...From: Cervantes: Bulletin of the Cervantes Society of America 19.1 (1999): 158-76. Copyright © 1999, The Cervantes Society of America FORUM Against Dualisms: A Response to Henry Sullivan* HOWARD MANCING n a recent essay entitled “Don Quixote de la Mancha: Analyzable or Unanalyzable?” published in this journal, Henry W. Sullivan makes the case for the psychoanalysis of literary characters. While there is much to ponder in Sullivan's essay, there are two points, both involving dualisms, that I would like to discuss. In the first case, Sullivan argues insightfully and convincingly against an absolute distinction between how we know and think about fictional characters and how we know and think about real people. In the second case, however, Sullivan insists on an absolute (Cartesian) mind-body dualism as a cornerstone of psychoanalytic theory. I would like to repeat and extend Sullivan's argument in the first case, but refute it and deny its validity in the second. First dualism: Fact/Fiction Sullivan cites as representative of a certain widely-shared approach Maud Ellmann's insistence that there is an important distinction between a “human being made of flesh and character made of words” (5), a distinction that allows us to make one kind statement about the former but not the latter. Ellmann is not alone in making the real-life/fictional distinction a fundamental matter of ontology. We are all familiar with arguments like hers, having heard * For a response to this...
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...My religion: Sikhism Sikhism is the religious faith of those who call themselves Sikhs, the followers of Guru Nanak, his nine successors and their teachings, embodied in the Guru Granth Sahib, the sacred scripture of the Sikhs. The Sikh population worldwide at the beginning of the twenty-first century was estimated at 20 million; of these, 17 million reside in India, with 14 million living in Punjab. Of the 2 million or so Sikhs who live outside India, the Sikh diaspora, the majority are in Great Britain, the United States, and Canada. Sikhism originated in the Punjab region of northwestern India during a time when many religious teachers, known as "Sants," were seeking to reconcile the two opposing dominant faiths, Hinduism and Islam. The Sants expressed their teachings in vernacular poetry based on inner experience. Although the teachings of Guru Nanak were broadly aligned with some of the Sants, his own mission is thought to have emerged out of his direct experience of the divine, initiated with the words na koi Hindu, na koi Mussalman ..("there is no Hindu, there is no Muslim") signaling a third way that was to become the Nanak Panth, or the path of Nanak. The first community of his disciples, those who chose to follow Nanak as their Guru (divine teacher), was composed primarily of former Hindus, who came to call themselves his "Sikhs" (followers). The Sikh tradition was founded by Guru Nanak in the late 15th century C.E. Nanak was first of the ten Sikh Gurus. He was born...
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...specialization Departmentalization The basis by which jobs are grouped together Possible ways – By functions performed E.g., engineering, accounting, personnel…. – By type of product E.g., fuel, waxes, chemicals – On basis of geography E.g., western, southern, midwestern, eastern… – On basis of process E.g., Casting, press, tubing, finishing, inspect, pack, ship…. – By type of customer E.g., Service retail, wholesale, government customers Large companies might combine the forms! The Chain of Command & Span of Control Chain of command – Line of authority from top of the organization to lowest part – Specifies who reports to whom – Each managerial position is given its place & degree of authority – Unity of command principle preserves unbroken line of command Span of Control – – – – Number of subordinates a manager directs Wider spans more efficient in terms of costs When span too large, performance suffers Small spans make communication complex & encourage Centralization & Decentralization Centralization – degree to which decision making is concentrated at a single point – Only with respect to formal authority Decentralization – Degree to which...
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... Departmentalization The basis by which jobs are grouped together Possible ways – By functions performed E.g., engineering, accounting, personnel…. – By type of product E.g., fuel, waxes, chemicals – On basis of geography E.g., western, southern, midwestern, eastern… – On basis of process E.g., Casting, press, tubing, finishing, inspect, pack, ship…. – By type of customer E.g., Service retail, wholesale, government customers Large companies might combine the forms! The Chain of Command & Span of Control Chain of command – Line of authority from top of the organization to lowest part – Specifies who reports to whom – Each managerial position is given its place & degree of authority – Unity of command principle preserves unbroken line of command Span of Control – – – – Number of subordinates a manager directs Wider spans more efficient in terms of costs When span too large, performance suffers Small spans make communication complex & encourage Centralization & Decentralization Centralization – degree to which decision making is concentrated at a single point – Only with respect to formal...
