...QUESTION 1 1.1. Productivity Levels 1.2. 1.3.1. Work Design 1.3.2. Remuneration and non-remuneration benefits 1.3. Monetary performance bonus 1.4. Organizational culture 1.5. Factors associated with alleviating low productivity levels 1.6. Organizational culture The diagram below illustrates how productivity levels (dependent variable) are impacted by the organizational culture (intervening variable). Organizational culture provides a relationship between work design and remuneration and non-remuneration benefits (independent variables) and productivity levels. Organizational culture helps enhance work design and remuneration and non-remuneration benefits and thus lead to an increase in productivity levels. Work design and remuneration and non-remuneration benefits can be manipulated in order to achieve higher productivity. Furthermore it is evident that monetary performance bonuses (moderating variable) provide employees with an initiative to produce more goods/services. This initiative creates efficient and effective production within the relationship thus aiding in overall increased productivity. Dependent Variable Intervening Variable Monetary performance bonus Independent Variable Moderating Variable Work design and remuneration and non-remuneration benefits Productivity levels QUESTION 2 2.1 Why is it important to spend time formulating and clarifying your research topic? ...
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...information gathering is important, it ensures the results are valid and reliable, as well as ensuring the data not being artifacts of instruments used for measuring (Hair, 2012). The guiding concept in developing the questionnaire was used in measurements as well to scale whether it was validated by previous research. The used of variables and measurements from previous studies is always recommended, rather than creating new variables. Existing variables have already been tested empirically, rendering the process of determining their empirical validity easier and simpler. This also provides stability amongst different variables in different samples and how they affect dependent variables, in different words, determining their relative importance to the research. The questionnaire consists of four main sections: Part A to Part D. Part A gathers demographic data of the respondent and his/ her organisation and the status of ABC in organisations; Part B focused on the factors ( Top management support , Training , Non accounting ownership, Information technology , and Organisational...
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...of the study, sampling design, questionnaire design, reliability check and pilot testing, hypothesis to be tested and finally, data collection and data analysis tools and techniques are mentioned. Design of the Study The research study will utilize exploratory research at the beginning and further in order to test the Hypothesis, it will follow descriptive research design. A pilot study will be conducted among some buyer. Based on the pilot study, necessary changes related to the questionnaire will be taken into consideration. Finally, the main study will be conducted among the buyers in the City. The second aim of this study was to understand the effect of the identified antecedents on the actual impulse purchase behavior of apparel buyers; multiple regression analysis has been conducted for the same. Then the demographic difference in the actual purchase behavior of apparel buyers has been studied with the help of ANOVA. Sampling Design People carrying shopping bags in the malls of Jaipur city, Rajasthan will be considered as sample for this study. Mall intercept method will be used for this purpose. Sample size has been decided on the basis of 5:1 ratio (5 samples for every item of the questionnaire), as per the basic assumption of multivariate analysis.. Instrumentation Questionnaire design The first part of the questionnaire will identify demographic profile of the respondents and the second part of the questionnaire will consist of multi item scaled...
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...subjects, safety culture and safety climate are one of those subjects and they are concepts that today considered as one of the main concern across the industrial sector. As simple definition, the safety culture is “Making sure people are not harmed is how we do things here”. This work evaluate the safety climate as it is reflection for the safety culture and easier to evaluate. The evaluation done for private power companies located in Bahrain. First plant (plant A) is for power generation, second plant (plant B) is for power generation and water production. Both plants are belong to the same mother company. The evaluation done through questionnaire including all the staff (around 200). The questionnaire designed by the help of the health and safety department of the mother company. Also, by interviews that used to support the questionnaire. Analysis has been done by different statistical methods using Microsoft excel software. The results of safety climate evaluation showed that the overall level of safety for is above average (3.72 of 5). In addition, the safety level for plant A (3.93) is higher than plant B (3.49). By studying the safety level for different departments, four groups were identified, which are: 1) Plant A daytime workers, 2) Plant A shift workers, 3) Plant B daytime workers, and 4) Plant B shift workers. The level of safety for daytime workers were higher than shift workers. Also, the study reveal some factors that affect the safety climate level, such as...
