...relies heavily on policing within their community’ citizens around the world want to feel safe, some as they walk the streets during the day and others while they sleep in their beds at night. Once upon a time citizens felt a great deal safer than they do today. People were not afraid to leave their homes and take strolls through the neighborhood at night, whenever they felt like walking to get some fresh air, thanks to the police. The policing throughout the city and in the neighborhood s made citizens feel safe, people were not afraid to leave their homes and sit outside on their front porches. However, as time began to change the world, policing changed as well. In this paper this author will evaluate the past, present and future trends in the interface between components of the criminal justice system and criminal justice connections with surrounding society which involves policing in the United States of America. Sometimes it’s better to let the things in the past, stay in the past but not when it comes to policing, back in the late 1800s and early 1900s police made people feel safe within their community. Police officers would walk the streets patrolling the neighborhood, standing on street corners talking to the neighbors in the community and actually getting to know the people who they help protect. That was when citizens and police officers actually knew each other on a first name basis, when citizens felt police officers cared about...
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...heavily on policing within their community’ citizens around the world want to feel safe, some as they walk the streets during the day and others while they sleep in their beds at night. Once upon a time citizens felt a great deal safer than they do today. People were not afraid to leave their homes and take strolls through the neighborhood at night, whenever they felt like walking to get some fresh air, thanks to the police. The policing throughout the city and in the neighborhood s made citizens feel safe, people were not afraid to leave their homes and sit outside on their front porches. However, as time began to change the world, policing changed as well. In this paper this author will evaluate the past, present and future trends in the interface between components of the criminal justice system and criminal justice connections with surrounding society which involves policing in the United States of America. Past Trends Sometimes it’s better to let the things in the past, stay in the past but not when it comes to policing, back in the late 1800s and early 1900s police made people feel safe within their community. Police officers would walk the streets patrolling the neighborhood, standing on street corners talking to the neighbors in the community and actually getting to know the people who they help protect. That was when citizens and police officers actually knew each other on a first name basis, when citizens felt police officers...
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...Police History Throughout the years, the United States has maintained a strong federal and state policy system, and because of this America has strong police history. When policing first began, colonists pursued the English style of policing. English style of policing consisted of monitoring the community on behaviors, morals, and civil obligations instead of criminal issues. Citizens carried out these policing responsibilities and were referred to as civic duties. There was no training or pay offered for these services. Wealthier people who didn't want to serve began to pay others to do their duties for them. Policing has continued to change in a positive way for America. (NY Region, 2014) In 1658 Philadelphia offered compensation for citizens for their service, and wardens employed watchmen. Watchmen's responsibilities were increased, and they were offered a salary as well. Motoring became a priority when towns and villages were formed and crime increased. Colonies began a system of sheriff's similar to the traditional policing in the English countryside. The sheriff's patrolled the community, and they also collected taxes and served court papers for a small fee. These sheriff's weren't too worried about crime being committed. (Davis, 2009) As time went on, policing focused more on crime prevention rather than crime detection and punishment for the crime that was committed. In the 1840's, guidelines improved relations between the community and the...
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...Police History Stephen Turner 03/24/2013 CJA/214 Shawn R. Kehoe Through the history of policing, law enforcement has adapted and overcome major obstacles to be at the level they are today. The very first officers on the streets carried no radios, didn’t have vehicles to drive around, carried no weapon, and had very little, if any professional training (Grant and Terry, 2012). If the history of policing is known it can help better understand where we’re at today and learn from the mistakes that were made previously. The history of policing will help us better understand why certain negative situations still remain in law enforcement although many have been through multiple reforms to correct the problem (Miller, 2000). One man, Sir Robert Peel is responsible for the direction of modern day policing and started the first modern police force. Sir Robert Peel established the London Metropolitan Police Force based out of Scotland Yard. This force was the first recognized modern day police force in history. Before 1829 policing was simply citizens with no training or equipment trying to attain order in their town. With population growth and urbanization this old style of policing quickly fell apart and Sir Robert Peel introduced the first police force (Grant and Terry, 2012). His focus was on crime prevention, being proactive in law enforcement rather than reactive. Sir Robert Peel developed the Peelian principles which were used to define an ethical police force (Grant and...
