Alcohol and drug dependence on workplace • Anxiety and work environment • Boredom in job • Stress in workplace • organizational commitment & employee discontent • Physical fitness and work related issues • Dealing with Anxiety and Depression • Coping with Anxiety and Depression • Impact of anxiety and depression on organization and economy I had analyzed the various key words which are related to the topic and compared sourced information from other related sites for the topic. To find how organizations deal with anxiety and depression and how this affects other employees I initiated discussions with the human resource dept and the different chiefs of the company that I work, namely Gulf Cement Co. The Preliminary research question that I will be addressing in the literature review What are the effects of anxiety and depression in the work place and how organizations deal with it? A list of 6 – 8 Keywords and their definitions...
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...9. Autumn 1835-June 1836 This work was written to fulfill Robert’s dream of composing something for Moscheles in homage and consequently dedicated to him. In the autumn of 1835, Robert made Moscheles personal acquaintance who looked at this work (which at the time was originally intended as a concerto without orchestra) and frankly commented that it “did not fulfill the requirements of a concerto thought it possessed the characteristic attributes of a grand sonata in the manner of Beethoven and Weber.” It follows that Robert reformed and renamed this work as a sonata to better suit its character. Chissell also points out that ‘In subject-matter, however, the Sonata is wholly Clara’s. During its composition Schumann had faced up to the truth of his love for her, and had broken off his engagement with Ernestine, which would account for the music’s tone of high romantic tumult. But more specifically the slow movement is a set of variations on an ‘Andantino de Clara Weick’ bringing her ‘motto’ theme, the falling figure of 5 notes, out into the open…This theme generates the greater part of the sonata. Little else in Robert’s piano music is quite a monothematic as this work.’ Clara’s motto theme of 5 falling notes, C-B-A-G-F Sonata in F minor, Op. 14 10. 1836 Learning from Liszt that plans were afoot to erect a monument of one of his idols, the late Beethoven, Robert composed this work as a means of raising money towards this end. Accordingly, he was inspired...
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...Dreams are successions of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations that occur involuntarily in the mind during certain stages of sleep.[1] The content and purpose of dreams are not definitively understood, though they have been a topic of scientific speculation, as well as a subject of philosophical and religious interest, throughout recorded history. The scientific study of dreams is called oneirology.[2] Dreams mainly occur in the rapid-eye movement (REM) stage of sleep—when brain activity is high and resembles that of being awake. REM sleep is revealed by continuous movements of the eyes during sleep. At times, dreams may occur during other stages of sleep. However, these dreams tend to be much less vivid or memorable.[3] The length of a dream can vary; they may last for a few seconds, or approximately 20–30 minutes.[3] People are more likely to remember the dream if they are awakened during the REM phase. The average person has three to five dreams per night, but some may have up to seven dreams in one night.[4] The dreams tend to last longer as the night progresses. During a full eight-hour night sleep, most dreams occur in the typical two hours of REM.[5] In modern times, dreams have been seen as a connection to the unconscious mind. They range from normal and ordinary to overly surreal and bizarre. Dreams can have varying natures, such as frightening, exciting, magical, melancholic, adventurous, or sexual. The events in dreams are generally outside the control of the...
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...initials. • If the reference list includes two or more entries by the same author(s), list them in chronological order (oldest first). Add a lower case letter (a, b, etc.) after the year, within the parentheses. • Capitalize only the first letter of the first word in the article or book title. Proper nouns are also capitalized as well as the word following a colon (subtitle). Journal titles should have every major word capitalized. • Italicize journal titles, volume numbers and even the comma following the journal title. Do not italicize issue numbers (i.e., the number which appears in parentheses after the volume number). • References cited in the text must appear in the reference list and vice versa. The only exceptions to this rule are personal communications and secondary sources, which are...
