...Personality Analysis: Dispositional and Learning Theories PSY/405 August 30, 2012 Instructor Stacy Page Personality Analysis: Dispositional and Learning Theories The revision and analysis of personalities provides a restored knowledge for human behaviors and the progression in which individuals understand. Theorists had endeavored for a long time realizing further theoretical methodology. Gordon Allport researched the personalities of people for the reason that that methodology provide further meaning or characterization to individual distinctiveness and give emphasis to the distinctiveness of the person (Feist & Feist, 2009). Depicting a person with universal personality merely categorize individuals as a crowd or group. Nevertheless, Allport alleged to exactly distinguish an individual is through the means of being familiar with the individuals as personal. Individuality shows each individual be distinct and unique, no one person is alike in a way; for the reason that individuals have distinctive personalities and the capabilities to understand is atypical as well. Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory observed the behavior in which individuals understand. Observational learning tolerates individuals to find out lacking actions or responsibilities (Feist & Feist, 2009). Principally people do find out through own encounters although learn as well from looking at different job and achievements of other people. Generally ...
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...Personality Analysis: Dispositional and Learning Theories Your Name Here PSY/405 Date Here Instructors Name Here Personality Analysis: Dispositional and Learning Theories Historically, behavioral scientists longed for a method by which they could gain a better understanding of the progression of human behavioral development. A group of such scientists believed that neglecting the study of the individual and focusing only on groups and behavioral generalities did a disservice to the individuality of every person (Feist & Feist, 2009). Gordon Allport was at the forefront of these scientists and emphasized the uniqueness of the individual (Feist & Feist, 2009). Allport and his dispositional theory, believed that people may display like characteristics, stubbornness, for example, but that two individuals displaying stubbornness are displaying differences of the same trait since, in the end, no two people are alike (Feist & Feist, 2009), and believed that using a person’s personal writings – letters, journals, or diaries – could provide a unique view of such individual uniqueness (Barenbaum, 1997). Individuality means just that – that each person is unique, distinctive, and unlike any other. Personalities are distinctive, belief systems are individual, and thought process unique. Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory observed we are each singular moral agents, capable of influencing our lives within the constructs of social mechanisms (Bandura, 2001)...
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...Personality: Theories Chapter: Personality Theories 429 Personality: Theories What Is "Personality"? Psychologists' Usage of Personality Elements of Personality Techniques of Study Theories of Personality Trait Theories Psychoanalytic Theory Central elements of Psychoanalysis Psychoanalytic Personality Structure Instincts in Psychoanalysis Other Psychodynamic Theorists (Social-) Learning Theories Dollard/Miller's Stimulus-Response Theory B. F. Skinner and Personality as Behavior Bandura and Social Learning Self-Growth Theories Carl Rogers and Person-Centered Theory Maslow's Holistic Theory A Modern Theory of Personality: Big Five USING PSYCHOLOGY: What Determines Your Personality -Heredity? Environment? USING PSYCHOLOGY: What Determines Your Personality -Heredity and Environment REVIEW ACTIVITIES INTERESTED IN MORE? Personality: Theories WHAT'S THE ANSWER? "I'm really jealous of my sister. Here I am about to graduate, and I only made it into the Student Association this year. Sis's a freshman -- a frosh -- and she's already been elected." "Wilma, I know what you mean. My older brother was the same way. You know what your sister and my brother have in common? They've both got a lot of personality. Your sister kind of just radiates charm -- even for a first-year student! And Kirk's the same way: Everywhere he goes, people smile with him. He gushes at the right time, gets serious when he needs to, and always has a good word for everybody. He's just got a PSYCHOLOGY: ...
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...physical ailments exemplified by increased illnesses and stress disability claims amongst these employees. The “Impact on stress on the Canadian economy is huge, costing an estimated $33 billion a year in lost productivity “(Langton et al, 2009, p. 121). This presents a significant problem, broader in scope, to the company in which employee turnaround turnover may be high, thereby minimizing the effectiveness of their employee support system . This paper will provide an analysis of the above mentioned problem and offer recommendations to help minimize the effect of employee dissatisfaction due to a stressful role . Problem Analysis According to the Affective Events Theory (AET) (Langton et al, 2009 , p. 63-4), job satisfaction and performance are directly influenced by positive or negative emotional reactions. Those emotional reactions are in turn formed by a combination of work events such as daily hassles and uplifts, which is affected by the work environment, and personal dispositions such as personalities and moods . The work environment at the call centreers has high emotional labour demands. The operators are required to surface act, or display one emotion, while feeling another, especially when working with abusive or racist customers. Since surface acting is always more stressful than deep acting, the work environment is also very tense. This environment creates work events in the form of daily hassles, which in turn trigger negative...