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...The People vs The Police: Building the Trust In Franklin Foer’s “How Soccer Explains the World: An Unlikely Theory of Globalization,” Foer describes a division between pro-soccer Americans and anti-soccer Americans. In Kwame Anthony Appiah’s “Moral Disagreement,” Appiah examines the ways that different cultural groups perceive themselves as opposed to others. In today’s society, these different cultural groups we all belong to, tend to see themselves in terms of an “us versus them” mentality. Overcoming or at least understanding the differences we share with opposing cultural groups is crucial for the sake of peaceful human interaction and existence. Since the beginning of history, the public's attitude towards police has been mostly negative. Due to failed community policing attempts, the misuse of police authority, and the media negatively influencing both cultural groups painting a lousy picture on both spectrums, this has been a constant battle worldwide. Through effective neighborhood policing and learning to trust the police, America could be a sharpened more secure place to live. First, because of failed community policing attempts in America, there has been a constant battle for the people and the police to view each other as equals and overcome the differences we share. Community policing is the newest terminology for law enforcement. It is a federally funded initiative built on the premise that everyone should be working together to reduce the fear of crime. The major...
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...Community Policing Briarcliffe College Professor Toohey 12/17/14 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Community policing is a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime. Throughout this reading you will get the full concept of “Community Policing” and how it benefits us civilians as a society. LITERATURE REVIEW This section of the essay consists of a grouped summary of published sources that I will be presenting, that I will be using for my paper, you will read about the pros of community policing such sources will be Wycoff and Skogan (1993), McElroy et al (1993), The United States National Institute of Justice (1992), and Bayley (1989). I chose these sources because all these people were all involved with police field. HISTORICAL ANALYSIS On December 17, 1996 the resolution was further amended to expand the Community Policing Task Force from 9 to 15 members. On November 4, 1997 the resolution was further amended (Resolution 73916) to create the Community Policing Advisory Board (CPAB). In 2004, Oakland voters approved Measure Y, he Violence Prevention and Public Safety Act which influenced how Oakland handled community policing and violence suppression. On April 13, 2005 Oakland adopted Resolution 79235. This resolution reiterated Resolution 72727...
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...History of police William Mosley University of Phoenix The purpose of this paper is to describe the history of police specifically in America. It also seeks to discuss how Sir Robert Peel changed American policing as well as analyzing the relationship between American government and the policing organizations found in America. The history of police assists us to understand the origin of the policies we have today. The practices of police have over the years continued to change. There are four stages in the study of the history of police in America that are categorized according to the time the changes took place. These stages include the political era, professional era, the police crisis of 1960s and the new development stages. In the 1800’s police officers patrolled on foot to maintain security. They did not have police vehicles and did not carry any weapons. They also had challenges in communication as they did not have the police radios to receive and dispatch information. They were also not trained and did not have a police station. All they had was a police cap and budge. It was not until the 19th century that weapons started been used. The officers lacked job security as they could be hired and fired anytime without notice. The pay was not the same as police officers in the city earned better pay than those in the factories. Many officers were given the jobs by local politicians who were wealthy as a reward for serving them. In the professional...
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...The History of Police Abstract This paper is about the history of police in America. This paper will describe the impact of Sir Robert Peel on American policing. Also, it will discuss the different stages of police in America. In addition, it will analyze the relationship between the government and the policing organizations throughout the United States. Police history is something everyone should know about. Police have been around for a long time. The history of police is important to know about because it helps people understand why some of the policies are in place today. The United States has used methods of policing from Great Britain. There are many ways to learn about policing by studying the history of police. Police practices and logics have changed enormously over the years. It is a common misconception that policies remain the same over the years, but that is not true. Furthermore, there are different stages in the history of American police called the political era, professional era, police crisis of 1960’s, and the new development stages. America has used policies implemented by Robert Peel. Robert Peel was a political leader in England, who fought to improve law enforcement in the country. Robert Peel developed three core elements that involve mission, strategy, and organizational structure of the police. Robert Peel also introduced the police having a presence in the community (Schmalleger, 2009)...