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...1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Smartphone have a number of important characteristics which make them attractive from an educational perspective. These include increasing portability, functionality, multimedia convergence, ubiquity, personal ownership, social interactivity, context sensitivity, location awareness, connectivity and personalisation (Pachler et al., 2010). Smartphones has gained attractiveness among generation Y. They use Smartphone anytime, at anyplace to keep in touch for social relationships as well as to have fun. Owing to the availability of telecommunication technology, Smartphone becomes more and more important in our daily life. Smartphone is not only used as tools for communication, it is as also as tool by working, emotional interactions, further communication and entertainment. More are relying on Smartphones than ever before. The used it in their daily life, the average timing within a day of "must" use mobile phones, today is absolutely far beyond other consumer products (Digital Audience Research Group, 2010). This highly dependency of use has resulted as a mandatory item for modern people 2 while out of home or office, and the young generation are more relaying on Smartphone. 1.2 Research Background Smartphone is an important tool which allows the user to use for communication and entertainment purposes. It has become an essential part of the Malaysians especially for the...
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...If deserts _have_ a fault (which their present biographer is far from admitting), that fault may doubtless be found in the fact that their scenery as a rule tends to be just a trifle monotonous. Though fine in themselves, they lack variety. To be sure, very few of the deserts of real life possess that absolute flatness, sandiness and sameness, which characterises the familiar desert of the poet and of the annual exhibitions--a desert all level yellow expanse, most bilious in its colouring, and relieved by but four allowable academy properties, a palm-tree, a camel, a sphinx, and a pyramid. For foreground, throw in a sheikh in appropriate drapery; for background, a sky-line and a bleaching skeleton; stir and mix, and your picture is finished. Most practical deserts one comes across in travelling, however, are a great deal less simple and theatrical than that; rock preponderates over sand in their composition, and inequalities of surface are often the rule rather than the exception. There is reason to believe, indeed, that the artistic conception of the common or Burlington House desert has been unduly influenced for evil by the accessibility and the poetic adjuncts of the Egyptian sand-waste, which, being situated in a great alluvial river valley is really flat, and, being the most familiar, has therefore distorted to its own shape the mental picture of all its kind elsewhere. But most deserts of actual nature are not all flat, nor all sandy; they present a considerable diversity...
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...Кафедра іноземної філології Literary and Social Concerns in the Novels of William Thackeray and Charles Dickens CONTENTS |INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………… |3 | |PART 1. A review of literary and social concerns in the novels of William Thackeray and Charles Dickens………………………………………………… | | |1.1. Social concerns as a mirror of current literature in the XIX century…. |4 | |1.2. Social and literary problems in “Vanity Fair” by William Thackeray... |4 | |1.3. Art, veracity and moral purpose in “Oliver Twist” by Charles Dickens |5 | |Conclusion ……….…………………………………………………………….. |7 | |PART 2. Approaches and manners of the social problems transmission………. |10 | |2.1. The problem of poverty and social inequalty in society. The authors’ approach to this |11 | |problem............................................................................... ...
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...82751 01 001-026 r6 ko 8/24/09 7:41 AM Page 2 Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, you should be able to ✔ appreciate the difference between passively watching movies and actively looking at movies. ✔ understand the defining characteristics that distinguish movies from other forms of art. ✔ understand how and why most of the formal mechanisms of a movie remain invisible to casual viewers. ✔ understand the relationship between viewers’ expectations and filmmakers’ decisions about the form and style of their movies. ✔ explain how shared belief systems contribute to hidden movie meaning. ✔ explain the difference between implicit and explicit meaning, and understand how the different levels of movie meaning contribute to interpretive analysis. medium. With so much experience, no one could blame you for wondering why you need a course or this book to tell you how to look at movies. After all, you might say, “It’s just a movie.” For most of us most of the time, movies are a break from our daily obligations—a form of escape, entertainment, and pleasure. Motion pictures had been popular for fifty years before even most filmmakers, much less scholars, considered movies worthy of serious study. But motion pictures are much more than entertainment. The movies we see shape the way we view the world around us and our place in that world. What’s more, a close analysis of any particular movie can tell us a great deal about the artist, society...