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...Name of Assessment: What’s My Jungarian 16 Type Personality? Individual Score: ENFP National Score: N/A Agree or Disagree?: Agree This assessment delves into the various personality traits that include Introverted or Extroverted (I or E), Sensing or Intuitive (S or iN), and Perceiving or Judging (P or J). These traits are the combined into a series of 4 letters that describe one’s personality. There are sixteen combinations of personality types that can be formed from this assessment. When deciding if one is Introverted or Extraverted, it is important to understand the flow of energy which essentially “defines how we receive the essential part of our stimulation.” If one receives their flow of energy from themselves, then they can be classified as Introverted but if they rely on external sources then they are Extraverted. How we take in information deals with our preferred way of absorbing. Does one rely on their five senses to absorb information? Then this individual would be characterized as Sensing! If the individual relies solely on their instincts then they can be classified as Intuitive. The last two categories deal with how an individual makes decisions. If the individual is prone to making decisions based on logic and objective considerations then they are classified as Thinking but if they make decisions based on one’s personal value system then they are classified as Feeling (BSM Consulting, 2012). These six categories presented me with the classification...
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...A STUDY OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE RULE VIOLATION BEHAVIOUR OF DRIVERS Mohammed Najeeb. P. M Motor Vehicle Department, Ministry of Transport, Kerala, India. Mob +91 9447679841 najeeb.blossom@gmail.com Abstract An analysis of traffic accidents indicates that human factors are a sole or a contributory factor in approximately 90% of road traffic accidents. The present study examined the extent to which Type A behaviour pattern , Sensation Seeking behaviour, propensity to aggression, Hostility, Attitude to Speeding and demographic variables including Age, Experience And Education have an effect on violation behaviour of drivers. The Data was obtained from 500 drivers on standardized instruments such as Violation of Basic Traffic Rules scale, Hostility scale (MMPI), Propensity to Aggression Scale, Sensation Seeking Scale (Zukerman) Type A behaviour Scale and Attitude to Speeding Scale. The Result presented in this study revealed that there was an effect of age, experience and education and significant influence of personality traits and attitude on violation behaviour of drivers. Key Words: Violation of Basic Traffic Rules, Type A behavior, Sensation Seeking, propensity to aggression Hostility and attitude 1. Introduction The National Crime Record Bureau Reported that, in India the number of road accidents, deaths due to road accidents and injuries due to road accidents is very high and increasing every year. During the year 2010; 4, 30,600...
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...WORKING IN THE 21st CENTURY LECTURE 4 Career Theories KRUMBOLTZ’S THEORY • Krumboltz (1984, 1990, 1996) describe social learning theory* of career choice based on the behaviour theory of Bandura (1977) • Krumboltz identifies four factors interact to produce the career path: – Genetic endowment & special abilities; – Environmental conditions & events; – Learning experiences; and – Task approach skills. SEE PGS 53-58 OF TEXT * Described in text pg 55 KAMAL KANT, 2013 2 KAMAL KANT, 2013 3 GENETIC ENDOWMENT refers to innate aspects rather than those that are learnt. These include: •Physical appearance; •Race •Gender; •Intelligence; •Musical ability; •Artistic ability; •Muscular coordination; and •Predisposition to certain illness. LEARNING EXPERIENCES: •Instrumental learning experiences; •Associative learning experiences; TASK APPROACH SKILLS: •Goals setting; •Values clarification; •Generating alternatives; and •Obtaining career information ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS refers to: •The number & nature of job opportunities; •The number & nature of training opportunities; •Social policies and procedures for selecting trainees and employees; •Rate of return for various occupations; •Labour laws and union rules; •Physical events (e.g. hurricanes; earthquakes, etc); •Availability of and demand for natural resources; •Technological development; •Changes in social organisation; •Family training, experiences and resources; •Educational systems; •Neighbourhood and...