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...Policing has been a part of America for many decades. In fact, policing was known to exist prior to 1066, the year of the Normandy Invasion of Britain. Throughout the years policing has been a complicated and ongoing progress. The people of England did not have a stabilized policing standard and were often responsible for protecting and serving themselves. As early as the 1600s the Colonial America introduced the English styles of policing; citizens were responsible for monitoring community members’ behavior. Early constables and sheriffs were with the increased rate of crime and developed a ‘sort’ in community policing known as “watch and ward.” Later throughout history in the early 1700s policing became an act of religious beliefs. Crime and disorder followed throughout America and unorganized crime prevailed. By the early 1800s a development was established to bring organization and structure to policing. In addition to many historical figures responsiblefor the development of policing. Sir Robert Peel (1829) served as Home Secretary of England and cited a new revolution for policing in the community. This Metropolitan America developed guidelines set for improving community relations and professional behaviors. His ideas stood firm that the key to policing was, “the police are the people and the people are the police.” In this paper, I will discuss the nine principles developed by Sir Robert Peel and the impact it served on American policing and its history Sir Robert Peel...
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...Police history plays an important role in today’s policing styles in the nation. Some individuals thinking policing styles and the history is based off of television shows and movies that are released which in reality is not true to a certain extent. “Up until the last two hundred years, most societies relied on individual citizens and communities to ensure that laws were upheld and criminals were apprehended (Grant and Terry, 2012).” After many years, societies and communities upheld this responsibility and implemented effective ways to enforce the law and maintain order. This is where law enforcement was originated after the Code of Hammurabi took place and soon England formed law enforcements based on individuals and tribal justice. After the collapse of the England law enforcement, in the early nineteenth century Sir Robert Peel became an important person on having an impact on American policing which has been used until this day. Sir Robert Peel served as Home Secretary in 1828 in which he wanted to set law enforcement in the city which later would be London Metropolitan Police. He served in “Ireland for many years and successfully organized the Royal Irish Constabulary, Peel was keen to reform the way in which law was enforce in England and create a new police force for the city of London (Grant and Terry, 2012).” By 1829, parliament passed the London Metropolitan Act in which it provided funds for establishing 1,000 police officer force and strict standards of discipline...
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...The history of Police Paper Samuel G. Gilley CJA/214 – Introduction to Police Theory and Practices June 10, 2012 Judith Brodsky Abstract This paper is about the history of police in America. This paper will describe the impact of Sir Robert Peel on American policing. Also, it will discuss the different stages of police in America. In addition, it will analyze the relationship between the government and the policing organizations throughout the United States. Police history is something everyone should know about. Police have been around for a long time. The history of police is important to know about because it helps people understand why some of the policies are in place today. The United States has used methods of policing from Great Britain. There are many ways to learn about policing by studying the history of police. Police practices and logics have changed enormously over the years. It is a common misconception that policies remain the same over the years, but that is not true. Furthermore, there are different stages in the history of American police called the political era, professional era, police crisis of 1960’s, and the new development stages. America has used policies implemented by Robert Peel. Robert Peel was a political leader in England, who fought to improve law enforcement in the country. Robert Peel developed three core elements that involve mission...