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...jobs and legal rights maintaining have great significance to research. We assessed the college students’ performance on part-time job employment by analysis of 390 questionnaires, using SPSS software and other data analysis systems. Based on the research, we find that majority students have strong desire to take part-time jobs, but lack knowledge of relevant law and actions to protect their lawful rights and interests. In the end of the paper we come up with several suggestions to today’s college students on choosing part-time jobs and self-protection. KEY WORDS Part-time employment. College Students. Lawful rights and interest. Aspirations. CONTENT λ CHAPTER 1: Introduction 3 λ CHAPTER 2: Literature Review 4 λ CHAPTER 3: Methodology 5 3.1 Data collection approach 5 3.2 Questionnaire Design 6 3.3 Pilot Test 7 3.3.1 Reliability 7 λ CHAPTER 4: Results and Discussion 8 4.1 Results of personal profile 8 4.2 Descriptive Statistics 8 4.2.1 Personal Profile 8 4.2.2 Part-time Employment 10 4.2.3 Lawful Rights 12 4.2.4 Balance Study and Part-time Jobs 13 4.2.5 Gender Difference 13 λ CHAPTER 5: Conclusion 15 5.1 Summary 15 5.2 Limitations: 17 5.3 Suggestions for future research 18 • Reference 18 • Appendix I : Questionnaire 19 CHAPTER 1:...
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...Example of the research design part of a thesis (Education) Example 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY In the previous chapter, the effects of IGI promoting discovery-learning, procedure of IGI, and the effectiveness of IGI on SLA and motivation are discussed. From the insights, parameters for designing materials, tests, and questionnaire are drawn out. Chapter Three is divided into five sections. Research design and subjects and program description sections provide general information about the study. The next three parts, materials, instruments, and procedures of the research are described in details. 3.1. Research Design This study is carried out with a one group pre-test and post-test design. In this experimental research, the implementation of discovery-learning through IGI (independent variable) will be monitored, and acquisition about English tenses and learners’ motivation (dependent variables) will be measured. The grammar points in this research are English tenses. A pre-test and a post-test are designed to be the same. An anonymous questionnaire on motivation is delivered after the treatment instruction. 3.2. Subjects and Program Description The researcher, who is also the teacher, carries out the study in six classes in Course 28 and Course 29 at CFL in 2006. The experimental course, Level-Seven Grammar Course, is the first of three courses for Level C (low-advanced-English level). The grammar...
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... The sample selected contained distributors from the Mobile telecom sector and company executives/channel managers of leading telecom companies. Factor analysis and Friedman’s test was applied. The findings revealed a correlation in attitude between distributors and the executives. Motivating distributors was rated as the most important strategy by the company. The distributors felt that all channel partners needed to have positive attitude towards the channel while company executives felt that aggression made channel members perform effectively. Such findings will be of use to mobile telecom companies who are new entrants to the Indian market and to existing companies who plan to expand their coverage There are 4 GSM and 2 CDMA players, 4800 distributors (Cellular Operators association of India), having 260 company executives. In case of distributors ,the total sample size 240 distributors from the Mobile telecom sector, out of which 120 were high performing( with Rupees 80-90 million/annum turnover, above which the areas are normally bifurcated) distributors and 120 were low performing (around Rupees 10.5 million/annum) distributors and 75 company executives/channel managers were considered. Instrument The primary data was collected with the help of a non – disguised well structured questionnaire based on dimensions related to channel management and a channel...