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...that career is ‘the evolving sequence of a person’s work experiences over time’ (p8).It plays a role in raising career expectations and aspirations of pupils (Brown et al, 2004) and may also enhance broader school effectiveness (Killeen et al, 1999). Osipow and Fitzgerald (1996) postulate that the concept of career has recently undergone a transformation (p50) and distinguish between career choice as a point-in-time ‘event’ and a developmental ‘process’ over a longer period of time (p54). Whilst acknowledging that broader definitions (which include life roles and life span) have emerged, they suggest a more ‘parsimonious’ definition (p51), limited to vocational behaviour and vocational development. Looking back at the traditional theories, we can say that Frank Parsons began a concept of vocation published a book vocational guidance in his book “Choosing a Vocation” He laid the foundation for trait and factor approach. Trait is characteristic of an individual that can be measured through...
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...SAJ DEVSHI (C) AQA Psychology (A) Psya2 A* Students Model Essays The A* Students Handbook For More Psychology Resources visit: www.Loopa.co.uk C HAPTER 1 A little about me Firstly thank you for purchasing this book for AQA Psychology Psya2 (Paper 2). A bit about me: My name is Sajan Devshi and I was a private student that self-taught myself AQA Psychology from 2011-2012 and I received my certificate in January 2013 Achieving an A* Grade. The certificate you can view on my website http://www.loopa.co.uk - You can also get my other A* model essay answers from there too for the other topics I did. I achieved an A* grade overall scoring two A’s in Psya1 and Psya2 as well as 100% in both my A2 exams (Psya3 and Psya4) My final score was 373/400 ums points. (You only needed 90% in A2 and 320 for an A* grade). So basically I didn’t just beat the boundary - I absolutely smashed it. How did I do it? It wasn’t easy and I am by no means some savant genius. I made great notes and essays that simplified things for me as I had no teachers and it is these notes I share with you now for Psya2 and the essay questions that can be asked for it. If your curious to know more about me you can visit my website at http://www.loopa.co.uk There it tells you more about me, how I self-taught myself as well as contact me directly for help and advice as well as get my other essay answers there instantly. Theres also great resources there too with more added on a weekly basis...
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...Personality Types This world is a unique place. The people who live in this world also have unique characteristics. Every single person is different from physical appearances to personalities. Even identical twins who have identical physical appearances may not have the same personality types. Psychologists have used a variety of personality tests to identify a person’s personality type. Frank Farley, the president of the American Psychological Association, coined his own terms for how different types of people engage the world. There are two types of people: Type-T and Type-t. Type-T personalities are willing to take risks, challenges, and changes. Type-t personalities are not willing to take risks, dislike the unfamiliar, and like the predictable. The society needs different personality types in order to function properly. Not everybody has the potential to be a Type-T person. However, Type-T people are needed in our society. There need to be people who are willing to take the risks and challenges in order for the economy to grow, new technologies to be invented, and new measures for government to enact in order to make changes. For example, one needs to be very brave to be a police officer. If nobody in a society is willing to take the risk of being in danger or getting killed, then there would not be any police officers to enforce the laws, catch criminals, or protect the citizens. A society without any police is hard to imagine. First of all, crime rates may increase...
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...continuing his education. We met on several occasions to discuss his concerns and allow me a chance to interview Kyle about information I felt was pertinent to the issue at hand. Kyle has some doubts about whether he is qualified to attend the University of his choice, Duke University. He is also concerned with whether he will be successful at all in his future education and career. The purpose of testing Kyle is to provide him with guidance about his future college major and continuing education. Testing Kyle will help determine his strengths, weaknesses and interests to help him find the career and college major that best match his personality. ASSESSMENT METHODS: Examinee Biography Otis-Lennon School Ability Tests (OLSAT) California Psychological Inventory (CPI) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Strong Interest Inventory (Strong)| Big 5 Personality Inventory EXAMINEE BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Kyle Smith is a 17 year old senior at Erwin High School in the small town of Erwin. He is 5'8" and weighs about 143 lbs. Kyle lives with both of his parents and also has two older brothers who left the house when Kyle was around eight years old. Kyle's paternal grandfather was an alcoholic and abandoned his family when Kyle's dad was young. Kyle's dad only received a fifth grade education before he had to quit school to work in the mills. Now he works very hard and supports his family during the week, but is a weekend alcoholic. Kyle describes his dad...