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...Police History Essay (Week One) Policing in today’s society is very different than what it was back in the 1800’s. In my reading of The Police in America, An Introduction, Seventh Edition Walker and Katz explain how the very first American police officer received no training, forms of communication, policy or procedure guidelines or weapons. Corruption and abuse of police authority ran rampant. This is vastly different than to today’s policing in America. American policing was born as a product from the English heritage and focused on three main features which helped create American policing as we know of it today. The three main features were high value on individual liberty and on governmental authority, tradition of local control of law enforcement agencies, and a highly decentralized and fragmented system of law enforcement. Sir Robert Peel is known as the “father” of modern day policing. To this day his work is still discussed and taught at all different law enforcement training academies around America. Sir Robert Peel sought to fix England’s broken and collapsed law enforcement system. He created three core elements which are still used in today’s policing to help aid in crime prevention. The three core elements were the mission, strategy, and organizational structure of the police. Most of these ideas were adopted from the military but tailored to meet the needs of law enforcement. Those elements were designed to work with a proactive police approach...
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...Police History Jason Turley CJA 214 January 17, 2013 Jess Gutierrez Police History The efforts of policing have been around for centuries. In 2200 BC Babylon used the code of Hammurabi for standardized laws and punishments; in 27 BC Augustus created the Roman system of Vigiles; in 1285 the watch-and-word system was created by the Statute of Winchester in England; in 1748 London formed the Bow Street Runners. Despite London possessing more than 400 police officers in the early 1800s they still had no centrally organized system for law enforcement. One man set out to change this flaw in the system, Sir Robert Peel. He devoted his life to developing a police force, which would provide services and safety for communities and their citizens throughout the world. Through his dedication and hard work of creating the London Metropolitan Police, he was dubbed the “father” of Modern policing. Sir Robert Peel accomplished all this while serving as the Home Secretary of England. Parliament was hesitant at first, but later passed the Metropolitan Police Act in 1829. This ACT provided funds for a 1,000 police officer force to be controlled by strict rules of conduct and discipline. Sir Robert Peel believed that “the police are people and the people are the police,” and in order for crime prevention to be successful it must keep crime from becoming intrusive to the people and their communities. Sir Robert Peel created this list of principles for policing. 1. The...
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...Introduction: Policing today has proven to be effective after years of improvements and changes. This paper will discuss the significant features in history in Japan and the United States. There are many types of police operations. Policing in general has a wide range of different kinds of strategies and areas. I will discuss the development of both policing styles as well as how implementation can affect both countries. Japan: Japan is known for it low crime rate and its unique policing styles and homogeneous society. Sam Bacca, Chief of Police in Albuquerque New Mexico stated, “This is police paradise”, while he was visiting Japan. (Rebenfien, 1989) “Every law enforcement officer would love to have a community like this”, he continued. (Rebenfien, 1989) Chief Baca and many others offers came to Japan to observe their police system and bring those ideas back to their community. The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Statistics Bureau, Director-General for Policy Planning and Statistical Research and Training Institute reports Japan's total population in 2011 was 127.80 million and total density measured 343 persons per square kilometer in 2010. Japan has endured many trial and tribulations has a country, having to rebuild after wars and conflict. During the fourteen century short lived imperial rulers, followed by a new government established by the Ashikaja family, lasting for two centuries. (Sccnet, 1998) This was a time of great prosperity...
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...Roles and responsibilities of public and private policing 1 Roles and responsibilities of public and private policing Sonequa L. James CJA 500 Tracy Webb, M.S., J.D. June 29, 2008 Roles and responsibilities of public and private policing 2 Abstract There is a direct relationship between public and private policing. As time change and with technology growing deterring crime does not rest only in the hands of public policing alone. Private policing is bridging the gap with public policing by assisting and deterring crimes via of prevention. Private policing comes in many forms to due to the advancement of technology when assisting the public police by hindering the act of crime. This paper will compare and contrast the roles and responsibilities of public and private policing. Roles and responsibilities of public and private policing 3 “The Baltimore County Police and Private Security Association was formed in 1987 in an effort to improve the relationship between the police department and private sector. By establishing lines of communications with organizations that share a common interest, a united front can be mounted to prevent crime in Baltimore County.” (Baltimore Co Police, 2008) In the past years there has been a negative stigma between public and private policing. Police officers encouraged these thoughts by using or speaking unethically when assisting private security with an arrest or investigating a crime. Over a period...
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