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...Adult Patient Exercises ACTIVE AND PASSIVE RANGE OF MOTION EXERCISES Exercises 2-1--2-7 ADVANCED PRINCIPLES OF PATIENT HYGIENE Exercises 4 1-1--1-9 1-10--1-20 1-21--1-26 1-27--1-31 5 6 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND THE PRACTICAL NURSE Exercises MD0905 i 3-1--3-15 . . 4-1--4-7 4-8--4-21 5-1--5-9 6-1--6-5 CORRESPONDENCE COURSE OF THE U.S. ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT CENTER AND SCHOOL SUBCOURSE MED905 NURSING FUNDAMENTALS I INTRODUCTION Never before has there been a greater need for nurses. Never before has health care delivery challenged the nurse's commitment, knowledge, or technical competence more. Issues influencing current health-care delivery focus on promoting wellness, preventing illness, and rehabilitation to increase the patient's independence. This subcourse will present theory and concepts the person beginning the study of nursing will need to know in order to develop the knowledge and competence demanded by the complexity of the changing health care system. Subcourse Components: This subcourse consists of 6 lessons: Lesson 1. Patient Relations. Lesson 2. The Adult Patient Care Unit. Lesson 3. Advanced Principles of Patient Hygiene. Lesson 4. Body Mechanics. Lesson 5. Active and...
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...The Continuing Process of Parental Grief Also, sometimes a parent's love makes them unable to let go. I've seen so many parents put their needs above their infant's because they just can't bear to suffer the grief of losing a child. It's heartbreaking when you can see parents in total denial and you know that the end will come one way or another but they just can't accept it. I don't know if that's the case here or not, but it's certainly a possibility. Parental Grief The theme of parental mourning has been a universal one throughout the centuries. In the literature on bereavement, writers repeat certain themes, thoughts, and reflections; they talk of the powerful and often conflicting emotions involved in "the pain of grief and the spiral of mourning; [they refer to] the heartbreak at the heart of things...grief's contradictions"; they speak of parents devastated by grief (Moffat 1992, xxiii). It is frequently said that the grief of bereaved parents is the most intense grief known. When a child dies, parents feel that a part of them has died, that a vital and core part of them has been ripped away. Bereaved parents indeed do feel that the death of their child is "the ultimate deprivation" (Arnold and Gemma 1994, 40). The grief caused by their child's death is not only painful but profoundly disorienting-children are not supposed to die. These parents are forced to confront an extremely painful and stressful paradox; they are faced with a situation in which they must deal...
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...University of Tennessee, Knoxville Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2009 Peeking Out: A Textual Analysis of Heteronormative Images in Prime-Time Television D. Renee Smith University of Tennessee - Knoxville, drsmith@utk.edu Recommended Citation Smith, D. Renee, "Peeking Out: A Textual Analysis of Heteronormative Images in Prime-Time Television. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2009. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/10 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact trace@utk.edu. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by D. Renee Smith entitled "Peeking Out: A Textual Analysis of Heteronormative Images in Prime-Time Television." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Communication and Information. Catherine A. Luther, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Michelle T. Violanti, Suzanne Kurth, Benjamin J. Bates Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice...
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...measurement 4. Putting stress in perspective 4.3 Therapy culture? 5. Legal and policy contexts 5.1 Stress and the law 5. Stress and public policy 6. Interventions 6.1 What does the evidence say? 6. Focussing on prevention Conclusion Bibliography 4 12 14 14 17 19 25 5 6 8 31 35 35 38 43 47 47 5 58 62 6 68 71 71 79 88 89 Stress at Work List of Tables, Figures and Boxes Table 1: Effects of stress on bodily functions Figure 1: Model of work-related stress Figure : The impact of workplace demands on physiological and psychological performance Figure 3: How stressful is your work environment? Figure 4: Overwork concern in organisations Figure 5: Self-reported Illness accentuated by work Figure 6: Estimated days lost due to self-reported work-related injury or illness Figure 7: Work-related mental ill-health Figure 8: Percentage of organisations where workers identify stress to be the leading hazard of concern by sector Figure 9: Percentage reporting high levels of work-related stress by educational attainment Figure 10: Percentage of workers reporting high levels of work-related stress by ethnicity Figure 11: Factors linked to work-related stress as reported by trades union safety representatives Figure 1: Jordan et al model of good practice in stress prevention and management Box 1: Definitions of stress Box : Stress and the law:...
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