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...Communication and Collaboration Strategies Homework Assignment Week 2 GEN/200 Foundations for General Education and Professional Success Prof. Giselle Bayard May 29, 2011 Communication and Collaboration Strategies When it comes to learning, there is no set or standard way for everyone to learn. In fact, every person has their own way of learning and interpreting what they learn as they perceive it. Upon completing the assessments, which emphasize on learning and personality, several learning styles and personality types have been identified. These learning styles and personality types will help develop an effective strategy for communicating and collaborating with others in a group setting. Learning Styles Three main learning styles identified upon the completion of the assessment were; interpersonal, visual spatial, and musical styles. The assessment results identify interpersonal learning as the primary learning style. Interpersonal learning, according to Carter, et al. (2007), is described as the ability to relate to others, noticing their moods, motivations and feelings through teamwork and cooperative learning activities. Interpersonal learning allows for an exchange of ideas between team members as well as personal opinions. An efficient strategy for effective communication and collaboration among others through interpersonal learning is sharing knowledge through exchange of ideas and taking all ideas into consideration brought forth by everyone. Following...
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...a more effective leader and further my career within University of Phoenix. A major factor in effective business is Communication. Communication fosters motivation by clarifying to employees what is to be done, how well they are doing, and what can be done to improve performance…The formation of specific goals, feedback on progress, and reinforcement of desired behavior all stimulate motivation and require communication (Brooks & Judge, 2007). To communicate effectively one must first determine how people perceive them. People’s perceptions affect how well the message is coming across to others. So in order for anyone to become a more poised, lucid and comprehensible speaker they must first understand what type of personality they have. Without the knowledge of how people perceive me, I may not know if I am being an effective leader. The processes of perception routinely alter what humans see. When people view something with a preconceived concept about it, they tend to take those concepts and see them whether or not they are there. This problem stems from the fact that humans cannot understand new information, without the inherent bias of their previous knowledge. A person’s knowledge creates his or her reality as much as the truth because the human mind can only contemplate that to...
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...Communicating and Collaborating Hannae Warren GEN/200 09 September 2011 Kim Maclin Communicating and Collaborating In order to communicate and collaborate effectively as a group, everyone needs to adapt to the other team member’s learning styles and personality types. Everyone is unique with how he or she learns and communicates. This paper will explore strategies to effectively communicate and collaborate within a group with team members that have logical/mathematical, interpersonal, and verbal learning styles, and organizer, giver, and thinker personality types. Logical/mathematical learners study or learn best by organizing material logically, developing systems and finding patterns, writing outlines and developing charts and graphs, and by analyzing the information. (Carter, Bishop, & Kravitz, 2007, p.44). They reason inductively, deductively, and scientifically, they are able to perform complex calculations, they are able to recognize abstract patterns, and discern relationships and connections. (Carter, Bishop, & Kravitz, 2007, p.43). This type of learner would be the best candidate to find the appropriate approach to the assignment that has been given to a team. They are apt to making lists, organizing, and making agendas. So who better than the logical/mathematical learner to begin the assignment process? They should also be the individuals to go over the assignment at the end to make sure there are no errors because they are able to find...
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...They may be physical barriers or they may be systems or processes that discourage better performance. Behavior analysis therefore also views behavior as a function of the environment” (McSween and Pounds, ¶6). The important implication in this concept is that managers also need to consider ways to change the job in ways that make it easier or more convenient to perform better. The next giant leap in organizational performance will require managers and employees alike to understand the dynamics that are behind the effects of their behavior on themselves and others. Personality and Behavior Analysis Behavior analysis provides managers with tools they need to be more effective in developing relationships. Too often employers believe that the root cause of most employees’ performance problems is related to who they are (their personality) rather than what they do (their behavior.) They tend to communicate the belief -- often unintentionally -- that performance problems are related to personality. The solution is therefore to change the employee through some process or to get another employee. This not only doesn’t work but communicates blame to employees from a moral perspective. Personality Insight Big Five Model After completing the Big Five Model, the five-factor model of personality, results revealed my personality to be introverted, moderately agreeable, moderately dependable and responsible, possessed with negative emotional...
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