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...Traditional On Campus Class Welcome to the Traditional On Campus version of Speech 103 Oral Communication! I look forward to getting to know each of you. Over the years, I have learned that many of you dread taking this class (don’t worry I felt the same way when I had to take this class) but I hope that you will find your worries to be unfounded. I work very hard to try to create a comfortable learning environment, primarily because I need you to participate in order for this class to work. This is a participatory-based class where we will all work together to help each other improve our communication skills. Consequently, you will play an active role in your own learning as well as active role in the learning of the other students in this class. Research has shown that when you are an active participant in a class you increase how much you remember as well as how much you can recall after the semester has ended. However, I have found that when you are an active participant in my class you will look forward to coming to each class session and your fears of public speaking will soon decrease. Since this class is participatory, you will find that you will put a lot of thought and effort into this class. Much learning will occur both in class and out side of class. However, while this class is demanding, I hope that you will both enjoy this experience and learn a great deal about communication, how you communicate, and how to be a better...
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...Unit 2 Edgar Allen Poe (1809-1849) [pic] The American Romanticism I. What is Romanticism Originated in the second half of the 18th century, romanticism was a key movement in the Counter-Enlightenment, a reaction against the Age of Enlightenment. Romanticism emphasized intuition, imagination, and feeling, to a point that has led to some Romantic thinkers being accused of irrationalism. Romanticism focuses on Nature; a place free from society's judgement and restrictions. Romanticism blossomed after the age of Rationalism, a time that focused on handwork and scientific reasoning. Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper, and those of the late period contain Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Walt Whitman, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, Edgar Allan Poe. II.Features of American romanticism Edgar Allen Poe(1809 - 1849) the most controversial and most misunderstood literary figure. a Bohemian（吉普赛人）, depraved（堕落） and demonic（恶魔的）, a villain（恶棍） with no virtue at all. Mark Twain declared his prose to be unreadable. But Eliot proclaimed him a critic of the first rank. He enjoyed respect and welcome greatly in Europe. He is the father of psychoanalytic criticism. In deed, Poe places the subconscious condition of the mind under investigation and probes beneath the surface of normal existence. What interests him most is the deep abyss of the unconsciousand subconscious mental activity of the people, His theories for the short story and poetry are remarkable...
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...than outer time d)Search for identity e)Treatment of religion f)Treatment of sexuality Conclusion James Joyce (from February 2, 1882 to January 13, 1941) was one of the most preeminent Irish authors of the 20th century. He is known for his literary innovation strictly focused narrative and indirect style. James Joyce matriculated from University College of Dublin in 1903. After moving to Paris, Joyce planned on studying medicine. The lectures were conducted in a technical French but Joyce’s education had not prepared him for it. Despite his mother’s attempts to get him to return to Catholic Church, Joyce remained unmoved even after her death. Joyce studied at Clongowes Wood College from 1888 until 1892. When the family’s financial state devolved, Joyce had to leave the school. After a brief time at Christian Brothers School, Joyce was enrolled at Belvedere College in 1893. In 1898, Joyce began studying Italian, English and French at University College Dublin. At this time, Joyce also began his entry into the artistic life of Dublin. His literary reviews appeared in Fortnightly Review. His review of Henrik Ibsen received a positive personal response from Ibsen himself. In addition to his reviews, he also wrote some pieces of drama that have since been lost. The writings of James Joyce include Chamber Music, Dubliners, The Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses, Exiles, Finnegan’s Wake. 1914...