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...The 360 degree evaluation can help one person be rated from different sides, different people which can give the wider prospective of the employee’s competencies (Shrestha, 2007). It is a process in which someone's performance is assessed and feedback is given by a number of people, who may include their manager, subordinates, colleagues and customers. Assessments take the form of rating against various performance dimensions. 360 degree feedback is a tool that gives managers a clear picture of their performance at workplace. Different opinions are gathered from the manager, their staff and their pair being assessed. All views are grouped together to form the clear picture. To accomplish this opinions are express by completion of a questionnaire incorporating different aspects of expected performance factors. Research conducted by Handy, Devine and Heath (1996) found that typically, 360 degree feedback forms part of a self-development or management development program. 2. 360 Degree feedback and appraisal An important issue to be addressed in development a 360 degree feedback system is whether it should be used purely for development purpose(i.e. identifying learning and development) or whether it should be also or mainly used as part...
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...CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction This chapter describes the formulation of a research design and methodology adopted to achieve the stipulated goals for the study. After considering the objectives of the study, the level of digital library development in Malaysia, the research questions, the limitations and the scope, the researcher felt the appropriateness for adopting both the qualitative and quantitative data gathering techniques i.e. the survey method, using the questionnaire as the instrument and supported by qualitative data obtained through structured interviews. A combination of these research design helped provides more data to work with and ultimately a more accurate evaluation (O’Neill, 2006) and according to Hemming (2008) human geographers were also increasingly employing both approaches in their research. Another reason for adopting both qualitative and quantitative data gathering techniques was that since there had been little documentation on the subject matter, it was therefore important to get to the source of primary information so that each method could complement and substantiate the other and making the findings more concrete. In short, the strengths of qualitative studies should be demonstrated for research that was exploratory or descriptive and that stressed on the importance of context, setting, and participants’ frames of reference (Marshall and Rossman, 2006). The objectives of the study were to identify the extent of readiness of...
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...sample would be students between ages 22-27 from 4 different universities (sample size of at least 60 people to get significant results). 4. We will divide our sample into 4 different groups Sun exposure + familiar music (group 1) | Sun exposure + non-familiar music (group 2) | No son exposure + familiar music (group 3) | No sun exposure + non-familiar music (group 4) | 5. The independent variables in this research are sun exposure and listening to familiar music. The dependent variable is the person’s mood. Sun exposure can be practically defined by determining a certain amount of time from which we can conclude that a person has been exposed to sun (i.e. 30 minutes). The definition for familiar music can be determined by a pilot before we begin our research on a population which is not part of the sample through which we can find out which songs are familiar (and conversely non-familiar). This way we can define practically and operationally which songs are familiar and which songs are not. A theoretical definition for sun exposure can be a person who was exposed to sun but did not specify how much time he/she spent exposed to the sun. A theoretical definition for familiar music can be songs that a person hears and recognizes. We chose to define the dependent variable ‘mood’ as a feeling temporarily experienced by a person – not a grand feeling of lifetime...
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...PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR CHILD’S WEIGHT Introduction Obesity is on the increase, so much so that it is now widely referred to as an epidemic of obesity (Hall and Elliman, 2006). Shepherd (2009) defines obesity as excess body fat primarily caused by a shift in the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure over a period of time. The consequences of obesity in childhood can include breathing problems/sleep apnoea, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and not to mention the psychological problems associated with low-self esteem and depression (Stewart, 2008). Recent government statistics show that in children aged 2 – 15 years, almost one-third, are classed as overweight with 29% classed as being obese (Information Centre, 2008a). The National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) found that in 2008, of the children who were measured, one in four aged 4 – 5 year olds and one in three aged 10 – 11 year olds was either overweight or obese. School nurses are involved in implementing the National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP), which involves weighing and measuring all children in Reception and Year 6. This involves sending the results out to parents along with information on healthy eating and exercise with the hopes that this information will enable parents to make more informed choices and seek help to improve their family’s lifestyle (The Information Centre, 2008b). Having been involved in this process last year, we sent out the results and...
