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Physical Science

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Bryan Smith

Lab Research Report # 1

Strayer University

SCI 110.109GA063-1142-001

Introduction to Physical Science

Professor Larry Smith

January 27, 2014

The world has always been amazed with astronomy which is the study of earth, planets, space, and the universe as a whole. This is one of the oldest practice since the beginning of time. Many civilizations have studied this for years. This was before anyone came up with the idea to build a ship to visit other planets. People have always been amazed by the unknown, and this is why we still have people going to outer space to discover new things.

The use of the research for studying outer space is known as Astronomy. According to the web dictionary Astronomy is the scientific study of the matter in outer space, especially the positions, dimensions, distribution, energy, and evolution of celestial bodies and phenomena (http://www.thefreedictionary.com). Early scientist could not just look up in the sky to measure how far away a star actually is and to see what else is up in space. There is other techniques and equipment is needed. Early scientist use a technique called triangulation. This was done by looking at a star and record its location. Then six months later scientist would look at the star again and measure the distance and record any changes (How are astronomers, 2000).

The strength of an earthquake by measure the level of shaking on the earth’s surface with a seismogram which records the shaking in wiggly lines. The length of the lines plus the amount of wiggling illustrates the strength of the event, larger lines with a plenty of wiggles indicate a stronger earthquake and vice versa (Wald, 2012).

Science allows for the understanding of the world around us however, it can also help us to find needed resources that would be otherwise difficult to locate. With a dependency on fossil fuels, the world consumes barrels of oil on a daily basis. Since waiting for oil to bubble up to the surface is not an option to meet consumer demand, scientists have to explore other options. In order to locate petroleum deposits buried deep below the earth’s surface, experts use a variety of tools such as satellite and surface maps, soil and rock samples, and a gravity meter looking for subtle changes in gravitational pull. If the oil is close to the surface, sensitive magnetic equipment provide signs of underground oil traps. Another way to locate possible oil pockets is through seismic surveying, which sends shock waves to the ocean floor that bounce back to hydrophones dragged behind a ship when the waves reach a change in rock layers. Analyzed by computers, the data can tell surveyors pinpoint possible oil traps in the ocean floor (Lamb, 2008).

Scientists in labs often work with chemicals and toxic substances that can be flammable or even explosive, making it important for all risks to be carefully calculated and proper safety gear to be used. When handling dangerous chemicals, the researcher can take certain safety precautions which do not guarantee safety however, they do minimize the chances of accidents. Lab safety should be taken seriously and proper handling techniques followed. Wearing appropriate protective gear such as safety goggles, protective clothing, and gloves contribute to researcher safety in a laboratory setting. Goggles protect the eye area in case a chemical accidentally splashes preventing possible blindness and gloves provide a layer of protection from skin irritation. Appropriate clothing is another measure of protection against chemical dangers. Not wearing loose clothing as well as keeping long hair tied back is an accident deterrent for accidental spills and possible dangerous chemical interactions. These safety measures are necessary in order to minimize risk to researchers and in fact, lowering the level of danger when interacting with dangerous substances.

Science itself is an ongoing quest for knowledge; however the real world applications can benefit society in many ways. One such benefit of science is by reducing the risk associated with natural disasters. Disasters will occur no matter what, but with the help of science, society can take measures to reduce the dangers related to them. Earthquakes have been known to destroy communities.

The understanding of natural disasters and their causes has enabled the ability to predict potential disasters and then take action to limit the risk of destruction. Early warning systems are another example of science being applied to real life situations in order to limit the number of tragedy due to natural disasters. Coupled with emergency plans of action and satellite data, the warning systems in place for possible tornadoes, floods, and tsunamis has greatly lowered the number of lives lost when events occur ("Reducing disaster risks," 2009).

References

Astronomy Review Games (n.d.). Retrieved from http://scienceviewgames.com./srg/subjects/astr.php

How are astronomers able to measure how far away a star is?. (2000). Retrieved from http://www.howstuffworks.com/question224.htm

Lamb, R. (2008, September 10). How offshore drilling works. Retrieved from http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/offshore-drilling.htm

Reducing Disaster Risks through Science. (n.d.) Retrieved from http//www.unisdr.org/files/11543_STCReportlibrary.pdf

Science. (n.d.). Dictionary.com Unabridged. Retrieved April 27, 2013, from Dictionary.com

Website:http://www.thefreedictionary.com

Wald, L. U.S. Department of the Interior, (2012). The science of earthquakes. Retrieved from website: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php

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