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...Tradition And Modernity In the instinctive mode of western scholars, I had once thought of Tradition and Modernity as individual chapters, each of them thinking about its topic as an entity to be understood in its respective essence and unity. But I have come to understand in perhaps an equally perennial move by western students of Indian culture that these two terms do not in themselves exist. But they do function, dialogically. They work in relation with each other. Modernity functions as an economic and social tool to achieve some wealth, flexibility, and innovation for individuals and groups; Tradition functions, partly and at times largely, as a mythological state which produces the sensation of larger connectedness and stability in the face of shockingly massive social change over the last half-century. One might also say that Modernity is an economic force with social, cultural, and political correlatives; Tradition is a cultural force with social, economic, and political correlatives. Satisfyingly asymmetrical in their relation, they require us, in talking of one, to talk also of the other, just as they induce us to move as nimbly as possible between theoretical abstraction and experiential reality. But their separation is itself part of the mythological drama in current Indian thought, just as their mutual implication is the import of the same ironic smile that brings to an effective close any conversation one hears here about them. And so we take them in turn only...
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...MOB Final Review Ch 8- Motivation: From Concepts to Applications * Developed by J. Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham, the job characteristics model (5) 1.Skill variety: the degree to which a job requires a variety of different activities so the worker can use specialized skills and talents. The work of a garage owner operator, who does electrical work, rebuilds engine, does body work, and interacts with customer’s scores high on skill variety. The job of a body shop owner worker who sprays paints 8 hrs. a day scores low on this dimension. 2.Task identity: the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work. A cabinet workers who designs a piece of furniture, selects wood, builds the object, and finishes it to perfection has a job that scores high on task identity. A job scoring low on this dimension is operating a factory lathes solely to make table legs. 3.Task significance: the degree to which a job affects the lives or work of other people. The job of a nurse handling the diverse needs of patients in a hospital intensive care unit scores high on task significance; sweeping floors in a hospital scores low. 4.Autonomy: the degree to which a job provides the workers freedom, independence, and discretion in scheduling work and determining the procedures for carrying it out. A salesperson that schedules his or her own work each day decides on the sales approach for each customer without supervision...
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...undefinable menace forever dogging my steps, lurking, threatening; (pp.275‑6).[1] According to Wharton, an act of reading plunged her body back into fatal illness. The young Edith Wharton did recover from the relapse, but its uncanny effects continued to haunt her well into adulthood. In “Women and Madness: the Critical Phallacy” (1975), Shoshana Felman tells another uncanny story of reading. Analyzing the critical commentary that brackets Balzac’s Adieu in a Gallimard/Folio pocket edition, she demonstrates how two scholars, Pierre Gascan and Patrick Bertier, effectively rewrite Balzac’s story by focusing their analyses entirely on a section of historical backstory – despite the fact that this element comprises but one-third of Balzac’s narrative.[2] In...
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...Ethical Dilemma Week 8 The Death of Freddie Gray By Hope Schwegler May 4, 2015 Phil 2003 Principles of Ethics Professor Margaret De Alminana ‘On April 12, 2015, Freddie Gray, a 25 year old African American male, was arrested by the Baltimore Police Department. He had a known unethical character and had been involved in twenty criminal court cases, five of which were still active at the time of his death. He was due in court on a possession charge on April 24, 2015. Freddie Gray died on April 19, 2015, due to injuries to his spinal cord. On April 21, 2015, pending an investigation of incident, six Baltimore police officers were temporarily suspended with pay. On May 1, 2015, state prosecutors in Baltimore received a medical examiner’s report ruling Gray’s death as a homicide. Was it foul play that was intentional, gross negligence, or inflicted self harm by the prisoner? We identified “Rae’s first step in making a moral decision is to gather the facts.” Much of the other information had conflicting reports and statements. So what are the “ethical issues that Rae has for level two” in the model for making moral decisions? The formal charge filed by Office Garrett Miller accused Gray of violating statute 19 59 22, “unlawfully carry, possess, and sell a knife commonly called a switch blade knife, with an automatic spring or other device for opening and/or closing the blade within the limits of Baltimore City.” The prosecutor alleged that Gray’s arrest was unlawful...
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