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...10 tips for selecting the best Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) software product Article by Prinicipal Consultant Thomas Hornbæk Svendsen, NNIT Selecting a Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) software product is usually a demanding process. Not only does it require clear objectives and goals, but also a dedicated group of key stakeholders with substantial business process insight. Moreover, to ensure the process is successfully planned and completed, it’s necessary to use a transparent method to document decisions and capture learnings and decisions. The organisation you work for probably has a more or less well-defined process for acquiring COTS software products. Normally, this will include a policy for how to engage in such a process, and a governance-structure for budgeting and decisions. The supporting process-descriptions will vary from organisation to organisation – you might find a detailed and transparent process – or the opposite, that the process is only defined in broad terms, leaving it up to you to define the concept and approach. In case of the latter – how do you get the process right? It’s up to you – perhaps together with a group of colleagues – to ensure that the financial requirements are adequately balanced against the requirements for business process support, that the organisation’s business imperatives are met, and that all relevant stakeholders are adequately involved. Furthermore, if the COTS software product is for a GxP-validated setup, you must ensure...
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...PUBLIC PERCEPTION Abstract This study explored public risk perception of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for civilian commercial operations, including cargo and passenger transportation. Civilian operators are considering the use of UAVs to increase safety while reducing labor costs, but negative perceptions may delay the advancement of these aircraft. To document perception of UAV or 2 UAS aircraft for commercial operations, a questionnaire was distributed to adults (ages 18+) who use commercial air travel. The survey classified age group, gender, and UAV familiarity as demographic variables. This study assessed risk perception of UAVs and its correlation to the variables through statistical analysis to identify whether there was an association between the demographic variables and risk perception. Upon analysis, it was determined that the data from the sample showed no strong evidence that demographic variables influenced risk perception. Many respondents’ risks perceptions involved technology reliability and higher perceived safety with a human pilot onboard. Keywords: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, UAV, Risk Perception UAV PUBLIC PERCEPTION 3 Introduction The aviation industry has been studying the potential use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) commercial airliners in the National Airspace System (NAS) for cargo and passenger transport operations. Commercial carriers may consider the use of unmanned aircraft due to the possible added safety and the...
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...How to write a research proposal Framework of the Research Proposal A research proposal is a written document that includes the following information: * Identification of , and rationale for research topic and research questions. (Introduction or Background) * Summary of previous literature (explication, application and evaluation of theory) (Literature review) * Specification of procedure to be followed to answer research questions. (Methodology) The purpose of your proposal is to sell your idea by showing you have thought it through very carefully and have planned a good research study. The introduction and literature section of your proposal. * The purpose of this section is to introduce your research idea, establish its importance (i.e., you want to “sell” it to your reader), and explain its significance. * Flow of the introduction: * Start with a general introduction that * defines the research topic (places it in a context) * demonstrates its importance (provides a rationale) * Flow of the literature review: * Then review the relevant literature. * This review should lead directly into a statement of the purpose of the study and your research questions. Framework of the Methodology section * This provides a written description of the specific actions, plan, or strategy you will take to answer your research questions. * It includes...
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...PROJECT PROPOSAL GRIEVANCE HANDLING PROCEDURES AND THEIR IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF GHANA COCOA BOARD 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Grievance is a sign of an employee’s discontentment with his job or his relationship with his colleagues. Grievance generally arises out of the day to day working relations in an organization, an employee or a trade union protest against an act or policy of the management that they consider as violating employees rights. An organization will establish a grievance practice to give an opportunity to the employee to file his or her frustration. The establishment of grievance procedure is in line with the principle of “due process” (Mante-Meija & Enid, 1991) which guarantees the application of procedural justice and ethical decision making in an organization. Besides the establishment of grievance procedure will resolve employees’ dissatisfaction fairly, behavior of personnel who handle grievance also brings effect to the employee’s satisfaction on the result of grievance resolution. Managers will handle grievances referred to them base on their personality reference. One of the effective ways of minimizing and eliminating the source of employee’s grievance is by having an ‘open door policy’. An ‘open door policy’ facilitates upward communication in the organization where employees can walk into superiors’ cabin at any time and express their grievances. The National Commission on Labour suggested a Model Grievance...
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